The aim of the work was to study the prevalence, development, and species composition of asparagus vigna (Vigna unguiculata (L.)Walp.) rot pathogens in the south of Western Siberia. The research was conducted in the spring-summer film greenhouse of the Central Siberian Botanical Garden of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (CSBG) in 2018-2025. The research material was the vigna cultivar Sibirskiy razmer. Varieties and accessions from the collection of the CSBG were additionally used to analyze the seeds of cowpeas. The conducted research showed that V.unguiculata accessions are highly susceptible to rot. During the growing season in Western Siberia, root rot, base rot, and fruit rot were observed on this crop. Root rot on cowpeas began to manifest itself from the seedling stage. Initially, the main root was affected, and then the disease spread to the lateral roots and eventually to the base of the plant. The disease developed in the 2-3 leaf phase on the central root, reaching 50%. The rot appeared on the base of the cowpea plants somewhat later than on the underground organs. Most often, the rot appeared on the base during the flowering phase. The prevalence reached 100%. The rot was caused by the following phytopathogenic fungi: Fusarium sporotrichioides, Fusarium oxysporum, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, and Botrytis cinerea. Fusarium and white rot pathogens dominated on the underground organs and the base of the plant, and white and gray rot pathogens dominated on the fruits. When vigna accessions are affected by rot pathogens, other symptoms of diseases such as wilting, chlorosis, and necrosis may also appear on the plants. It has been found that rot pathogens are retained on (in) V. unguiculata seeds every year, which contributes to the persistence of phytopathogens from one year to the next.

The article presents the results of studies on the effect of artificially formed snow cover height (0, 10, 20, 30 (control), 50 cm) on the yield and winter hardiness of the selected form of winter garlic C-21 in the Far Eastern ecological and geographical zone. The studies were conducted in 2023–2025 at the experimental vegetable plot of the Siberian Research Institute of Vegetable Growing. A strong positive correlation has been established between the height of the snow cover and the studied characteristics: for yields in 2023–2024, it was (r = 0.812) (p < 0.05), in 2024–2025 – (r = 0.96) (p < 0.05), for the average bulb weight in 2023–2024 and 2024–2025 – (r = 0.907) (p < 0.05). The highest yields in 2024–2025 (1.71 kg/m²) and in 2024–2025 (2.1 kg/m²), as well as winter hardiness (94–95 %), were observed at a snow depth of 50 cm. A decrease in snow cover height to 10 cm led to a significant decrease in yield (1.0–1.11 kg/m²) and winter hardiness (52.5–55 %). In the absence of snow in 2023–2024, the plants froze completely, while in 2024–2025, under milder winter-spring conditions, the survival rate of the plants was 9 %. The analysis of soil temperature patterns confirmed the key role of snow in maintaining a positive thermal balance during the winter season. For guaranteed overwintering of winter garlic in the study region, the critical minimum level of snow cover is 20–30 cm. To ensure high yields of winter garlic, it is recommended to carry out snow retention measures. The warming in the Priobskaya forest-steppe is not accompanied by an increase in aridity, which creates favorable conditions for expanding the cultivation of winter crops.

The objective of the study was to investigate the most important economically valuable traits of pear scion-rootstock combinations in the arid conditions of the Northern Caspian region. The studies were conducted in 2023–2025. The growth and development characteristics of pear trees in combinations of different varieties and clonal rootstocks were studied, and the performance of pear scion-rootstock combinations in a young orchard was determined. In the studied scion-rootstock combinations, all pear varieties demonstrated high survival rates, reaching 86.8...100.0 %. The earliest vegetation (March 19) was observed in the summer varieties Krasivaya (k) in combination with the PG 17-16 rootstock, Nadezhda – PG-12, Moldavskaya rannyaya – PG-12. Early vegetative bud break began in the autumn variety Banketnaya (k) on March 21 on the PG 17-16 rootstock. The following varieties were characterized by intensive growth: Krasivaya (k) – 51.2 cm on the PG-2 rootstock, Nadezhda 41.6 cm on the Quince S rootstock, Moldavskaya rannyaya – 44.6 cm, Zimnyaya Mlievskaya – 71.2 cm on the PG-12 rootstock. In terms of trunk circumference increase, the best values were recorded for the summer variety Moldavskaya rannyaya on the PG-12 rootstock – 2.2 cm. The best growth of annual shoots reached 17.5 cm in combination with the Quince S rootstock and 17.3 cm with the PG-2 rootstock was noted for the Zimnyaya kuborevidnaya variety. The maximum calculated values of the crown projection area were noted for the varieties Zimnyaya kuborevidnaya (2.3 m2) and Tikhyi Don (2.2 m2) on the “cup-shaped” crown type variant. The analysis showed that the use of the “cup-shaped” pear shaping method on the semi-dwarf rootstock PG-12 gives the best results for the active shoot-forming ability of plants, where the total shoot growth was 58.4 cm per plant.

In the forest-steppe of Western Siberia, studies were conducted on the productivity of legumegrass mixtures of perennial grasses under different cover crops—barley and a grain legume mixture (oats, barley, wheat, peas, and vetch) (experiment No. 1). The grass mixture was developed and implemented at the educational farm of NGAU “Tulinskoye.” The studied cover crops were used for the production of grain silage. The structural characteristics of the barley stand and the grain legume mixture differed significantly. According to the results from two trials in 2007 and 2008, the density of the barley stand ranged from 189 to 201 plants/m². The density of the grasses in the grass-legume mixture was over 300 plants/m². Grass species in the mixtures were taller compared to barley in monoculture. For instance, the height of barley in the variant where the cover crop mixture included galega and costrzec was 60 cm, while in the grain mixture it was 80 cm. A similar difference was noted in other variants. The denser and taller stand of the grain legume mixture compared to barley accounts for the higher yield of the grain legume mixture, with values of 3.52 and 2.0 t/ha of absolute dry matter, respectively. However, the denser and taller stand of the grain mixture had a suppressive effect on the grass-legume mixtures of the cover crops. This had an impact on the yield of the perennial grass mixtures in the following years of their growth. Thus, on average, across the two trials in 2007 and 2008, the yield under the cover of the grain mixture was significantly lower than under the cover of barley. For instance, the yield of the alfalfa +bromus inermis mixture under barley as the cover crop was 4.42 t/ha of absolute dry matter, while under the grain mixture it was 3.91 t/ha. A slight difference was also observed in other grass mixtures. According to the data from the next experiment (experiment No. 2), where the productivity of perennial grass mixtures was studied under barley as the cover crop, the average results from the trials in 2017 and 2018 indicated that the productivity of the cover crop was higher with spring sowing. The productivity of perennial grasses in subsequent years is approximately the same with spring and summer sowing.

The article presents the results of a study of the effect of aqueous and alkaline extracts of zoocompost – a product of waste processing by black soldier fly larvae (Hermetia illucens) – on the vegetative growth, development and decorative characteristics of marigolds (Tagetes patula L. variety Bonanza orange). The experiment was conducted in greenhouse conditions (temperature +20…+26 °C, humidity 70–80 %) under chemoponics (a type of hydroponics) conditions on a coconut substrate. The zoocompost obtained from the excrement of larvae grown on wheat bran was characterized by a high content of organic matter (82.8 %), nitrogen (1.8 %), phosphorus and potassium, as well as the presence of humic acids (9.8 %) and beneficial microflora (mainly Bacillus spp.). The initial 10 % suspension was extracted with water or potassium hydroxide, then diluted to concentrations of 0.01–8.0 % and applied as a single root dressing. Filtered water served as a control. The results showed that both types of extracts significantly (p < 0.001) stimulated plant growth: at concentrations of 3.0–5.0 %, the shoot weight increased by 160% relative to the control, inflorescence formation accelerated (by 8–10 days), the number of buds increased (up to 16 pcs. versus 8 in the control) and their total mass. A concentration of 1.0 % was recognized as optimal for improving decorative qualities (flower diameter up to 6.2 cm). The alkaline extract demonstrated more predictable efficiency (r = 0.89–0.91 for the relationship between concentration and shoot and inflorescence weight). Concentrations above 5.0% inhibited flowering, reducing the flower diameter to control values (3.5–4.0 cm).

For the first time, an assessment of the growth activity of ornamental shrubs of different flowering periods in subarid Mediterranean subtropics is given. Data on the growing season of some types of ornamental shrubs are provided. The percentage of growth of annual shoots to the total increase at the end of the growth activity is indicated. The timing of flowering of ornamental shrubs is given and the relationship between the timing of flowering and the stability of species is emphasized. The growth rate is indicated depending on the dates of the growing season. The dates of the second growth wave and their significance for ornamental shrubs have been revealed. The number of waves per growth season is taken into account. The relationship of changes in average temperatures to growth activity has been studied and the temperature regime for maximum growth of some winterhardy species of ornamental shrubs has been indicated. The fastest-growing species have been identified. The reasons for the heterogeneity of growth in different groups of species are substantiated. The analysis of the growth activity of species was carried out using the method of calculating the first derivative of growth. Attention is drawn to the peculiarities of growth over the years. An assessment of damage to the buds and shoots of ornamental shrubs at different degrees of hardening with subsequent exposure to low temperatures is given.

The content of volatile compounds in strawberries has a significant effect on the taste and fruit flavor. Most of the components of the strawberry fruit aromatic complex are controlled polygenically, while the biosynthesis of γ-decalactone and anthranilic acid methyl ester is controlled by the dominant FaFAD1 and FanAAMT genes. This study presents the results of a molecular genetic analysis of strawberry cultivars from the collection of the Department of plant introduction and acclimatization of the Udmurt Federal Research Center of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences to identify genotypes promising for fruit flavor breeding. 34 cultivars from the Fragaria × ananassa Duch collection of various ecological and geographical origin were used as biological objects. Allelic diversity of the FaFAD1 and FanAAMT genes were identified by polymerase chain reaction using the corresponding dominant DNA markers. The functional allele of the FaFAD1 gene was detected in 26.5 % of the genotypes studied: 4 varieties of Russian cultivars (Akvarel’, Darenka, Sudarushka, Krasnaya pchelka) and 5 – foreign (Cabrillo, Cisojee, Corona, Malling Pandora, Murano). The FanAAMT gene was detected in 16 cultivars, which accounted for 47.1 % of the total sample. Among the identified genotypes, 9 belonged to Russian cultivars (Altyn, Gordost’ Urala, Darenka, Lyubasha, Pervoklassnitsa, Torpeda, Festival’naya, Feyerverk, Tsaritsa) and 7 to foreign varieties (Cabrillo, Cisojee, Kimberly, Malling Pandora, Marmion, Olvia, Salsa). The analysis of pedigrees of varieties with identified genes of the fruit aromatic complex of strawberry has been carried out. Among the studied collection, the content of two functional gene alleles was characterized by the varieties Darenka, Cabrillo, Cisojee, Malling Pandora, which amounted to 11.8 % of the cultivars. It is these genotypes that are the most promising for use in the fruit flavor breeding program.

Periorbital neoplasms are the dominant oncological pathology in equine ophthalmology, which determines the relevance of systematizing current data on this issue. This review is devoted to the analysis and synthesis of modern ideas about the main nosological forms of eyelid tumors, including squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), sarcoid, hemangiosarcoma, lacrimal gland adenocarcinoma, as well as the clinically significant condition of ectopic cilia. The paper discusses in detail the interaction of etiological factors: ultraviolet radiation, viral agents (BPV, EcPV) and genetic predisposition, in particular the mutation in the DDB2 gene, which in recent years has been recognized as a key risk factor for the development of squamous cell carcinoma in a number of breeds. A comprehensive diagnostic algorithm is presented, including histopathological verification with the use of immunohistochemistry and instrumental imaging methods. The treatment section analyzes modern approaches: surgical excision with reconstructive blepharoplasty, electrochemotherapy, topical and intralesional chemotherapy, immunotherapy and cryosurgery. Special attention is paid to the need for a personalized approach and early intervention to improve the prognosis and preserve visual function in animals.

The research was conducted at the Laboratory of Reproduction and Adaptation of Farm Animals of the Siberian Federal Scientific Center for Agrobiotechnologies of the Russian Academy of Sciences (SFNCAB RAS), Krasnoobsk village. The authors have developed a new device for vibration massage of productive animals called “Amiga”, which is characterized by its small mass—650 g—and an autonomous power supply unit that ensures operation without recharging up to 10 hours. The design allows conducting vibration massage both in stationary conditions and in field settings. Sealing of the central power supply block, control units, and electromechanical vibrating blocks from materials suitable for processing with disinfectants meets sanitary requirements and enables use in livestock facilities under high humidity and dust levels. High reliability has been achieved through minimizing moving parts and locating electronic and mechanical components separately within different housings not mechanically connected to each other, thus preventing mechanical vibration impact on the electronics. The effectiveness of the device was confirmed during production trials: the volume of milk obtained manually after applying five minutes of vibration massage to the sacral-lumbar region exceeded the volume collected from cows without additional stimulation by 62.31% (p ≤ 0.01).

The object of the study were breeding animals of the Kazakh White-Headed breed used for beef production. The aim of the study was to conduct an economic and biological assessment of the Kazakh White-Headed animal population in the Altai Krai. Kazakh White-Headed bulls were evaluated from birth to 15 months. The assessed traits included live weight, relative and average daily gain, meat form assessment, and a complex index. When comparing animals, the genealogical lines, the distribution of individuals by rank productivity, and the correspondence of these groups to the parameters of the identified clusters were assessed. Cluster analysis was conducted using live weight at 8 and 15 months and a complex index A. For each pair of traits, the animals were distributed into six clusters. It was established that the characteristics of animals from most lines correspond to clusters that encompass a sample of individuals with an average level of productivity. An analysis of the distribution of animals depending on productivity revealed that animals in the high-yielding group tend to approach the core values of cluster #5, with average productivity in cluster #3, while low-yielding animals tend to approach clusters #1 and #2. Cluster analysis of productivity traits allows us to identify phenotypically distinct groups of bulls in herds of the Kazakh Whitehead breed. The optimal boundaries of the cluster cores used to select the best animals are within the following limits: live weight at 8 months: 303–345 kg, at 15 months: 551–609 kg, and for the complex index A: 109–116%.

The most common pathologies are immunodeficiencies in young animals and birds, which significantly reduces the effect of specific immunization and negatively affects the survival rate of livestock. In this regard, the synthesis of immunostimulants aimed at reducing immunosuppressive conditions in animals and poultry has been widely developed. A review of studies evaluating the effect of various immunostimulant drugs (sodium thiosulfate, ASD-2, fosprenyl, vestin, polycarbonate, ribotan, interferon, placentin, immunate, thymogen, salmopula, apistimulin, trimetasone, Biferon-b, lydium-KLP levamizole, etc.) on the level of specific protection expressed in antibody titers during animal immunization bacterial (salmonellosis, colibacteriosis, leptospirosis, listeriosis, tuberculosis, streptococcosis, pasteurellosis, etc.) and viral (infectious rhinotracheitis of cattle, viral diarrhea-mucosal disease, parainfluenza-3, rot-, coronaviruses, infectious bursal disease of birds, viral hepatitis of ducklings, Marek’s disease, Aujeska, Gumboro, Newcastle, plague of carnivores, infectious laryngotracheitis, bronchitis of birds, etc.), fungal (trichophytia, microsporia) and other pathogens of infectious diseases showed a high effect of their use. The presented literature review shows the lack of a comprehensive assessment of the effectiveness of immunostimulant drugs in animal vaccination and does not allow to identify and determine the most effective remedy. The data on the use of immunostimulants in animal immunization showed a high preventive effect, but there are very few studies on the comparative effectiveness of this class of veterinary drugs, which includes more than 11 groups. A comprehensive study of the effects of different drugs on the effectiveness of a single vaccine would allow for an objective assessment of their effectiveness, which would optimize veterinary preventive measures.

Improving the methodology for assessing the breeding value of horses based on racing performance is a relevant task in modern horse breeding. The aim of the study was to develop such a system for purebred Arabian horses based on the results of racetrack trials. The research material consisted of records from 3,690 starts of 621 horses from 2020 to 2024. Two key indicators based on the placing and the category (complexity) of the race were used to characterize performance: the R2024 rating and the Adjusted Transformed Rank (ATR). Statistical analysis included the calculation of correlations, repeatability, heritability (h²), as well as the assessment of the breeding value (BV) of horses and sires based on progeny quality, with the calculation of Absolute (ABV) and Relative (RBV) breeding value indices. An extremely high correlation was established between the R2024 and ATR indicators (r = 0.98). The ATR indicator demonstrated higher predictive reliability: the repeatability coefficient of results from two to three years of age was 0.24 compared to 0.16 for R2024. The heritability of racing performance was moderate: 0.18 for two-year-olds and 0.40 for three-year-olds. Based on the calculation of breeding value, statistically significant “improver” and “deteriorator” sires were identified. The effectiveness of early evaluation was confirmed: horses with low results at two years of age maintained low productivity at three years. The developed system allows for an objective assessment of the racing qualities of horses and the breeding potential of sires. The ATR indicator has been recognized as more preferable for use in breeding practice due to its stability and high repeatability. For integration into the existing grading system, it is recommended to develop a scale for converting ATR values into standard grading scores, taking into account age characteristics.

The article presents the results of studies of the morphological features of the liver and kidneys of young American mink of the Standard dark brown genotype of tame and aggressive behavior types, whose parents were given Biostil in their diet to stimulate reproductive function. Biostil belongs to the group of general stimulants, an adaptogen. In veterinary medicine and animal husbandry, it is used to stimulate average daily gains and improve the survival rate of young farm animals. In poultry farming, it is used to improve the viability of broiler chickens and egg production of laying hens. The object of the study were 6-month-old male and female American minks of different behavior types (n = 36), which were divided into experimental and control groups depending on the dose received by their parents during the technological rut: 1st experimental group - Biostil dose of 0.05 ml/ kg body weight; 2nd experimental group – 0.025 ml/kg body weight; control groups. The subject of the study is the morphological state of organs (liver, kidneys). Scientific research was conducted at the Novosibirsk State Agrarian University, Department of Anatomy and Physiology and Experimental Fur Farm, Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Histological studies were performed using the classical method. Biological material was fixed with 10% neutral buffered formalin solution. Histological sections 4–6 μm thick were stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Microscopic examination of the liver revealed signs of hydropic and fatty degeneration of hepatocytes, lymphoid-histiocytic infiltrates in the portal tracts and parenchyma, and areas of focal necrosis. Histological examination of the kidneys revealed hydropic, vacuolar degeneration and necrobiosis of the tubular epithelium, mineralization of the collecting ducts, and glomerulosclerosis. In aggressive minks of the 2nd experimental group, whose parents received Biostil in a minimum dose of 0.025 ml/kg of body weight, pathological processes were less pronounced: in the liver, they were characterized by hydropic and fatty degeneration of hepatocytes, while in the kidneys, pathological changes were limited to the tubular apparatus.

In the conditions of a scientific and economic experiment, morphological and biochemical blood parameters of broiler chickens were studied when they were fed gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), fumaric acid, and their combination under industrial housing conditions. The experiment was conducted at a broiler poultry farm in the Kemerovo region. The research subject was broiler chickens of the Ross 308 cross. The control group birds were fed a complete balanced feed (CBF). The 1st experimental group received CBF + GABA at a dose of 25 g/t of feed. The 2nd experimental group received CBF + fumaric acid at a dose of 200 g/t of feed. The 3rd experimental group received CBF + GABA at a dose of 25 g/t of feed + fumaric acid at a dose of 200 g/t of feed. Blood for analysis was collected on the 1st, 21st, and 42nd days of bird rearing. The research results showed that the introduction of the studied feed additives into the diet of broiler chickens had a positive effect on their morphobiochemical blood parameters. For instance, the number of erythrocytes at 21 days of age in the blood of broilers from all experimental groups exceeded the control value by 8.9–14.9 %, and at 42 days of age, by 10.8–15.8 %. Hemoglobin content was higher than the control by 23.9–28.3 % and 5.3–7.1 %, respectively. At 42 days of age, the number of eosinophils in the blood of chickens in the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd experimental groups decreased by 6.7 % (p < 0.01), 4.5 % (p < 0.05), and 3.0 %. Protein metabolism indicators in birds from all experimental groups at 21 days of age surpassed the control values for total protein by 5.6–10.9 %, for albumin by 3.7–12.3 %, and for globulin by 7.0–12.7 %. Aspartate aminotransferase activity in the blood of broilers in the 2nd and 3rd experimental groups at 21 days of life was higher than in the control group by 39.6 % (p < 0.05) and 43.4 %, respectively. At 42 days of age, it was higher by 37.3 % (p < 0.01) and 25.0 %, respectively. Therefore, the introduction of gamma-aminobutyric acid, fumaric acid, and their complex into the diet of broiler chickens contributes to an increase in anabolic processes in the birds’ bodies. All the digital data obtained during the experiment were processed by methods of variational statistics (calculation of M±SEM, Student’s criterion).

In sturgeon aquaculture, maintaining a balanced gut microbiome and immune function is critical to maintaining health and improving productivity. The gut microbiome composition and immune genes were studied in hybrid sturgeon after adding probiotics to the feed. Five groups participated in the 14-day experiment: control (feed without additives) and experimental groups receiving probiotics «Ecoflor» and «Florin forte» in different dosages. For the study, the intestines of five individuals were collected before the experiment and in each group on day 14. The microbiome was analyzed using the metabarcoding method of variable regions V3-V4 of the 16S rRNA gene. Immune genes (cytokines, antimicrobial peptides and tight junction proteins) were detected using PCR analysis. It was found that before the experiment, the opportunistic phylum Pseudomonadota dominated in the fish intestine. However, after the use of probiotics, a change in the dominant taxon to Bacillota_D and Bacillota_A, Desulfobacterota_I was noted in all groups. The target probiotic strains Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium were not detected, probably due to the short duration of the experiment and maintenance conditions. Analysis of the immune status revealed a variable pattern of the presence of the studied genes between the groups. The highest proportion of positive results for immune genes was noted in fish before the experiment and in the group receiving «Ecoflor» at a dosage of 7 g. When studying the correlation matrix, significant relationships were found between the composition of the microbiome and immune genes. It was found that opportunistic Bacillota_D and Bacillota_C negatively affected the immune response and disrupted the integrity of the intestinal barrier. In contrast, Desulfobacterota_I stimulated defense mechanisms, positively correlating with antimicrobial peptides. The use of drugs during the experimental period led to significant but multidirectional changes in the microbiome.

The swift reduction in the biodiversity of farm birds and their wild relatives necessitates the development of effective in vitro preservation methods. Creation of cryobanks for long-term storage of avian reproductive cells represents a relevant strategic solution to this problem. However, to date, effective protocols for cryogenic preservation have been developed for bird spermatozoa only. Egg cryopreservation in birds remains impossible, which leads to loss of genetic information, namely nuclear and mitochondrial DNA of female birds. The utilization of the latest advances in production and cultivation of primordial germ cells (PGSs) and embryonic gonadal germ cells (GGCs) is a viable alternative for preserving the gene pool of birds. The advantage of protocols using GGCs is the early determination of the donor’s sex and targeted in vitro preservation of female reproductive material. Furthermore, there is a possibility of low-temperature intraovarian preservation of female bird gametes. The use of frozen-thawed ovarian tissues of both embryonic and postnatal origin as future transplants is being actively developed. The success of using donor reproductive material largely depends on the recipient preparation (sterilization). The world’s leading laboratories have achieved impressive results in producing offspring of both sexes using donor reproductive material. This review highlights the progress made in the developing technologies for the in vitro preservation and use of avian reproductive material: embryonic cells, donor ovarian tissues, and tissue transplantation to recipients. The development of biotechnological methods for manipulation with donor material of female birds will contribute to achieving the goal of the world scientific community, which is to prevent the loss of biodiversity of domestical birds, and will be further applied in the restoration of avian breeds and species that are currently at risk of extinction. An additional argument for the importance of developing these technologies is the significant economic advantage in reconstructing endangered breeds, compared to using only cryopreserved semen when conducting multiple backcrosses with a breed close in phenotype.

In the relatively small population of European bison of the Central Bison Nursery (Prioksko-Terrasny Reserve), the genealogical diversity is limited to 10 founder animals out of 12 possible: 4 founder bulls (Plebejer, Bill, Begrunder and Kaukasus) and 6 cows (Planta, Bilma, Plavia, Garde, Gatczyna, Plewna). The most significant in terms of contribution to the gene pool are the bull Plebejer (born in 1917) and the cow Planta (born in 1904). The inbreeding coefficient of breeding bulls and cows is 12.3–12.3 % and 13.0 %, respectively. In the genealogical development of related groups of paternal lines, the descendants of Metrud 7685 and Danzo 6362 dominate, and the maternal 6715 Mutena and 6979 Mozaika, which are distinguished by their reproductive qualities. The leader in the number of descendants (28 heads) is the bull SL-9 Augustin, who is inbred in the nursery population by a minimum amount - 7.0 %. An example of paternal effects with negative consequences for the viability of the offspring is the bull Murakami, who, with an inbreeding estimate of 19%, turned out to be the worst in the number of dropped out calves. Cows are inferior to breeding bulls of comparable ages, in the number of descendants obtained during life by 3.2 times, which determines their selection significance and contribution to the formation of the gene pool of the population in generations. Prioksko-Terrasny nursery has unique experience and potential for the restoration of bison in the wild. However, long-term success depends on a comprehensive approach that combines genetic monitoring, improved housing conditions and active international cooperation in terms of replenishing the gene pool. This will not only preserve but also increase the genetic diversity of the population, ensuring its sustainability in the future.

This work is devoted to evaluating the effectiveness of various methods for calculating distances based on the frequencies of alleles of erythrocyte antigens of blood groups for phylogenetic cluster analysis of pig populations. The aim was to compare the accuracy and adequacy of various distance metrics when restoring previously known kinship relationships between groups of domestic and wild pigs. The analysis involved the distances of Euclid, Manhattan, Canberra, Chebyshev, as well as the specialized genetic distances of Ney, Edwards, Rogers, Prevost, and Reynolds. 12 populations were used as research objects, including mini pigs of ICiG SB RAS, large white breed, Landrace, Kemerovo breed, as well as various subspecies of wild boar. An external assessment based on the known genealogical history of the populations was used to validate the results. The accuracy of the methods was assessed using Spearman’s correlation between distance and kinship ranks. The results showed that most of the tested distances show weak or moderate correlation with real phylogenetic relationships. Dendrograms based on various metrics often grouped unrelated populations together and did not reflect the expected clustering by origin. It has been hypothesized that this is due to the relatively low level of polymorphism of erythrocyte antigens of blood groups compared with such modern markers as microsatellites or SNPs. It is concluded that the frequencies of alleles of erythrocyte antigens of blood groups are unsuitable for accurate reconstruction of phylogenetic relationships between pig populations.