The results of complex experiments on studying the effectiveness of the use of geoinformation technologies on grain crops of CJSC breeding farm "Irmen" of the Ordynsky district of the Novosibirsk region, which is part of the drained forest-steppe of Western Siberia, are presented. Varieties of soft spring wheat, spring barley and oats place increased demands on environmental factors and are characterized by high variability. The use and implementation of modern satellite navigation systems makes it possible to increase the yield and quality of the main grain crops in the zone of risky farming in Western Siberia. The purpose of the research is based on optimizing the technology of growing grain crops using a satellite navigation system in the forest-steppe of Western Siberia. The studies were carried out in 2029-2022. in the soil-climatic zone of drained forest-steppe, which is part of the northern forest-steppe of the foothills of the Ob. The soil of the experimental plots is leached chernozem with a humus content of 6.18%, gross nitrogen - 0.34, phosphorus - 0.22 and potassium - 1.23%. The content of easily hydrolysable nitrogen is 10.8, mobile phosphorus 21.9 and exchangeable potassium 19.8 mg/100 g of soil at pH 6.57. In the experiments we used a variety of spring soft wheat Likamero, spring barley Paustian and oat Rovesnik. The paper establishes regression equations between the yield and the sum of productive moisture reserves and precipitation in the interphase periods of different varieties of grain crops. Correlation parameters for each interphase period are marked. The dependence of the yield on the amount of precipitation for the interphase periods of grain crops was revealed. The role of geoinformation technologies in increasing the yield and quality of grain of spring wheat, spring barley and oats is determined.

Today, a modern large city can only be imagined with specialised landscape objects. They belong to the group of public facilities, the functional feature of which is formed, as a rule, under the pressure of the city’s cultural, social and historical environment. The presence of such facilities provides a wide range of recreational activities and contributes to the multifaceted development of the personality of visitors. The article presents a methodology developed by the authors for assessing the attractiveness and integration into the urban gardening system of specialised objects of landscape architecture in Novosibirsk. The proposed method makes it possible to determine the popularity of an entity among the population, its accessibility, its performance of the prevailing function, the possibility of social integration of people with disabilities, and the organisation of the landscape on the territory. Five specialised objects of various functional orientations were identified in the structure of Novosibirsk. Among them, parks of communication with nature and protect flora and fauna prevail in number (Central Siberian Botanical Garden, Dendrological Park, Novosibirsk Zoo named after R.A. Shilo). These objects are also the most popular among the residents of the city. The main factor in attracting visitors to such sites is the cognitive function. The historical and architectural open-air museum needs to be better integrated into the system of urban landscaping due to poor awareness of citizens about this object, the lack of developed transport and pedestrian communications and unhindered access for all categories of citizens. The dendrological park needs a reconstruction of the landscape organisation and functional zoning of the territory; for this object, the problem of popularization among the city’s residents is also relevant in the course of the analysis of specialized landscape objects of Novosibirsk, the Central Siberian Botanical Garden, the Central Park, the Novosibirsk Zoo named after N.N. R.A. Awl. However, none of them fully meets all the necessary criteria. Reconstruction of varying degrees is required for each facility, considering social trends and modern processes.

In Yakutia’s harsh natural and climatic conditions, growing only adaptive, highly winter-hardy blackcurrant varieties that can tolerate frosts below -50˚С is possible. In this regard, it is relevant to study the winter hardiness of hybrids and the selection of resistant samples. The purpose of the study is to identify winterhardy hybrid forms of black currant in the conditions of Central Yakutia. The studies were conducted in 2019–2021 at the Yakutsk Research Institute of Agriculture in a fruit and berry nursery. The objects of research are hybrid forms of 9 families of black currant. Inter-varietal crosses obtained the mixed material. During the study period, the weather conditions of winter were somewhat different. The winter of 2020/21 was cha-characterised by particular severity. The average air temperature in January was -46.3°C and the absolute winter minimum was -56.4°C. The frostiness of the winter was -4679.2°C and the snow depth was 30.5 cm.). The output of winter-hardy seedlings for all families was 23.6%. As a result of the study, 11 highly winter-hardy hybrid forms of various genetic origins were identified - 1-7-18, 2-8-18, 2-13-18, 2-14-18, 2-16-18, 4-12-18, 2- 19-18, 3-14-18, 3-22-18, 4-1-18, 3-2-18. They will be used in the practical breeding of blackcurrant as sources of high winter hardiness and varieties with a complex of economically valuable traits - as the ancestors of new types.

Determining the nature of the interaction between the genotype and the environment is one of the critical stages of breeding practice for selecting effective parental forms of hybrids of the first generation of sorghum and their stable seed reproduction in the arid conditions of the Saratov region. The contribution of regulated and unregulated factors to the overall variability of a trait can be determined using a two-factor analysis of variance used in this work. The research objects were 11 sterile lines of grain sorghum grown on the experimental field of the Federal State Budgetary Research Institution RosRISM (Russian Research Institute of Sorghum and Maize) “Rossorgo” during 2009–2018. The meteorological conditions of plant cultivation varied significantly: in 2013 and 2017, they were characterised as sufficiently humid (Hydrothermal coefficient - HTC = 0.98–1.01), 2011 – acutely dry (HTC = 0.26), other years – dry (HTC = 0.45–0.68). As a result of the tests, it was found that the CMS lines differed in economically valuable traits. The sterile line A1 Efremovskoe 2 should be classified as tall (131.2 cm) and more productive (4.41 t/ha of seeds) with a well-developed leaf apparatus (the area of the giant leaf is 238.0 cm2). Low-growing CMS lines M35 and 9E Pishchevoe 614 (94.9–98.5 cm) were distinguished by the protrusion of the inflorescence stem - 21.6 cm, and A3, A4 and 9E Zheltozernoe 10 (109.8–110.2 cm) - with a long leaf (50.7–51.5 cm). Medium-sized lines A2 Vostorga and A4 KP 70 had a long inflorescence (23.0–24.5 cm), while A3 Feterita 14 had a short inflorescence (13.7 cm). It was found that the genotype (41.4–61.6%) had a more substantial effect on the overall variability of plant height, length and protrusion of the stem of the inflorescence, and leaf length, while the environmental factor had a more substantial effect on seed yield (55.3%).

The authors studied varieties and lines of durum spring wheat according to grain vitreousness in 2019–2022 based on the selected crop rotation of the durum wheat laboratory of the Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution “Omsk ANC”, as well as at the stronghold of seed production in the steppe zone in the village Novouralsky of the Tavrichesky district of the Omsk region. Competitive variety testing was based on a pure fallow of 26 numbers, five varieties. The area of plots is ten m², repeated four times; the placement is randomised. The weather conditions differed, in contrast, both in terms of precipitation and temperature regime. In 2019, atypical meteorological conditions developed: favourable in the first growing season and dry in the second (Volga type of drought); in 2020, a deficit was observed throughout the summer. The most unfavourable conditions for filling and ripening of grain took shape in 2021 and 2022. Ecological plasticity parameters were calculated according to S.A. Eberhart and W.A. Russell. The effects of additive and multiplicative interactions (AMMI-analysis) were determined by R.W. Zobel et al. The analysis showed the effectiveness of differentiating the genotype’s response to the AMMI analysis’s environment and the S.A. Eberhart, W.A. Russell. Average vitreousness for 2019–2022 amounted to 57.5%. According to varieties and lines, vitreousness varied from 54 to 62%. The lines Gordeiforme 12-11-7 and Gordeiforme 14-83-1 were the most responsive to changing environmental conditions. For cultivation in Western Siberia, the following varieties are recommended: Omsk malachite and the line Gordeiforme 12-75-3.

Vast territories of Western Siberia (about 40%) are saline. On such lands, perennial grasses - phytomeliorants are mainly grown. The article presents the results of a four-year study of plant-microbial interactions in medium-sodium solonetz under fodder crop rotations with sweet yellow clover and awnless brome. The studies were conducted in the Baraba lowland, where crop rotations using layer-by-layer tillage were cultivated at the SSRIF (Siberian Scientific Research Institute of Feed) station for 33 years. In a six-field crop rotation with sweet clover in the first field, sweet clover of the Alsheevsky variety was sown with a cover crop – Sudan grass of the Novosibirskaya 84 variety; the second field was occupied by sweet clover; the third field was planted with Krasnoobsky oats. After that, everything was repeated all over again. In the crop rotation with rump, millet Kormovoe 45 was buried in the first field; in the second field, an awnless brome cultivar of the Siberian Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture -189 and millet were planted. Then the rump grew for four years. As a result of tillage and long-term exposure to phytomeliorant herbs in the 0–20 cm layer of medium solonetz, the biodiversity of bacteria has changed, the nitrification activity of the soil has increased by 1.9–2.3 times (primarily affecting the productivity of grasses cultivated in crop rotations). Under the sweet clover, the process of microbiological humus accumulation was activated. Using metagenomic analysis of 16S rRNA, four taxonomic groups of bacteria (phyla) were identified, significantly different from the virgin soil. In both crop rotations in the average solonetz, under the influence of agrobiological reclamation, the proportion of bacteria of the phylum firmicutes, mineralises of complex nitrogen-containing substances and producers of plant growth stimulants, as well as beta- and deltaproteobacteria, functionally associated with improving soil fertility, increased. Under the rump, the representation of Chloroflexi, indicators of soil density, significantly decreased.

Clarkia amoena (Lehm.) A. Nelson & J. F. Macbr., a valuable outdoor ornamental crop, was grown south of Western Siberia (GPS coordinates: 55.0312880° N, 82.9903190° E). The work aimed to study the features of the reproductive biology of a new variety of clarkia Malinovaya chasha selected by the Novosibirsk State Agrarian University and to assess the topographic (quantity and quality of seeds from shoots of different orders), matural (various degrees of fruit ripening) and ecological (dependence of productive and sowing attributes on the main climatic factors in periods flowering and fertilisation) variability of economically valuable traits. The study used the method of multiple regression, correlation, and cluster analyses of experimental data. Fruits and seeds of a new variety of Clarkia Raspberry Cup, which were set during free pollination, formed at different flowering times and on shoots of various locations on the main stem, differed in quantity, weight, size and sowing qualities. Analysis of seed quality indicators (weight of 1000 seeds, germination energy, germination) revealed a multiple regression dependence on the heat supply of the periods of fertilisation and seed formation. The importance of the seeds of the clarkia variety Raspberry bowl by weight of 1000 pcs., formed in different periods, varied from 0.327 g in the period unfavourable for seed formation - from August 20 to September 10 - to 0.6 g in the favourable period - the first ten days of August. A significant dependence of the mass of 1000 pcs. Based on the average daily air temperature and the sum of active temperatures above 15 °C, the correlation coefficient (r) ranged from 0.976 to 0.978. The conducted studies have revealed several features of the formation of the crop structure of a new variety of Clarkia, depending on topographic, matural, and ecological variability. The actual seed productivity of the clarkia variety Raspberry bowl in the south of Western Siberia is, on average, 50% of the potential. From one varietal plant in the south of Western Siberia, 3.026 g of seeds are obtained (on average, over three years of research). The established relationships between the quality of seed material and the main climatic factors make it possible to control and, to a certain extent, predict the seed yield of the new variety Clarkia amoena Raspberry bowl in the sharply continental climatic conditions of the south of Western Siberia.

The aim of the research was the possibility of using zeolite for the adaptation of micro plants of plum home variety Kazanskaya under in vivo conditions. The control was a substrate for experiments based on grassroots peat (manufactured by JSC “Udmurttorf”, Udmurt Republic, Russia). In the studied variants, zeolite (Tatarsko-Shatrashanskoe deposit, Republic of Tatarstan, Russia) was added to peat in 60, 90, and 120 g/l doses. Microplants were also planted on a 100% zeolite substrate. It has been established that the survival rate of domestic plum micro plants to non-sterile conditions in a grassroots peat substrate with the addition of zeolite in all doses is significantly higher than in the control variant (78.3%) and varies within 86.7–99.2%. The survival rate of domestic plum micro plants in a 100% zeolite substrate was 80.8% at the control indicator’s level. At the first stage of adaptation, the growth length of micro plants in the bottom peat substrate with the addition of zeolite at doses of 60 and 90 g/l increased significantly. It amounted to 1.9 and 3.3 cm, respectively, with 1.2 cm in control. Compared with the maximum allowable duration of adaptation according to GOST R 54051-2010 of 45 days, the transformation of home plum was 21 days in general. At the same time, in the variants with the addition of zeolite to the substrate based on grassroots peat at doses of 60: 90 and 120 g/l, the growth length of home plum micro plants was, on average, 6.0, 8.0, and 5.3 cm, respectively, and the height of adapted micro plants to the end of the second stage of adaptation were 7.0; 9.0; 7.3 cm, which exceeded the performance of State Standard (SS) R 54051-2010.

The authors conducted research from 2012–2021 at LLP Agricultural Experimental Station “Zarechnoye” of the Kostanay region of Kazakhstan. The experiment included early maturing soybean varieties bred by the Omsk ANC, approved for cultivation in the Russian Federation: Dina, Sibiryachka and Zolotistaya, also zoned in the Republic of Kazakhstan. From May till September 2012, 2014, 2019, and 2022 dry weather conditions were observed (HTC 0.40 - 0.69); arid (HTC 0.70 - 0.99) - in 2015 - 2017, 2020; moderately humid (HTC 1.00) - in 2013 and 2018 A significant positive effect on the duration of the growing season was provided by an increase in the HTC coefficient for the period May–September (r = 0.566) and in July (r = 0.444). An increase in precipitation lengthened the growing season to 113 days, and an increase in air temperature accelerated the growing season to 83 days (r = -0.353 and r = -0.440, respectively). The most stable was the plant height, which varied depending on the conditions of the year and variety from 55 to 76 cm - the coefficient of variation was about 10%. Significant varietal differences in average long-term values were revealed only by the number of pods per plant - the Sibiryachka cultivar had an advantage over the Dina and Zolotistaya cultivars, having formed an average of 36 pods per plant over ten years. The level of seed yield was significantly affected by the amount of precipitation (r = 0.608) and air temperature (r = 0.632) in June, as well as the number of productive nodes (r = 0.365) per plant. The increase in the share of protein was positively influenced by the rise in the amount of precipitation in June and in general for May–September: r = 0.415 and r = 0.581, respectively, as well as by the HTC for these periods: r = 0.362 and r = 0.561. A significant positive correlation was found between the protein content and the weight of 1000 seeds (r = 0.615) and a not high but significant positive correlation between the weight of 1000 seeds and the amount of precipitation in August (r = 0.375). The maximum seed yield and protein content in the experiment were noted in the Dina variety in 2016 - 2.78 t/ha and 40.6%, respectively. Variety Zolotistaya has the best resistance to stress in these indicators. Types differed in plasticity: Dina - in terms of yield (bi = 1.11) and Sibiryachka - in terms of weight of 1000 seeds (bi = 1.18). All varieties of the selection of the Omsk ANC included in the experiment can be used in breeding work in the conditions of the Kostanay region as sources of early maturity and yield - they need from 93 to 110 days to form more than 2.4 t/ha of seeds.

The studies were carried out in 2016–2020 on dark grey forest soil in the conditions of the Sverdlovsk region in a long-term stationary experiment. The object of observation was the spring barley Sonnet. The agrotechnological methods of spring barley cultivation were assessed in a two-factor experiment: factor A - crop rotations (precursor); factor B - food background. It was established that in the 0–50 cm layer during the sowing period, soil moisture availability on average for the predecessors varied in the range of 64.4–80.3 mm. The introduction of mineral fertilisers and their combinations with organic fertilisers in field crop rotations increased the reserves of productive moisture by 7–10 mm. The highest total nitrate and ammonium nitrogen content was noted during barley germination. The systematic use of fertilisers increased mineral nitrogen in the arable layer by 6.3–14.3 m/kg compared with the control (11.5–12.8 mg). A close positive relationship was found between the moisture content and mineral nitrogen in the 0–20 cm layer in the phase of barley seedlings. The correlation coefficient (r) was 0.67. During the crop rotation, there was no noticeable difference between the predecessors regarding the effect on the barley yield. In control, it varied at 2.63–2.77 t/ha. On fertilised nutrition backgrounds, an excess of grain harvest by 0.2–0.47 t/ha was revealed hectares when placing it as the second crop after the pure fallow to the occupied. On average, for predecessors, fertilisers provided an additional grain harvest at 1.53–1.54 t/ha compared to the control (2.71 t/ha). The organometal background of nutrition was not inferior to mineral fertilisers in terms of its impact on the productivity of grain forage crops—payback 1 kg a.i. Depending on the predecessor on the mineral background of nutrition, Fertilizers varied from 13.2 to 19.1 kg of grain. The maximum was noted in the grain-grass crop rotation. With a combination of organic and mineral fertilisers, the return decreased to 8.4–12.0 kg. A strong correlation was revealed between barley yield and mineral nitrogen content in the arable layer. On average, for the growing season, it was r = 0.97.

Overwintering is of paramount importance among the various factors responsible for the creation of winter wheat, which largely depends on the potential of the genotype, sowing time and weather conditions. Sowing time is one of the vital agrotechnical factors in the technology of winter wheat cultivation. The research aims to study the influence of sowing time on the formation of the yield of local varieties of soft winter wheat in the conditions of the forest-steppe of Western Siberia. The studies were carried out in 2018–2022 on the Siberian Research Institute of Plant Growing and Breeding - a branch of ICG SB RAS. Five varieties of soft winter wheat were used as an object of study. Sowing was carried out in three terms (the first - on August 20, the second - on September 01, and the third - on September 10). The maximum yield over the years of research was observed when sowing in the second term. On average, over three years, the increase was 0.53 and 0.66 t/ha compared to the first and third sowing periods, respectively. The highest yield was noted in the Krasnoobskaya winter variety during the second sowing period - 5.76 t/ha in 2022 and 5.16 t/ha on average over three years. The analysis of variance showed that the influence of all the studied factors on the change in yield is reliable. The maximum force was exerted by the interaction of the factors “year” and “variety” and amounted to 22.7%. The remaining elements were distributed as follows: sowing time -14.5, year conditions - 12, genotype - 12.7, the interaction of year conditions and sowing date - 7.9, the interaction between sowing time and genotype is 2.1%, the totality of all factors is 6.7%. According to the results of the correlation analysis, the yield in the years of research was in a significant relationship with overwintering (R = 0.52) and with the number of productive shoots (R = 0.53). In turn, the indicators of overwintering and the number of influential nodes correlate with the coefficient R = 0.36, which is also reliable. Based on the study, it can be concluded that the optimal sowing time for the growth and development of soft winter wheat is the second sowing time with a shift of 1–3 days in both directions.

Under conditions of low temperature, seedlings of heat-loving vegetable crops are more strongly affected by various pathogenic micromycetes, and the content of photosynthetic pigments in the leaves of plants decreases. Using fungicides cannot constantly interrupt the spread of pathogens and the death of plants. The authors determined the effect of the hardening regime, including the four-day keeping of germinating seeds of Momordica (Momordica charantia L.), asparagus cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.), kiwano (Cucumis metuliferus E. Mey. ex Naudin), Benincasa (Benincasa hispida (Thunb.) Cogn.) and anguria (Cucumis anguria L.) at a variable temperature during the day - hardening (10℃) at night and optimal (30℃) during the day for keeping pigments in leaves and damage to seedlings by pathogenic micromycetes at low temperatures (6–15 ℃). This effect allowed authors to assess the therm adaptive potential in experiments conducted in 2018–2022. Microbiological analysis of the soil on PDA medium (potato dextrose agar) showed the presence of Fusarium spp. in the amount of 290 CFU/g of earth. The trap method revealed the presence of Pythium Pringsh in the soil. The most significant reduction in the death of seedlings was achieved in seedlings of anguria - 29 times, Kivano, Benincasa and cowpea - 2.5, 2.0 and 1.3 times, respectively. Periodic hypothermia in 3 cultures out of 5 - Kiwano, Cowpea, and Benincasa - reduced the ascorbic acid content in the leaves by 17%, 36% and 3%. The range of photosynthetic pigments - chlorophylls (a + b) in the variant with hardening increased, respectively, in 4 (except cowpea) crops out of 5 by 8–40%, and carotenoids in 3 crops - Momordica, Anguria and Benincasa - by 46, 3 and 8% respectively. The ratio of chlorophylls a/b in most cultures, both in control (at the optimum temperature) and after low-temperature exposure, was close to 2.0. Only in Anguria did this ratio decrease from 2.8 to 2.1. Asparagus cowpea showed a decrease in the content of both ascorbic acid (by 36%) and photosynthetic pigments (chlorophylls and carotenoids) - by 6–8% in the hardening option.

The studies were conducted in 2021–2022 at FGBNU FARC of the North East. The article presents data on the yield and phytosanitary condition of crops of spring wheat Nagrada, barley Boyarin and oats Kirovsky 2, in the cultivation technology of which new bio fertilisers (Azolen, Azotovit, Phosphatovit, Kaliyvit, Nitrozlak) and biological products (Pseudobacterin, Flavobacterin, Alirin) are used, in compared with the control (no treatment) and the chemical fungicide Lamador. Chemicalization agents in liquid were used to treat seeds and crops in the tillering and heading phases. The area of the plots is 2.7 m2, and the repetition is fourfold. It was revealed that in protection against root rot, seed dressing with Lamador fungicide, treatment of crops with Azotovit in the tillering phase, and Phosphatovit in the heading phase are effective for all crops. However, depending on the culture, the selective nature of the effect of drugs on the spread and development of the disease was noted. On oats, the best protection was provided by the treatment of crops in the heading phase with Kaliyvit (biological efficiency 70.4% and 73.0%), on barley - treatment of seeds with Nitrozlak (40.4 and 60.5%), on wheat - treatment in the tillering phase Phosphatovit (61.9 and 58.8%). Preparations Kaliyvit (crop treatment) and Nitrozlak (seed treatment) reduced the development of septoria, dark brown, net and red-brown spotting to the greatest extent for the experiment (biological efficiency from 12.8 to 37.5%). The highest yield was obtained in the variants with the treatment of crops with Azolen, Azotovit, and Phosphatovit and the treatment of seeds with Kaliyvit, which amounted to 3.26–3.58 t/ha for wheat, 2.85–3.33 for barley, and 3.88 for oats. -4.31 t/ha. The yield increase is due to the higher survival of plants for harvesting and grain size, as evidenced by the positive relationship between yield and safety (r = 0.30–0.50), yield and weight of 1000 seeds (r = 0.18–0.43).

The article’s author determined the development trends of dairy breeds of cattle in the Vologda region based on the quantitative and qualitative traits dynamics from 2015 to 2021. According to the research results, from 2016 to 2020, the number of assessed livestock in the region stabilised, totalling 166 thousand animal units, including 76-77 thousand cows. In 2021, there is a decrease in the total number of livestock by 3.0 thousand animal units (up to 163 thousand heads), including cows - by 1.0 thousand animal units (up to 75 thousand heads). At breeding livestock farms for the analysed period, the number of animals increased by 8.27 thousand animal units. It amounted to 43.01 thousand animal units, including cows - by 3.56 thousand animal units (up to 20.49 thousand heads). In the Vologda region, the primary livestock of dairy breeds of cattle is made up of animals of the black-and-white breed - 68.46 thousand animal units, the rest of the species - from 4.47 (Holstein) to 10.62 thousand animal units (Kholmogory). The authors established for the analysed period an increase in the milk yield of cows for the Holstein breed by 1515 kg of milk (up to 9804 kg), for the Kholmogory breed - by 2147 kg (up to 7548 kg). An increase in milk yield until 2020 was revealed for the rest of the species. But in 2021, there was a decrease of 91 kg of milk for the Black-and-White breed (up to 8788 kg), 126 kg for the Yaroslavl breed (up to 6609 kg) and 222 kilograms for the Ayrshire breed. In the Vologda region, two species have high levels of milk fat: Yaroslavl - from 4.06 to 4.31% and Ayrshire - from 4.19 to 4.27%. For the Black-and-White breed, the indicators of the mass fraction of fat in the milk of cows are also at a high level - from 3.83 to 3.90%. The Black-and-White breed has the highest indicator of the mass fraction of protein in the milk of cows - from 3.21 to 3.30%, Yaroslavl - from 3.19 to 3.36 and Ayrshire - from 3.14 to 3.28%. Consequently, each breed population is characterised by its unique development of selectable traits in the region.

In the article, the authors presented an analysis of the influence of the methods of keeping the breeding stock of Kuzbass cattle on the period of its productive use and life expectancy. The object of the study was the breeding stock of cattle breeding and commercial enterprises. With a tethered method of keeping, the economical use of cows in the breeding enterprises of the region amounted to 2.75 ± 0.27 lactation, or 1002.70 ± 45.19 days, with an average life expectancy of 1835.60 ± 95.42 days. In commodity farms, the economical use of cows is an average of 2.35±0.20 lactations, or 860.70±41.80 days, with an average life expectancy of 1563.67±85.30 days. An analysis of the loose keeping of the cattle breeding stock showed that the period of economic use in breeding organizations is 2.45 ± 0.19 lactations (896.50 ± 39.43 days), and the average life expectancy is 1693.0 ± 83.34 days. The period of economic use of cows in the commercial farms of the region using loose housing averaged 2.16±0.20 lactations (794.50±38.53 days), and the average life expectancy was 1688.93±91.50 days. In the winter, the broodstock on tie-down housing has an advantage over the region’s farms in terms of economic use over yearround loose housing by 0.24 lactations (86.20 days).

In the article, the authors presented the main achievements and problems of developing dairy cattle breeding associated with selection and breeding work in the Novosibirsk region. It is necessary to solve the following tasks step by step for the purpose of the sustainable, progressive development of the industry and improvement of selection and breeding work with dairy cattle in the region: the creation of a regional/regional council for breeding work; organization of the Novosibirsk tribal union of dairy industry enterprises; formation of an assistant service based on the Novosibirsk State Agrarian University (NSAU) in cooperation with the Siberian Federal Scientific Center for Agrobiotechnologies of the Russian academy of sciences and JSC Novosibirskagroplem (RSIC – Regional Selection and Information Center); formation of a unified global database of breeding resources of the Siberian Federal District (SFD), the central regions of the Russian Federation, member countries of the EAEU (Eurasian Economic Union) using foreign data sources; development and implementation of an information and analytical system that allows you to automate selection and breeding work at the level of the economy, region, country/countries; automating the process of phenotyping of dairy cattle and improving the quality of the work of assessors (classifiers) of the exterior. The implementation of the tasks outlined will contribute to the consolidation of approaches at the regional level. It will lead to an increase in the quality of primary zootechnical accounting, which, in turn, will allow the assessment of the genetic potential of dairy cattle productivity, taking into account regional specifics, with high accuracy. It is expected that the result of such activities will be the development of appropriate domestic software tools for gaining technological sovereignty and ensuring the food security of the region and the country.

Analysis of the research results showed that the antigen’s occurrence frequency by loci was distributed with high variability from 0 to 75%. At locus C, the concentration of R1 antigen was the highest in the groups of cows of Bismarck sires - 60% and Design - 75%. In the group of cows of the Bismarck bull, antigens W’ were not detected in the C locus and antigen V in the F-V locus, and antigens B’, 0’ in the B locus and H” in the S’ locus were not detected in the group of cows of the Design bull. Comparative characteristics of the main breeding traits of cows of two groups of locus B of the blood group did not reveal a significant difference in their productivity. At the same time, cows of the 2nd group with a live weight of 629.3±17.6 kg were superior to their peers of the 1st group by 7.4% (Р≤0.05), in terms of height in the sacrum (133.80±0.88 cm) - by 3.2% (Р≤0.01). The revealed difference in the indicators of breeding traits between groups of cows is associated with the genetic dominance of the sire Design bull and its prepotency. According to the results of genotyping of animals of two eco-groups according to the allelic composition of the CASTUOGC282G gene, the superiority of homozygous genotypes CC and GG relative to heterozygous CG in the Bismarck group by 0.12 and 0.24 units, in the Design group - by 0.25 and 0.17 units. The uterus of the Bismarck bull with the GG allelic set was significantly heavier than the females of the CC genotype - by 3.8% (P≤0.05), CC relative to CG - by 5.1 (P≤0.01) and GG close to CG - by 2.3% (P≤0.001). Similarly, female representatives of Design with genotypes GG had a significant advantage by 8.3% (P≤0.01) and CG by 10.7% (P≤0.001) compared with peers of the CC genotype. The cows of the sire group Design 1015 of three genotypes - GG, CC and CG were heavier than the cows of the Bismarck 5682 group by 11.6 (P≤0.001); 4.6 (P≤0.01) and 12.4% (P≤0.001). At the same time, the lowest indicator of the coefficient of variability was the height in the sacrum in both groups for all genotypes (3.66–2.19%), which indicates the genetic predisposition of animals to inherit this selection trait in offspring.

In the article, the authors presented data on the species structure of the microflora isolated from cows with acute postpartum purulent-catarrhal endometritis. In acute postpartum endometritis, representatives of 8 genera of microorganisms were isolated in washings from the cervical canal. Identification of isolates to the species showed that Streptococcus pyogenes, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus were most often isolated from sick cows. These microorganisms were more common in associations: Escherichia coli + Streptococcus pyogene; Staphylococcus aureus + Streptococcus pyogenes. And Proteus vulgaris + Staphylococcus epidermidis. The disk diffusion method tested Streptococcus pyogenes, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus for resistance to 9 pharmacological groups of antimicrobial agents. In total, 48 isolates of 15 antibacterial drugs were tested in the work. The studied isolates of microorganisms showed multiple drug resistance. The authors revealed resistance to drugs of three or more pharmacological groups. Microorganisms showed high resistance (80% or more of isolates that did not show growth zone retardation) to drugs: neomycin (aminoglycosides) and benzylpenicillin (penicillins) - Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli; vancomycin (glycopeptides), polymyxin (polymyxins) - Streptococcus pyogenes and Escherichia coli; ampicillin (penicillins), tetracycline (tetracyclines), cefazolin (cephalosporins), ciprofloxacin (fluoroquinolones) - only Staphylococcus aureus; lincomycin (lincosamides), tylosin (macrolides) - only Escherichia coli; streptomycin (aminoglycoside) - only Streptococcus pyogenes.

The authors in the article demonstrated the results of assessing the level of stable strontium in the skeletal muscles, liver, kidneys and spleen of Landrace pigs at the end of the technological cycle. The studies were performed on clinically healthy animals raised in a large pig farm in the Altai Territory. The conditions of keeping the animals corresponded to those typical for meat fattening up to 100 kg. Feeding was carried out with complete feed. Elemental analysis of samples of parenchymal organs and muscle tissue was performed using inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectral analysis. Data processing was performed using Microsoft Office Excel and the R programming language in the data analysis environment RStudio version 2022.07.2+576 (RStudio, PBC). The distribution did not correspond to normal in all cases. The dispersions are not homogeneous. Based on the mean value and median, an increasing ranked series of strontium content in organs and tissues were established: liver = skeletal muscles < spleen < kidneys, in numerical terms: 1: 1: 3.7: 4.7 and 1: 1: 3.9: 5.7 respectively. Medians for stable strontium in the liver, kidney, spleen, and skeletal muscle were 0.024; 0.130; 0.089 and 0.023 mg/kg, respectively. Reference intervals for the liver are 0.004-0.043 and for the spleen - 0.030-0.145 mg/kg. The most significant range of variability is characteristic of the kidneys of pigs. A considerable uniformity is typical of the liver and skeletal muscles. Using the Kruskal-Wallis test, it was established that the accumulation of stable strontium significantly differs in the examined organs and tissues of pigs (H = 68.9, df = 3, p < 0.0001). Pairwise comparison showed significant differences for the kidney-liver, spleen-liver, skeletal muscle-kidney, and skeletal muscle-spleen pairs. Two clusters were identified according to the similarity of strontium accumulation: liver and skeletal muscles, kidneys and spleen. The calcium-strontium ratio, taking into account medians, for skeletal muscles was 1:1833, and for the liver - 1:1870. The established results can serve as an approximate physiological norm for the concentration of stable strontium in individual structures of the organism of Landrace pigs under the conditions of Western Siberia.

This study aims to study the biochemical and morphological parameters of the blood of cows with subclinical mastitis. Experimental studies were conducted at Selyana LLC (Kuzbassky village, Kemerovo district, Kemerovo region) in 2021–2022. For this experiment, 12 cows were selected. Animals were divided into experimental (sick) and control (healthy) - 6 goals in each group. Animals were chosen according to the pair-analogues method, considering their live weight, breed, age at calving, milk yield, fat milk content, and physiological state. Body temperature was measured with a mercury thermometer with a scale graduated in Celsius from 34 to 42 ºС. The measurements were carried out for 5 min. The pulse rate was determined on the external maxillary artery for a minute. The number of exhalations calculated the frequency of respiratory movements. The same feeding and maintenance were organised for two groups of animals, i.e., they were in their usual conditions. In animals, after diagnostic tests for mastitis, blood was taken to study biochemical and morphological parameters. In sick animals, hyperproteinemia (87.43±0.82 g/l), low calcium content (87.43±0.82 g/l), and an increase in the level of phosphatase (156.15±0.50 U/l) were noted. In cows with mastitis, the number of leukocytes increased to 14.06 ± 2.29 × 1012/l. The average haemoglobin concentration in the erythrocyte was 27.77±0.43 in the control group and 27.87±0.21 g/dl in the experimental group. When studying the leukogram, the number of monocytes in the control group was 2.23±1.51, and in the group of animals with mastitis - 3.47±1.71%.

Antler reindeer breeding is an industry for breeding red deer, and the most economically valuable species is maral. Currently, two regions are cultivating the primary livestock in the Russian Federation - the Republic of Altai and the Altai Territory. The growth of antlers and their biological properties depend on the physiological status of the deer organism, which is determined by analysing the biochemical composition of blood serum. The experimental part of the study was conducted in the production conditions of the maral breeding farm of Shagym LLC in 2023. During the study, the authors found a decrease in liver enzymes (AST, ALT, alkaline phosphatase) by the age of 12 in maral-stag by 32%, 22% and 10%, respectively. The most intensive protein metabolism was determined in stags at 7–8 years. During the analysis of the glucose level in stags, depending on age, an increase in carbohydrate metabolism from 4–6 to 7–8 years old by 4% is noted, and from middle-aged to senior animals, it decreases by 4%. The triglyceride amount in the blood serum from 4 to 8 years increases by 11% and then reduces by 13% by 12 years. An increase in cholesterol content was found in stags aged 9–12 years; the difference between 4–6 and 7–8-year-olds was 14 and 7%, respectively. As a result of the study, the higher calcium content in the blood serum of young male marals was revealed - 3.59 mmol/l. The difference between the middle group was 20% and the adult 7.5%. The level of phosphorus in the blood serum of old (9–12 years old) and young stags (4–6 years old) is in the same range and is 1.4 mmol/l, which is 4% more than in the middle age group (7–8 years old)). The research results demonstrate the need to study the biochemical composition of blood serum to assess animals’ physiological status and metabolism and timely eliminate damaging violations in case of non-compliance with normative age indicators.

Currently, selective selection takes into account gene polymorphisms associated not only with multiple pregnancies (growth differentiation factor 9 (GDF-9), bone morphogenetic protein receptor (BMPR-IB), etc.) but also with milk parameters (β-lactoglobulin (β-lg), αS1-casein) and meat (myostatin (MSTN), calpastatin (CAST), calpain (CAPN1)) productivity. Thus, genes associated with the transforming growth factor began to be monitored to improve reproductive performance in sheep breeding: BMP-15, GDF-9, and BMPR-IB. Genetic markers related to animal reproduction are exciting, with several productive indicators and other evaluation criteria that have not been previously studied. Work on the relationship of animal gene inheritance with biochemical, haematological, environmental and zootechnical indicators is particularly relevant. In this paper, we consider genotypic variability in Romanov sheep for the BMP-15 gene locus, which belongs to the genes of the β-growth factor family. The distribution of genotypes in sheep of the Romanov breed in the conditions of Western Siberia was as follows: for ewes, the frequencies of genotypes WW–25%, WM–75, and MM–0%; for sheep - 0, 80 and 20%, respectively. All three genotypes (WW, WM, and MM) were identified in the studied sheep. The results differ from the data obtained in several other works on foreign sheep breeds (short-tailed sheep Khan, Awassi, Barki, Ossimi, Rahmani, etc.). It is interesting to study the BMP-15 locus further to establish its associations with biochemical and haematological parameters and the hormonal status of sheep.

The authors in the article presented the results of assessing the immune response of guinea pigs using the protective protein of the bovine respiratory syncytial infection virus (RSI), obtained using recombinant E. coli BRSV-F1. The research was carried out in the branch laboratory of veterinary biotechnology and infectious animal diseases of the Vitebsk Order of the Badge of Honor of the State Academy of Veterinary Medicine. The average titer of specific antibodies of guinea pigs to the use of the protective protein of the bovine RSI virus was studied in 9 experimental groups and one control group. Blood sampling was carried out at the beginning of the experiment, before the second immunisation and 14 days after the second immunisation. The average titer of specific antibodies to the use of the protective protein of the bovine RSI virus was determined using an indirect hemagglutination reaction with an erythrocyte diagnosticum containing the bovine respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). With the introduction of samples of the prototype vaccine containing the gene encoding the production of the bovine RSI virus protein: group 1 - whole bacteria E. coli BRSV-F1 with an inducer of protein synthesis IPTG; 2nd, whole bacteria E. coli BRSV-F1 with protein synthesis inducer IPTG + 15% adjuvant IZA-15; 3rd, bacterial lysate E. coli BRSV-F1 with an inducer of protein synthesis IPTG; 4th – E. coli bacterial lysate BRSV-F1 with protein synthesis inducer IPTG + 15% adjuvant IZA-15; 5th - protective protein F1 + 15% adjuvant IZA-15; 6th - protective protein F1 + 2% cellulose, 7th - inactivated bovine RSV (JSC «Belvitunipharm») + 15% adjuvant IZA15; 8th - Hiprabovis 4 vaccines (HIPRA, Spain) and 9th - Bovi-shield Gold FP 5 L5 vaccines (Zoetis, USA) - in the experimental groups, an increase in antibody titer in paired blood sera was noted compared to the control group. From the data obtained, it was concluded that the studied samples of the vaccine prototype containing the gene encoding the production of the bovine RSV protein are not inferior in immunogenic activity to the vaccines Bovishield Gold FP 5 L5 and Hiprabovis 4. Therefore, the protective protein of the bovine RSI virus can be included in the composition of vaccines against this pathology to replace the cultural virus.

The development and application of modern technological methods of rearing, as well as the improvement and introduction into the production of new devices for servicing calves, is one of the main directions for further improving the technologies for keeping dairy cattle and increasing milk production. The work aimed to intensify the milk production of red dairy cows by enhancing the technological methods of maintenance and growing replacement heifers. The authors have made an experimental sample for the scientific and economic experiments. The device (box) was tested on calves, and the modes of drying the surface of their body from amniotic fluid and mucus were optimised. The parameters of its practical operation were established. The use of the proposed device for warming and drying newborn calves makes it possible to reduce the physical labour costs of operators for servicing newborn calves, especially those born weak and with low viability, to reduce their incidence of respiratory infectious diseases by 10–20%, to reduce the cost of medicines, and to minimise the level of stress load on newborns, which contributes to the preservation of their physical strength in the first hours after birth and intensifies growth, development and payment for feed by gains in live weight during the milk growing period. The studies have established that these technological solutions in cultivating replacement heifers contribute to increased product characteristics.

The creation of new drugs and feed additives is an urgent task that contributes to the growth of the efficiency of the livestock and poultry industries of agriculture, especially during the period of import substitution in the Russian Federation. An experimental study of possible changes in the body of laboratory animals after single or multiple uses of new feed additives is necessary for the toxicological assessment of newly created products. Single intragastric administration of feed additive Endoforce Multi containing live vegetative cells and spores of cultures: Bacillus subtilis B-5449, Bacillus subtilis B-1323, Bacillus subtilis B-3679 - 5.0 109 CFU / ml, at a dose many times higher than recommended, did not lead to the death of laboratory animals, which confirmed the absence of its acute toxicity. Over the entire observation period, the authors did not note any disturbances in the rats’ behavioural reactions and physiological states. Determination of chronic toxicity was carried out for 30 days. The studied suspension of the feed additive was given with water to rats of the experimental groups at doses: 1st - 100 mg, 2nd - 150 mg and 3rd - 200 mg per head. At the end of the empirical study, an increase in the number of erythrocytes by 2.68–3.72 1012/l, haemoglobin - by 41.50–61.58 g/l in laboratory animals of the experimental groups compared with the control ones was revealed, which indicated an increase in blood oxygenation and the organism as a whole. In addition, in the rats of the experimental groups, a decrease in the content of urea in the blood to 3.14 ± 0.53 - 4.68 ± 0.41 mmol / l and creatinine to 32.26 ± 5.18 - 48.13 ± 6.23 µmol/l. The opposite trend was observed when determining the serum activity of alkaline phosphatase, which increased by 39.0–52.6% in intact individuals, which indicated dynamic processes of growth, formation and development of the skeleton. According to the results of the autopsy of the rats of the studied groups, regardless of the dose of the introduction of the feed additive Endoforce Multi, no pathological changes in the colour, consistency and size of the internal organs were registered.

Kidney disease in pets is the most common problem that pet owners come to the veterinary clinic for. With age, the likelihood of kidney disease in domestic cats increases. It has been found that 20 to 50% of household cats older than 15 suffer from chronic renal failure. The authors studied chronic kidney disease of domestic cats in the metropolitan metropolis at the Monino veterinary clinic. The total sample consisted of 85 cats, of which, after clarification of the diagnosis (biochemical tests), experimental (n = 37) and control groups (n = 37) were formed. According to clinical analysis, the latter was assigned to a conditionally healthy group. The mean age of healthy cats in the control group was 4.95±0.22 years (median five years), and that of cats in the experimental group with renal insufficiency was 8.92±0.53 (median nine years). Ultrasound examination of the kidneys of domestic cats with chronic renal failure revealed diseases such as nephritis with a frequency of 32.4%, glomerulonephritis - 27.1, urolithiasis - 21.6 and pyelonephritis - 18.9%. Frequent clinical symptoms in domestic cats were: loss or lack of appetite - 54.1%, vomiting - 32.4%, pollakiuria with strangiuria - 10.8%, and lethargy - 10.8%. Thus, ultrasound diagnostics showed high information content in detecting renal failure in domestic cats. The diagnostic efficiency reached 97%. The ultrasound method has established itself as safe, painless and comfortable for a pet when examining the abdominal organs.

The authors studied the leading indicators of the cholesterol profile of high-density lipoproteins (HDL-C), low-density lipoproteins (LDL-C) and total cholesterol (TC) in Black-and-White, Red Steppe and Holstein breeds of the second or third lactation, bred in large livestock farms—complexes on the territory of Western Siberia. Metabolism and concentration of lipid complexes of cholesterol status play a cardinal role in the homeostasis of cellular metabolic processes. The critical role of serum lipoproteins in cholesterol metabolism is well recognised, as is their role as predictors of cardiovascular disease. At the same time, the atherogenic effect of LRN-C is associated with the transfer of fatty acids, which act as energy substrates for ATP synthesis. Anti-atherogenic properties characterise HDL-C and have an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effect. The concentration of HDL-C - was determined by the precipitation method of phosphotungstic acid with magnesium chloride; the level of LDL-C - by the enzymatic colourimetric direct method, total cholesterol - by the process of enzymatic hydrolysis and oxidation of CHOD-PAP using reagent kits “HDL-Cholesterol-Novo”, “LDLCholesterol-Novo-A”, “Cholesterol-Novo” (“Vector-Best, Russia. The content of OH and LDL-C in the blood serum of cows at the age of the second or third lactation bred in Western Siberia is higher than the generally accepted standard values, which reflects a different degree of adaptation to climatic conditions. Ranked series of breeds (p < 0.05) according to LDL-C: black-and-white → Holstein → red steppe, medians were 4.91; 2.77 and 2.24 mmol/l, respectively. Differences between the indicators of HDL-C and LDL-C in Black-and-White, Red Steppe and Holstein cows were established, which indicates the genetic determination of the level of lipoproteins in the blood serum. The strength of the influence of the cow breed factor on the level of HDL-C in blood serum was 29%, LDL-C - 17%.

The authors in the article presented the results of determining the effectiveness of using the chitosan-ß-cyclodextrin complex with levofloxacin in the healing of mechanical wounds of valuable commercial fish sturgeons and their feeding. The experiment was conducted based on the “Progressive biotechnologies in aquaculture” research laboratory of the Saratov State University of Genetics, Biotechnology and Engineering. N.I. Vavilov. The microflora of incised wounds and the large intestine of sturgeon fingerlings under the influence of fluoroquinolone, represented by levofloxacin based on cyclodextrin, included in the shell of high-molecular chitosan, was studied. The studied microbiological indicators were chosen to determine that changes in the total number of microorganisms show the nature of the course of the inflammatory/pathological process, which contributes to the development of microorganisms (including opportunistic pathogens) and lactic acid bacteria in the intestine. Therefore, they are essential physiological indicators of the formation of “ intestinal immunity. It was found that the use of cyclodextrin with levofloxacin in the treatment of incised wounds in sturgeons leads to a significant decrease in the total microbial number (TMC) on their surface (by 10 thousand times compared to the group without treatment). It has been shown that using cyclodextrin with levofloxacin in feeding sturgeons reduces the total microbial number in the large intestine. This complex is characterised by good solubility and bioavailability for fish. The future study results can be used in aquaculture to treat mechanical injuries received during transportation and sorting in the rearing process in fish.