The paper presents the results of a study on the content of free amino acids, including essential ones, vitamins C and P, biologically important macro- and microelements in table grapes of the middle ripening varieties Ag raisins, Vezne, Galan, Hamburg Muscat and Samur, cultivated on the plain in Southern Dagestan Region. The qualitative composition and quantitative content of free amino acids were determined by HPLC on an AAA-881 analyzer. Amino acids tryptophan, cystine and methionine were identified by paper chromatography due to the fact that they decompose when exposed to a temperature of 102 ° C in the amino analyzer reactor. The mass concentration of vitamin C was identified titrimetrically, vitamin P was identified colorimetrically (FEK-56M, Russia), the mineral composition of grapes was identified by flame and atomic absorption photometry using Flapho-4 (Germany) and Hitachi-208 (Japan) devices. Each of the varieties had 18 amino acids, including a full set of essential ones. The total number of detected amino acids was 368.5 (Ag raisins) - 279.9 mg / dm³ (Vezne), and irreplaceable ones - from 103.8 (Hamburg muscat) to 132.4 mg / dm³ (Ag raisins). All experimental grape samples contained vitamins C, from 2.6 (Galan) to 3.7 mg / dm³ (Ag raisins) and P - from 78.0 (Samur) to 131.3 mg / dm³ (Galan), as well as physiologically important minerals. Studies have shown that in terms of the amount of free amino acids, including essential vitamins C and P, healthy minerals, such grapes as Ag raisins, Vezne, Galan, Hamburg and Samur Muscat, grown in the south of Dagestan are natural products with functional properties. Eating it fresh contributes to the normalization of metabolic processes in the human body. Additionally, these grapes can be successfully used as a raw material for the production of multicomponent functional food.

The purpose of the research is to identify promising samples of spring barley from the VIR collection in terms of yield, parameters of the adaptive capacity of individual productivity elements and grain quality for use in creating a new breeding material adapted to the extreme conditions of Eastern Siberia. When studying the VIR collection in the conditions of Eastern Siberia for the first time, barley samples were identified according to the parameters of the adaptive ability of individual elements of productivity and yield, grain quality indicators, which are involved in crosses with local varieties. With the participation of these samples, 100 hybrid combinations were created. The studies were carried out in 2014-2017 on the experimental field of the Krasnoyarsk Research Institute of Agriculture, located in Eastern Siberia on ordinary low-power black soils, according to generally accepted methods. Agrometeorological conditions during the years of research were contrasting. It has been established that the highest grain productivity was formed by the variety Abalak (Krasnoyarsk Territory, Tyumen Region), Vaughn C.I. 11367 (k-17835, USA), Kindred (k-18048, USA), Codac (k-30874, Canada), Etienne (k-30875, Canada), Diamond (k-29192, Canada), AC Albright (k- 30601, Canada), Ubagan (k-30776, Chelyabinsk region.), Bagrets (k-30988, Sverdlovsk region), Talan (k-46502) and Tanay (Novosibirsk region), Abalak (Krasnoyarsk Territory, Tyumen region), AC Albright (k-30601, Canada), Cirstin (k- 29988, Germany), Talan (k-46502, Novosibirskaya region), Tarsky 3 (k-30719, Omsk region). In the selection of varieties of an intensive type, samples of North America, Scandinavia, Germany, Ukraine, Belarus, Kazakhstan and some regions of Russia were of interest. To increase the amount of protein in grain during crop farming, samples from Germany, Yugoslavia, Dagestan, Altai Territory and Chelyabinsk Region had an advantage. Some samples from Canada, Chelyabinsk, Novosibirsk and Altai Regions were identified based on the gross collection of protein per unit area. Samples from Canada, Finland, Sweden, as well as Novosibirsk and Omsk Regions were characterized by high grain quality.

In field experiments, five schemes of using drugs of different spectra of action were tested in order to reduce the chemical load on the potato biocenosis. Insufficient efficiency of using only biologicals in protecting potatoes from diseases is quite natural. Its use should be combined with chemical pesticides, reducing the number of chemical treatments, but not reducing the effectiveness in combating diseases and crop yields. The study of the effect of the biological product Kartofin as a disinfectant of potato tubers and a fungicide for the treatment of vegetative plants in comparison with the chemical preparations Emesto Quantum and Consento, the alternation of the biological product and chemical fungicides on the economic indicators of the Sante variety. According to the results of twoyear testing it was revealed that the biological product Kartofin and chemical preparations do not cause negative effect on the growth qualities of potatoes and on its immunity. The use of the biological product contributed to a decrease in the development and spread of rhizoctoniosis and alternaria, while being inferior in effectiveness to chemical drugs. Against the causative agent of late blight, the use of the biological product Kartofin was ineffective. At the same time, replacing one treatment with Kartofin during the period of closing the tops in rows for the Consento treatment enabled to reduce the degree of development of the disease by 2 times until the middle of the growing season. The use of the chemical fungicide Consento enabled to protect plants from late blight by the end of the growing season with an efficiency of up to 54.2%. The use of the biological product Kartofin during the growing season enabled to increase the yield by 6.8-7.9% (1.2-1.4 t / ha) compared to the control. The replacement of one treatment with Potato for the Consento treatment increased the yield by 14.1-16.9% (2.5-2.9 t / ha). The use of the chemical dressing agent Emesto Quantum followed by the processing of Consento plants increased the yield by 18.9% (3.3 t / ha). The treatment of seed tubers with Potato helped to obtain a crop free from rhizoctonia. Thus, the use of Kartofin as a disinfectant and fungicide for treatments during the growing season with the replacement of one treatment with Consento during the closing of the tops in a row increases the yield of standard products by 20.1%.

Increasing the yield of pea grain in agricultural production is an important task for modern agriculture in the Orenburg region. To expand it, long-term studies on the influence of weeds and ammophos on the yield of pea grain were carried out. The article presents the research results for 2002-2019 by weediness of crops, the content of macronutrients and the productivity of pea grain in six-field and two-field crop rotations. Among the main factors affecting the yield of pea grain such as the total number of weeds and the content of accumulated nutrients in the 0-30 cm, soil layer were considered. The total number of weeds on two nutritional backgrounds in the pea germination phase was from 102.0 to 137.0. During the ripening period, respectively, it was from 44.0 to 56.0 pcs / m². The maximum yield of pea grain is observed in crops after soft wheat with ammophos - 1.03 t / ha, without the use of fertilizer - 0.98 t / ha. The lowest yield of peas was obtained after durum wheat in a two-field crop rotation: according to the fertilized nutrition background - 0.76, unfertilized - 0.70 t / ha. As a result of statistical data processing in the third variant of the experiment (sowing peas after soft wheat in the aftereffect of a busy fallow), it was found that the increase in the productivity of pea grain slightly depended on the weediness of crops and the share of its influence ranged from 13.98 to 18.37%. However, the decrease in the yield of peas in the fifth variant of the experiment (sowing peas in alternation with durum wheat) was largely determined by weeds and the level of their influence was from 40.21 to 54.41%. The content of accumulated nitrate nitrogen and mobile phosphorus from ammophos before all sowing of peas in crop rotations ranged from 1.4 to 2.9 mg / 100 g of soil. The increase in pea grain from mineral fertilizers for 18 years, respectively, for all predecessors was 0.07; 0.05; 0.08 and 0.06 t / ha, except for the second variant of the experiment, where peas were sown after soft wheat in the aftereffect of black steam. The results of mathematical processing of the data on the increase in grain of peas show the effect of ammophos on the increase in grain by options in the range from 55.41 to 81.88%.

The aim of the research was to substantiate the need to take into account the factors that have a significant impact on the root rot infestation of spring wheat in the process of practical selection for resistance. The studies were carried out in 2019–2020 with the application of generally accepted and author’s methods. A systemic restructuring of work is needed to increase the efficiency of practical breeding for resistance to root rot. The damaging factor is cereal flies which “open the gates” to all soil phytopathogens after the tillering phase. It should be eliminated, and the ability of varieties to induce the suppression of rhizosphere soil to main phytopathogens should be taken into account. According to the results of two years of research, the smallest, within two biological thresholds of harmfulness (PV), the infestation by root rot at the germination phase was shown by the spring wheat varieties Novosibirskaia 15 and Manu. The development of root rot in comparison with the germination phase in 2019 increased by an average of 2.5, and in 2020 - by 5.6 times. There was an equalization of differences in damage between varieties during the growing season. In the germination phase, the coefficient of variation in the development of root rot by varieties was 24.1 ± 4.0, in the phase of maturity, it decreased 2.5 times to 9.4 ± 1.5. The main reason for smoothing out the differences between varieties in terms of root rot infestation was strong (up to 100%) damage by intra-stem pests. The economic threshold of harmfulness for damage to spring wheat stems by cereal flies was exceeded in 2019 up to 4.8 times, and in 2020 up to 7.8 times. The correlation coefficient between the development of root rot and damage by intra-stem pests in 2019 was R = 0.744 ± 0.185 (P <0.01), in 2020 R = 0.713 ± 0.092 (P <0.01). Analysis of variance showed that the power of the influence of the spatial arrangement of plants on their damage by cereal flies was 30.9% and was reliable at the 1% level, while the influence of the variety itself on this indicator was almost 2 times lower (16.8%) and was significant at the 5% level. The induction of soil suppression to phytopathogens by the rhizosphere of spring wheat varieties influenced their representation in the pathogenic complex of root rot. The correlation coefficient of induction by cultivars of suppressiveness to F. poae and its representation in pathogenic complexes was R = - 0.638 ± 0.318 and was significant at the 5% level. The correlation coefficient of induction of suppressiveness to F. oxysporum and its presence in pathogenic complexes of root rot of varieties was R = - 0.844 ± 0.203 (P <0.01).

An analysis of the productive qualities of mothers cows and their offspring, obtained from different fathers, showed that the contribution of parents to the formation of milk productivity is unequal. Intensive selection of bulls-producers leads to fixation of homozygotes at the loci associated with traits of milk production, which increases their influence on offspring. The strength of the influence of the father’s factor on milk yield, milk protein and live weight of daughters was 6, respectively; 14 and 16%. The productivity level of mothers did not significantly affect the productivity of their daughters. High-yielding offspring can be obtained from low-yielding cows. Daughters surpassed their mothers in milk yield, but inferior in fat milk. The proportion of deviation from the theoretically expected productivity of daughters (milk yield per 305 days), which is caused by the influence of the maternal genotype, in the groups of Auckland No. 426436885, Showman No. 831842 and Euclid No. 831491, respectively, was 15.8; 27.5 and 30.4%. The correlation coefficient between the milk yield of mothers and daughters was + 0.25 (p <0.05), and body weight correlated at the level of +0.3 (p <0.01). In the groups of daughters, butterfat is associated with milk yield (r = - 0.5) and milk protein (from +0.34 to +0.67). For mothers, the relationship between these indicators was lower. It is possible that half-siblings have stronger genetic links between traits than unrelated mothers. Genetic diversity in milk yield (h² = 0.6) and live weight (h² = 0.5) was established. Repeatability coefficients for fat and milk protein were at the level of 0.35. The productive potential of the breed depends on the combinational compatibility of the parents, their contribution to the formation of complex quantitative characteristics of productivity.

The results of studies on feeding biologically active additives suspensions of chlorella and Bactistatin in the diets of primates are presented. Its positive effect on the bioconversion of diets was experimentally established. The coefficients of digestibility of nutrients with dry chlorella and fishmeal in the composition of complete feed were determined. The obtained experimental data are important for the preparation of scientifically grounded and optimally balanced feeding rations, taking into account the digestibility of feed. This will optimally balance feed rations for all nutrients, while reducing feed costs and, as a result, increasing the profitability of keeping primates. It was found that the introduction of chlorella powder and fishmeal into the diet improves protein absorption by 6.83 and 5.66%, crude fat - by 2.61 and 3.92, crude fiber - by 4.78 and 4.25, NFES - by 4.15 and 2.26, crude ash - by 18.93 and 12.08%. The use of calcium and phosphorus macronutrients was higher in the 3rd experimental group, which received 14% chlorella in the main diet by 1.38 and 8.07%, respectively. In the 5th experimental group, which received 18.26% of the main ration of fishmeal, calcium was absorbed more efficiently by 4.77, and phosphorus - by 1.21%. The use of diet supplements in the form of a suspension of chlorella and Bactistatin helped to stimulate the bioconversion of nutrients in the diets used in the nursery for feeding monkeys, and enabled to maintain the main blood parameters within physiological norms.

The assessment of black-and-white, red steppe, and Simmental cattle, differentiated by milk fat was carried out. Three groups were formed: selection, production and marriage. The selection parameters are calculated using the standard deviation. The calculated parameters of selection of animals of the breeding group for milk fat in adult black-and-white cows are at least 179 kg, red steppe - 186, Simmental breed from the Novosibirsk region - 143, the Republic of Khakassia - 176 kg. Cows of the red steppe breeding group are leading in productivity. Their milk fat index is 216.8 kg (P ≥ 0.95). In animals of the black-and-white breed, the milk fat productivity is 193.2 kg. In the Simmental Republic of Khakassia it is 193.8, in the Novosibirsk region - 163.5 kg. Analysis of interbreed differences in cows of breeding groups shows that animals of the black-and-white breed surpass their peers in chest width behind the shoulder blades, milk yield and milk production index. Animals of the red steppe breed are the best in milk fat, live weight, width in shanks, oblique body length, oblique rear length, chest girth, milk fat content. Simmental cows bred in the Novosibirsk region lead over their peers in height at the withers, and Simmental cows in Khakassia - in height at the sacrum, chest depth, cannon girth, assessment of the exterior. Evaluation of the production groups of animals for milk fat allows to note that the selection group of the black-and-white breed, despite the superiority in milk yield, is inferior to the peers of the red steppe and Simmental in terms of the evaluated character. However, the cows of the black-and-white breed of the production group surpass their peers in milk fat and most other signs. The formation of breeding groups for milk fat enables to note the consolidation of the black-and-white breed in terms of productive and exterior characteristics. The Red Steppe and Simmental breeds have a high potential for improvement. These breeding groups are worthy of competing with the contemporaries of the black-andwhite breed in milk fat productivity.

The assessment of the gene pool and phenofund of agricultural breeds is an issue in livestock breeding. The accuracy of molecular genetic methods is much higher than phenotypic observation in order to improve breeds. It is necessary to establish relationship between the genotype and the desired trait for their successful application. Therefore, the purpose of our study was to study the relationship of genotypes at the β-Lg locus with some biochemical blood parameters in Romanov sheep. The relationship of genotypes at the β-Lg locus with the amount of albumin, urea and uric acid in Romanov sheep was studied. On a population of 23 sheep of the Romanov breed, we studied the polymorphism of the β-lactoglobulin gene. Blood sampling was carried out from sheep according to standard methods. The analysis was performed in the laboratory of ecological and veterinary genetics and biochemistry of the Novosibirsk State Agrarian University. Standard kits for biochemical studies were used for the analysis. The level of biochemical parameters was determined using a Photometer 5010 V5 + biochemical analyzer. DNA isolation was carried out according to the standard procedure. To establish genotypes, the PCR-RFLP method was used. It was found that in the Siberian population of Romanov sheep the β-LGA allele is more common than β-LGB. In homozygous B / B animals, the albumin concentration was 1.2 times higher (P <0.05) than in individuals with the A / A genotype. No relationship was found between the β-Lg genotypes and the amount of urea and uric acid in the blood.

The effect of the combined use of homobiotics and probiotics with fluorinated quinolones on the change in the parameters of protein metabolism in geese is considered. Under the influence of schemes of use, including Vetom 13.1, Baytril and Vetom 1, there is no visible increase in the concentration of protein in the blood serum. When using a higher dosage of homobiotic at the beginning of the experiment, a decrease in this indicator is observed. When Baytril is withdrawn from this scheme and the homobiotic is replaced with a probiotic, the protein concentration in the blood serum does not decrease. During the research it was found that Baytril suppresses the protein-synthesizing potential of probionts Vetom 13.1 and Vetom 1. In geese of all experimental groups an increase in the concentration of albumin in the blood serum occurs. The most visible change was recorded when Vetom 13.1 was used together at a dosage of 50 mg / kg with Baytril and Vetom 1 at a similar dose. Regardless of the use of Baytril, the combination of Vetom 15.1 and Vetom 1.2 leads to an increase in the concentration of urea in the blood serum of geese, and Vetom 15.1 without other preparations increases this indicator only with cyclic use. The study of the schemes of using Vetom 13.1 shows that the concentration of urea is highly variable in its various combinations with other drugs. We found individual differences in the effect of Vetom 13.1 on the geese organism.

The aim of the work is to analyze the efficiency of using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in the diagnosis of cattle leukemia when carrying out health-improving measures in livestock enterprises that are unfavorable for this disease. Indicators of infection of cattle with leukemia virus on 6 farms of agricultural enterprises of the Tomsk region are presented. For serological diagnostics, the immunodiffusion reaction and enzyme immunoassay were used. It has been established that while carrying out health-improving measures in enterprises unfavorable for leukemia in cattle, the use of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for serological diagnosis of the disease enabled to identify a greater number of seropositive animals in comparison with a low-sensitivity immunodiffusion reaction. With a decrease in the herd infection rate to single cases of detection of animals infected with the leukemia virus at the final stages of rehabilitation of the enterprise, the number of additional seropositive animals detected by enzyme immunoassay increases. In the final period of herd recovery, the number of animals with a low level of antibodies to the leukemia virus, inaccessible to detection by immunodiffusion, increases. The use of an expensive and labor-consuming delivery of an enzymelinked immunosorbent assay to detect antibodies to the cattle leukemia virus is advisable at the final stages of an enterprise’s recovery. This enables to identify animals with a low level of antibodies to the leukemia virus, to speed up the negative result of a serological test of the entire herd and to exclude repeated outbreaks of infection of animals with this virus in a rehabilitated enterprise.

Scientific publications describe the positive effect of feed additives and pharmacological complexes on metabolic processes in the body of broiler chickens, in particular, on the protein composition of the blood, meat productivity and protein accumulation in meat. The Peak-Antistress feed additive developed at the Department of Morphology, Physiology and Pharmacology of the South Ural State Agrarian University allows to reduce the technological load on the poultry body by stimulating the general metabolism and complex antioxidant action. Experiments on the use of the feed additive Peak-Antistress were carried out on broiler chickens of the final hybrid of the Arbor Acres cross in an industrial-type poultry farm with floor technology. The poultry was divided into three groups of 6,000 chickens each and kept in one workshop in separate sections. The control group received the main diet, the 1st experimental group received the main diet and feed additive at a dose of 1269 g / t of feed 5 days before slaughter, the 2nd experimental group received the main diet and feed additive at a dose of 1693 g / t of feed 5 days before slaughter. Slaughter of broiler chickens was carried out according to the technological instructions of the enterprise on the 38th day. Against the background of the use of the feed additive in the experimental groups of broiler chickens, stimulation of protein metabolism was observed, as evidenced by an increase in total protein in the blood by 7.9–20.1%, an increase in the level of protein in white meat by 0.1–0.3%, and a tendency to an increase in amino acids in white meat protein by 0.2–12.3%.

Contamination of the food chain with heavy metals has become an urgent problem in recent years due to their potential accumulation in biosystems and is related to increased anthropogenic impact. This study assessed the levels of cadmium, lead, copper and zinc in cattle from the Novosibirsk, Krasnozersk, and Maslyanino regions of the Novosibirsk region and the Tselinny region of the Altai region. The aim of the study is to assess the influence of the ecological and geographical factors on the content of heavy metals in the spleen of Hereford gobies. Spleen samples were taken from 31 clinically healthy Hereford bulls aged 16-18 months. Sample preparation was carried out in accordance with GOST 26929-94 and 30178- 96. The determination of the chemical composition of the samples was carried out by atomic absorption spectrometry with flame and electrothermal atomization. The median values for the content of copper, zinc, lead and cadmium in the spleen of bull calves bred in Krasnozersky, Maslyaninsky, Novosibirsk and Tselinny regions were in the range of 1.6-1.8; 21.0-22.4; 0.06-1.45; 0.01-0.09 mg / kg. The phenotypic variability of the level of copper and zinc was relatively low, while that of lead and cadmium was high. The influence of the ecological and geographical factor was characteristic only for the level of cadmium. Significant differences in the concentration of cadmium in the spleen in animals raised in the Maslyanino region from those bred in the Krasnozersk and Novosibirsk regions were revealed. For copper, zinc and lead reference intervals were calculated - 0.60-2.92; 17.2-26.0; 0.019-0.218 mg / kg, respectively. They can serve as a rough guideline for Hereford cattle bred in the Krasnozersk, Novosibirsk, Maslyanino districts of the Novosibirsk region and the Tselinny district of the Altai region.

The comparative effect of the combined drugs Feliferon and Azoksivet and the drug Globfel-4 for rhinotracheitis in felines on hematological parameters of white blood was studied. In our study on the treatment of viral rhinotracheitis, 16 cats were examined. During the experiment, all cats showed the following clinical signs: lethargy, fever, leakage from the eyes and nasal passages. The animals were kept in separate cages in accordance with the European Convention for the Protection of Vertebrates. The control group was given 1 ml subcutaneously, once a day every other day, with a course of 7 injections, immunoglobulin against rhinotracheitis, calicivirus and chlamydia - Globfel-4. The experimental group was treated with drugs Azoxivet intramuscularly in a course of 7 injections, once a day every other day, and Feliferon at a dose of 400,000 IU intramuscularly, once a day. The course of treatment was 7 days. Blood sampling was performed from the anterior saphenous vein of the forearm before and after therapy. The concentration of erythrocytes and hemoglobin was determined on an automatic hematology analyzer Mindray BC-2800. When treating cats with rhinotracheitis with Globfel-4, pronounced leukocytosis, absolute and relative lymphocytosis were noted. With the combined use of Azoxivet and Feliferon, these blood changes do not occur. When treating cats with rhinotracheitis with Globfel-4 or the combined use of Azoxivet and Feliferon, the absolute concentrations of monocytes and granulocytes increase within the physiological norm. The relative concentrations of these white blood phrases increase within the physiological norm only with the combined use of Azoxivet and Feliferon.

The effect of the drug Fungin Forte in combination with the probiotic drug Vetom 1 was studied in the complex therapy of feline microsporia. 2 groups of 5 cats each with a diagnosis of microsporia and the same initial size of alopecia were formed. Cats of the control and experimental groups were given a combined antifungal drug Fungin Forte, applying it for 21 days in a thin layer on the affected areas 2 times a day, rubbing from the periphery to the center. The experimental group cats were additionally given the probiotic preparation Vetom 1 inside at a dose of 50 mg / kg for 20 consecutive days. The therapeutic efficacy of the treatment of feline microsporia was assessed by reducing the severity of clinical signs of dermatomycosis by measuring alopecia and plotting changes in their size. Blood sampling was performed from the anterior saphenous vein of the forearm before and after therapy. The concentration of erythrocytes and hemoglobin was measured on a Mindray BC-2800 automatic hematology analyzer. It was found that Vetom 1 increases the concentration of hemoglobin in the blood and the number of erythrocytes within the physiological norm, which helps to improve the general condition of animals during therapy with Fungin Forte. When using Vetom 1 against the background of using the drug Fungin Forte, the resistance of the organism of animals of the experimental group increases, the process of restoring the skin barrier and reducing alopecia on the coat is accelerated, which is directly proportional to the decrease in the amount of the pathogen on the skin.

The paper presents studies aimed at studying the effect of the introduction of different doses of a tissue biostimulant on protein metabolism in replacement young cattle. Scientific and economic experience was carried out in 2020 on the basis of JSC “Uchkhoz” Prigorodnoye “Industrial District of Barnaul, Altai region. For the experiment, four groups of heifers of the Ob type of black-and-white breed were formed at the age of one month, similar in live weight (47.5 kg). Animals of the control group were injected subcutaneously with physiological solution at a dose of 3 ml / bird, in the 1st experimental group - a tissue biostimulator at a dose of 2 ml / bird, in the 2nd experimental group - 3 ml / bird, in the 3rd - 4 ml / bird No abscesses were observed at the injection site of the tissue preparation. The tissue biostimulator is made from antler deer slaughter waste in an ultrasound field. It consisted of the placenta, uterus with fetuses, liver, lymph nodes of the mesentery and mediastinum. In the course of the experiment, it was found that the optimal dose of tissue biostimulant application should be considered 3 ml / head, which contributes to an increase in the total protein content in blood serum by 2.1% (P≤0.05), albumin - by 1.0 (P≤ 0.05), β-globulins - by 2.8 (P≤0.05), AST – by 5.8 (P≤0.05)), ALT - by 11.5% (P≤0.05)

One of the most important environmental issues is the pollution of water basins with chemicals, in particular with heavy metals, which do not dissolve in water, and pass through the food chain into the body of aquatic organisms, and then the final consumer, humans. The features of the content of copper and zinc, their variability in the scales of pike perch (Sander lucioperca) of the Novosibirsk reservoir were studied. 33 samples of scales were taken for analysis. The concentration of the studied metals was measured applying the atomic emission spectral method with inductively coupled plasma on an iCAP-6500 spectrometer from Thermo Scientific. A high phenotypic variability in the concentration of copper and zinc in pike perch scales was found. It was revealed that the concentration of copper in the scales of the pike perch of the Novosibirsk reservoir is 1.8 times lower than in the muscles, and the content of zinc is 4.8 times higher. The extreme ratio for copper was 1:24, for zinc 1:6. The content of zinc and copper was in a ratio of 48:1. The average population values of the concentration level of copper (1.69 mg / kg) and zinc (93.3 mg / kg) in the scales of the pike perch of the Novosibirsk reservoir were established. A high level of positive correlation (r = 0.859) was revealed between essential elements. The obtained data on the level of copper and zinc concentration in scales can be used as reference values. The distribution of heavy metals in zander scales is uneven. Expansion of parameters for assessing living organisms by chemical composition enables to assess more accurately the interior of animals. The data obtained can be used for intravital assessment of the interior of zander and in environmental studies. There is a tendency towards an increase in the level of heavy metals in the water body of the Novosibirsk Reservoir.

The work was carried out in the Amur region at the Belogorsk poultry farm. In the period from 2015 to 2019, five experiments were carried out taking into account the seasonality. The aim of the study was to identify the influence of the spectral composition of light sources on the pubertation of replacement young egg chickens at the age of 15 weeks: the development of the pineal gland, pituitary gland and genital organs of the youngs. The study on replacement young egg crosses of Hisex White and Decalb White chickens was carried out. In the breeding workshop, four groups of day-old chickens were formed, 200 heads each. From one day of age to 15 weeks, young birds were kept under light of different colors in conditions of gradually decreasing daylight hours from 24 to 12 hours a day and an illumination level from 50-30 to 7-6 lux. White, yellow, green and blue compact fluorescent lamps were used as light sources. In young birds at the age of 30, 60 and 90 days, the live weight was determined by weighing 100 heads from each group. A 15-week-old bird was bled for β-estradiol content at a random selection of 30 birds from each group. For anatomical examination, 5 pullets from each group were sacrificed at the age of 15 weeks, taking into account the body weight required by the norm. The absolute mass of the pineal gland, pituitary gland, ovary, oviduct was determined in the bird, the length of the oviduct was measured. Regardless of the season of the year, the live weight of 90-day-old young in groups under white and yellow illumination had the upper values of the norm, with green and blue it could be at its lower border. Under white and yellow illumination, pullets at 15 weeks of age have higher serum β-estradiol levels. At anatomical examination in 15-week-old chickens under white and yellow lamps, the absolute mass of the pineal gland is less by 10.5 - 41.7% than under green and blue ones, and the mass of the pituitary gland, on the contrary, is more by 4.8 - 8.3%. Pullets with different color illumination did not have significant differences in the mass of the ovary and oviduct, as well as the length of the oviduct, the level of development of which corresponded to a given age. Under white and yellow lighting, the first signs of the onset of puberty at 15 weeks of age are slightly more pronounced than under green and blue light sources.