The paper summarizes the results of many-year research on applying the existing methods for determining labile phosphates aimed at evaluation of the phosphorus fertilizers effect. The standard methods of phosphorus determination according to Truog and Chirikov suggests extracting a large amount of hard-to-reach forms from the soil. The existing scales for determining the soil needs inside this element for crops do not allow to evaluate objectively the fertility of black soil in the Novosibirsk Region. The application of buffer mixtures, acid and salt extractants for the diagnosis of phosphorus nutrition of plants is discussed. The authors suggest to explore black soil according to the Nikolov method and the LAC- method. They characterize the actual reserves of available phosphorus in the soil. During the growing season, it is necessary to carry out operational diagnostics using Karpinsky–Zamyatina method. The method determines the degree of transition of phosphorus to the soil fluid and the presence of residual phosphates. The amount of energy required to extract phosphorus from soil compounds is suggested to be determined by the Scofield method. Its value depends on the absorption properties of the soil and is regional in nature. For all the methods studied the new scales for the supply of black soil in the Novosibirsk Region were proposed. These scales give opportunity  to find out the appropriateness of applying phosphorus fertilizers and give a correct assessment during the study of the diagnosis of phosphorus nutrition of plants.

The authors explore the varieties and perspective breeding lines of the North-East Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution with varying degrees of resistance to Septoria by yield and composition of the pigment complex in the leaves under the conditions of the Kirov region, were studied . Under the conditions of the growing season in 2017, characterized by excessive moisture, the strong development of a fungal infection (the degree of damage to the leaf is 22.0-62.3%) led to a decrease in the overall productivity of plants. The correlation coefficient between the defeat of Septoria and cereal and biological yields took average negative values   (r = -0.43 and -0.44). The difference among the average parameters   in the groups of moderately stable and susceptible varieties was 0.23 t/ha for grain yield and 0.49 t/ha for aboveground biomass. From the exit phase into the tube to heading an increase in the content of chlorophilic pigments and a decrease in the content of carotenoids per unit d ry mass of the leaf were observed in all varieties. However, in the group of susceptible varieties, the increase in chlorophyll a + b was less significant, and the content of carotenoids decreased more dramatically. In 2018, with a lower infectious load (the degree of damage was 9.5-47.0%), there were no significant differences in yield and the number of chlorophylls a and b in varieties of different resistance groups. In most cases, the content of chlorophylls a + b and carotenoids decreased by the flowering phase. C-64 and C-65 selection lines, tolerant to septoria, maintained a consistently high level of pigments. The correlation analysis reflects that the content of photosynthetic pigments in the exit phase into the tube was reliably associated with the development of the vegetative mass of plants, and with grain yield it happened in the flowering phase. No significant connection between the defeat of Septoria and the number of chlorophylls a and b in the flowering phase was found, but there was a decrease in the percentage of carotenoids in the total amount of pigments, depending on the extent of injury.

Cotoneaster is an ornamental shrub that has been used in Khakassia since the end of the 20th century not only for the improvement of populated areas but also for the forestation. In the Ключевые слова: кизильник, интродукция, ритм роста и развития, озеленение, засушливые условия, Хакасия arboretum of the Institute, more than 40 varieties of cotoneaster of different origin were tested. The paper identifies promising new cotoneaster varieties for immigration into the landscapes of the region. Currently, an inventory has established 12 varieties of cotoneaster. According to the duration of spring development, the studied varieties can be divided into two groups: dissolving vegetative buds in the second and third decades of April - 75% (C. foveolatus, C. intergerrimus, C. lucidus, C. melanocarpus var. Laxiflora, C. nitens, C. oliganthus, C. racemiflorus, C. soongoricus, C. zeravschanicus). In the second group there are varieties in which the vegetative buds bloom in the first and second decades of May - 25% (C. melanocarpus, C. divaricatus, C. pannosus). The cotoneaster bloom period averages 16 ± 2 days. Most of the characterized varieties (54.5%) bloom in the third decade of May, flowering 36.3% falls on the first decade of June. The average vegetation period for woody plants in Khakassia reaches 165 days. Cotoneaster, having an East Asian locality, is close to this value. The vast majority of the considered varieties (75%) has winter hardness at the level of I point. 16.6% of the varieties freeze over in some years (winter hardness II point). The largest weight is 1000 pcs. seed belongs to Cotoneaster oliganthus, C. racemiflorus, and C. melanocarpus. Soil germination of seeds in different vatieties of Cotoneaster varies from 4.4 to 24.4%. The highest rate was fixed in the shaggy cotoneaster (C. pannosus) from South-Western China. For a more complete assessment, each of the studied varieties was assigned an introduction score. The highest fifth point of introduction is characterized by seven species, or 58.3%. Four types have a fourth score - 33.3%. Based on a comprehensive assessment of the prospects of the studied cotoneaster varieties it was found that 67% of the varieties are quite promising. The promising varieties such as C. pannosus, C. melanocarpus var. laxiflora, as well as C. zeravschanicus (during vegetative propagation) for landscaping in Khakassia.

In Western Siberia, during the laboratory studies of the durum wheat breeding in the Omsk Agrarian Scientific Center in 2015-2018 the productivity of durum wheat varieties from the nursery of ecological variety testing was studied. Scientific data on the elements of the crop structure are presented, depending on the agrometeorological conditions of the growing season. Years of research in Omsk were quite contrasting in terms of temperature and moisture supply. Durum wheat productivity was estimated by ripeness groups and correlative interconnections were revealed by productivity elements. The conditions of the growing season significantly affected the productivity of durum wheat. The productive bushiness varied slightly from year to year during the research. The density of the stalk has increased to two productive stems in some species in 2018. There was also found an increase in the spike content of the spike up to 30 pcs in 2018. A correlation between the number of grains in an ear and the grain weight of the main ear was established. A reliable interconnection between productivity and the grain mass of the main ear was observed. The grain weight of the main spike varied between 1.1-1.6 g. Oazis and Omsk emerald were distinguished by all productivity indicators. It was found that most of the studied species formed a high yield in 2018 and the lowest in 2016 with a lack of moisture during harvest. In the course of research, the most productive and plastic species were identified by a number of characteristics. The Omsk emerald species has a high productivity potential and it is resistant to sharp weather  conditions. The calculation of ecological plasticity showed that the species Pamyati Chekhovich and Oasis are most responsive to changing growing conditions, but more demanding on agricultural technology. For cultivation in Omsk region farms the species Omsk Amber, Omsk Steppe, and Pearl of Siberia can be recommended.

Lentils (Lens culinaris Medic.) belongs to the group of valuable high-protein food crops. A significant role in increasing its productivity is given to breeding. Among the methods of statistical data processing, the analysis of correlation interconnection between characteristics has become widespread in selection. Therefore, the aim of the research was to determine the correlation between the main economically valuable traits of lentil collection samples in the conditions of the Omsk region. Research project was carried out in 2016–2018 on the sidelines of the training and experimental farm of the Omsk State Agrarian University, located in the Southern forest-steppe of Western Siberia. The object of the study was the collection samples of lentils of different ecological and geographical origin (Russia, Germany, Turkey, Canada, Bulgaria, Moldova, Ukraine, Belarus, Kazakhstan). The standard was the Aida variety. Over the years of research, according to the results of the correlation analysis, a stable interconnection between the yield and the number of beans (r = 0.80 ± 0.04) and the mass of seeds (r = 0.80 ± 0.04) per plant was fixed. An average positive interconnection between yield was found during the periods from germination to flowering (r = 0.60 ± 0.09) and from flowering to ripening (r = 0.60 ± 0.09), the number of seeds in a bean (r = 0.60 ± 0.09), weighing 1000 seeds (r = 0.50 ± 0.09), the distance from the tip of the lower bean to the soil (r = 0.40 ± 0.08) and the height of the plant (r = 0.40 ± 0 , 08). A weak positive dependence of the yield was fixed on the length of the bean (r = 0.30 ± 0.07) and the height of attachment of the lower bean (r = 0.30 ± 0.07). The analysis showed the degree of influence of various elements of productivity on the formation of productivity, which affords more targeted selection in the selection process.

The authors see the creation of potentially high-yield varieties of barley adapted to the conditions of a particular region as a priority for selection. The study characterizes a new two-row variety of spring barley Omskiy 101 in terms of yield and adaptability for the conditions of the southern forest-steppe in Western Siberia. Comprehensive studies were carried out on the experimental fields of Omsk ANC premises from 2014 to 2018. The originator of spring barley Omskiy 101 was the Federal State Budget Scientific Institution Omsk ANC. A parental material was taken from the variety given by the Vavilov Federal Research Center Russian Institute of Plant and Genetic Resources. The variety Omskiy 101 belongs to the forest-steppe ecological group of varieties, drought tolerant, midseason, resistant to lodging. Distinctive features: average height; semi-straight, medium thickness and strenght stem, the color of the stem nodes brown; the average width of the leaf, the absence of pubescence on the vaginas of the lower leaves, the presence of a wax coating; two-row, membranous, spinous spike of cylindrical shape; the transition of flower scales to the spine is gradual, the nerve is poorly expressed; the spines are long, smooth, parallel to the spike, of medium roughness; possible anthocyanin coloration of tips and serration, hairy bristles; the grain is yellow, filmy, semi-elongated, large. The variety is highly harvested in Western Siberia (an increase of 0.55 t/ha to the standard in the Southern forest-steppe zone and 0.38 t/ha in the steppe on average for the period of research from 2014 to 2018). The variety is characterized by responsiveness to improved growing conditions as determined by S.A. Eberhart, W.A. Russell (bi = 1,1), and according to the methods proposed by A.A. Gryaznov (IEP = 1.05) and C. Wricke (Wi = 0.20). The studied variety was also characterized by increased stability (σ2d = 0.1 according to S.A. Eberhart and W.A. Russell) and adaptability (KA = 104.6% according to L.A. Zhivotkov). The variety was submitted for state variety testing in 2018 in the Ural (9), West Siberian (10) and East Siberian (11) regions.

In a multifactor stationary field experiment on the area of the Elitnoye Holding in the Novosibirsk region (central forest-steppe subzone) in 2002-2018 the seasonal dynamics of nitrate nitrogen in the fields of four full grain-steam crop rotation by steam and grain predecessors against an extensive background (without chemical means) in four versions of the main mechanical treatment of leached black soil was investigated. Along with this, the productivity of grain crops was studied with long-term minimization of the main tillage on extensive and intensive backgrounds. The authors found out that in the central forest-steppe of the Ob river region before sowing grain crops according to the various methods of steam preparation most of all in the meter layer of nitrate soil was found in black steam with plowing (150 kg / ha) and less in variants with soil-protective treatments (132-141 kg / ha ). The lowest level of this element in the soil (124 kg / ha) in spring was noted by the early minimum steam. Before sowing the second wheat after steam, the nitrate nitrogen content in the meter soil layer for plowing (79 kg / ha) was slightly higher than in the options with soil treatment (61-64 kg / ha). In the final field of crop rotation, regardless of the studied soil cultivation systems, the minimum initial amount of nitrogen (56-57 kg / ha) was noted. By the end of the growing season of crops, the nitrate content in the soil was sharply reduced. Before harvesting wheat by steam, the nitrogen content in the upper meter profile was 41-55 kg / ha, for grain precursors even less - 27-33 kg / ha. The steam yield of grain crops on extensive and intensive backgrounds was 3.09-3.21 and 3.96-4.02 t / ha, respectively, and practically did not depend on the methods of its preparation. On repeated sowing the wheat yield in comparison with an extensive background in plowing (1.26-1.79 t / ha) was significantly higher than in the studied options for minimizing the main tillage (1.02-1.55 t / ha). When optimizing the mineral nutrition of plants and the phytosanitary situation of crops, wheat productivity by grain predecessors in crop rotation fields increased 2.0-2.9 times without significant differences in soil treatment options.

The cocksfoot grass is a valuable early ripe forage crop with good yield and excellent feed quality. It is used to create hayfields and pastures and is a component of grasslands of meadows of almost all regions of the Komi Republic. However, the expansion of varieties adapted to the soil and climate of the North needs this valuable crop. For this purpose from 2015 to 2018 there was the research of the varieties and wild populations of the cocksfoot grass of the world collection for further use in the creation of new adaptive varieties. The experiment took place in 2015 at the experimental field of the Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Komi Scientific Center, the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Syktyvkar). The soil of the plot is sod-podzol, medium loamy in granulometric composition. The collection of nursery-garden included 10 samples of the cocksfoot grass of various ecological and geographical origin. As a standard, the Neva variety was taken. The experiments were carried out using seedlings according to the scheme 80x50 cm, the plot area was 10 m2, four repetition. Varietal samples were evaluated by winter hardness, indicators of productivity of green mass and seeds. Meteorological conditions during the years of research allowed us to evaluate the winter hardness of the cocksfoot grass samples. As a result of evaluating 10 samples, wild-growing samples from the Komi Republic (42733, 43024, 45945) and Norway (41826) were distinguished for a number of economically valuable traits, characterized by high winter hardness, even germination and green mass productivity on average for 3 years - 21.523.7 t/ha, dry weight - 4.7-5.1 t/ha and seeds - 354-576 kg / ha. These samples provide valuable starting material for further breeding work.

In the dry period, cows have fetoplacental insufficiency caused by endocrine metabolism disorder and antioxidant protection systems disturbance, which affects fetal development and leads to complications of labor and postnatal processes. Еру specimens based on humic substances and probiotics are widely used to correct the metabolic status of cows during the critical physiological periods. The research implies application of Cytogumat® to the experimental groups of animals when they were injected 30 - 40 days before calving during three weeks; Fometrin was applied during 3 days after birth. The animals in the control group received Gabivit-Se 2 times before calving with an intervals of 15 days, and Rebavagin specimen after calving 4 suppositories 3 times a day. The authors found that the cholesterol parameter increased by 27.1 and 16.9% in the 1st and 2nd experimental groups of cows by the 15th day after calving and exceeded that in the control group by 20% averagely, while the activity of aspartataminotransferase (ACT) was lower by 18.4 - 25.9%, and the coefficient of de Rytis was 1.5 times lower than in the control group. On the 40th day of the postnatal period, the authors observed higher concentrations of bilirubin in the experimental groups a decrease in level by 1.8 - 2.6 times, triglycerides - by 13.6 - 22.7%, while the cholesterol/triglyceride ratio was 1.6 - 2 times higher than in the control group. Lower concentrations of cholesterol and higher concentrations of ACT in blood serum of the control group cows are explained by the increased functional load on the liver in the early lactation period accompanied by the hormonal rearrangement and increase in milk productivity. The authors observed faster recovery and strengthening of metabolic processes in the experimental groups of animals.

The paper demonstrates the prospects of applying Arabinogalactan for mechanochemical modification of physicochemical and biological properties of antihelminthic substance. The study evaluates the parasitocidal effect of ivermectin (IVER) and albendazole (ABZ) compounds with Arabinogalactan (AG) in the form of solid dispersions (RD) in sheep intestinal helminthiasis. The authors tested compositions of new specimens with the active substance (DV) of ivermectin with three batches of arabinogalactan from different manufacturers in the ratio of 1:10 and compositions of IVER+ABZ+AG in the ratio of 1:1:10.  The experiments on parasitocidal activity of compositions in intestinal helminthiasis were carried out on spontaneously invaded sheep in Shebala district of the Republic of Altai, where 16 experimental and 2 control groups of animals were arranged following the principle of analogues. The sheep received the specimens on an individual basis: as a water suspension orally; composition of IVER+AG dosed as 0,1; 0,05 and 0,025 mg per a kilo of animal weight; composition of IVER+ABZ+AG - in calculation of IVER+ABZ - 0,1 and 0,2 mg of water suspension, albendazole 1, 2, 3 and 5 mg per 1 kg of animal weight. The experiment has shown that parasitocidal activity of laboratory samples of mechanical compositions of ivermectin and different in degree of purification of AB lots do not differ significantly. It is supposed that parasitocidal compositions can be used for non-pharmacopoeia AG samples of animals, which will reduce significantly the cost of the specimen. The efficiency of the composition of IVER+AG dosed 0.1 mg per 1 kg of animal weight is significantly higher than that of the initial specimen. Mechanical composition IVER+ABZ+AH dosed 0.2 mg of hemectin and 2 mg of albendazole per a kilo of animal weight is highly effective (100%) against sheep intestinal helminths and it assumes the possibility of significant (five times) decrease of AHZ dose in the composition with AH without loss of helmintocidal activity.

The paper analyzes heavy zinc metal accumulation in the wool of descendants obtained from the Romanov stud rams. The experiment was conducted in the Kuzbass region at OAO “Vaganovo” on the Romanov sheep populations. Zinc concentration in sons’ wool samples was determined by means of applying inverse voltammetry method on TALAB voltammetric analyzer. In the zone of sheep breeding, the researchers used the materials of the Institute of Soil Science and Agrochemistry of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences for analyzing zinc concentration in the environment. They observed. there was no zinc excess in all the samples. The study of soil, fodder, organs and tissues of agricultural animals of different species confirms that in Western Siberia there is no heavy metal pollution outside the sanitary protection zones. The authors found out the impact of the Romanov stud rams’ genotype on the accumulation of zinc in the wool of the offsprings. The differences in the phenotypic variability of zinc concentration were revealed in the offspring of different fathers. The article demonstrates that the zinc concentration of some fathers’ sons’ wool was 1.6 times higher (97.2 mg/kg) than that of descendants of other stud rams. A group of semi-sibs was found, which were characterized by low hereditary predisposition to zinc accumulation in wool. Due to the lack of data on zinc concentration in the wool of Romanov animals in Siberia, the obtained data can be applied as a physiological standard.

The paper demonstrates the results of applying some doses of probiotic specimen “Propionovyy” when feeding broilers. Propionovyy specimen was developed by the staff of the Laboratory of Microbiology of the department “Siberian Research Institute of Chemistry” of Federal Altai Center of Agricultural Biotechnologies. It includes multi strain propionate of Propionibacterium freudenreichii type taken from the Siberian collection of microorganisms. The scientific and economic experiment was conducted at the poultry farm of LLC Kuzbass Broiler in the Kemerovo region. The researchers arranged four groups of broiler chickens; each group contained 198 broilers. The control group received a basic diet without probiotics. In the experimental groups, different dosages of Propionovyy specimen were added to the main diet instead of feed antibiotic. The experiment explores the effect of “Propionovyy” specimen on livestock farming and physiological parameters of broiler chickens. The following indicators were considered: live weight, absolute and average daily gain of live weight, poultry liveability, feed costs per 1 kg of gain, morphological and biochemical indicators of blood at the age of 28 and 39 days. The researchers observed the chickens of experimental groups who received probiotic specimen “Propionovyy” and found out an increase in live weight by 0.49-1.94%, an absolute and average daily increase of up to 2.00%. The safety of the chickens receiving the probiotic was increased by 1.00-2.02% compared to the control group. Hematological parameters of blood in chickens of all groups varied within the limits of physiological standard that testifies to the healthy physiological condition of the poultry. The authors found out the decrease of glucose and cholesterol concentration in blood serum in the experimental groups. According to the research results the authors elaborated the appropriate and efficient dosage of “Propionovyy” specimen, rendering the greatest positive effect on productive qualities of poultry and reducing expenses of forages on 1 kg of growth on 0,05 kg.

The paper find out the regularities of physical and physiological development of the replacement young pigs, bred at different housing technologies. The experiment was conducted in OOO “SVK” Krasnogvardeyskiy district (industrial technology) and “SHP Svobodny trud” (traditional technology) of Novoselytsya districts of Stavropol Territory. In order to conduct the experiment on the basis of analogues, the Company selected bipedal pigs (50% large white (CB) + 50% Landrace (L)) aged one month. Each group had 25 pigs. In order to study the development of reproductive organs at the age of 6 and 8 months, a control slaughter of experimental animals was carried out (3 pigs from each group). The live body weight of 6-month-old pigs in OOO “SVK” averaged 110 kg, while in OOO “SHP “Svobodnyy trud” the animals weight was 67-70 kg. At the age of 8 months, the weight of animals in “SHP “Svobodnyy trud” was 103-110 kg, and in OOO “SVK” - 145-150 kg. At the age of 180 days the animal reproductive organs were at the initial stage of development. Only primary follicles of 0.1-0.3 cm in diameter were observed in ovaries weighing 3.1-3.5 g. The bipedal hybrids grown on the intensive technology were inferior to the pigs with the traditional technology of breeding for the development of reproductive organs. They had a lower uterine weight by 9.1%, ovarian weight by 12.9%, and the length of uterine and ovarian horns by 10.9 and 8.6%, respectively. Repair pigs grown according to the traditional technology had ovaries weighing 9.2 g and had fresh yellow bodies. When growing guinea pigs under industrial technology, the rejection of first-pigs amounted to 63.6%, while in the case of animals grown under traditional technology, this indicator was within 26.6%.

Salmonelloses, which are associated with products from clinically healthy animals that undergone veterinary and sanitary observations and examinations and are secondary-contaminated in the process, transportation, processing and marketing, are at the forefront of the list of emerging food zoonoses. The haphazard use of antibiotics in agriculture contributes to the selection of resistant clones of microorganisms. The high resistance of strains of salmonella isolated from poultry production poses a real risk of transmission through the food chain to humans, as well as being perpetuated and passed on to subsequent generations of bacteria, expanding geographical areas as a result of globalization. Separation of Salmonella microorganisms from poultry production was carried out in accordance with GOST 31468-2012, antigenic profile of isolated isolates was determined according to the classification of Kaufmann-White, sensitivity of microorganisms to antibacterial preparations - according to MUK 4.2.1890-04. In the study of 503 samples of poultry production 42 isolates of microorganisms of the genus Salmonella were isolated, which amounted to 8.35% of the number of samples studied. Sensitivity to antimicrobial agents showed that 42% of the isolates were resistant to tetracyclines and only 5-16% were resistant to antibiotics of the II generation of fluoroquinolones (ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin) and III generation of cephalosporins (cefotaxime, cefoxitin, ceftriaxone). The authors found out the change in resistance towards cephepium, ciprofloxacin and amoxicillin resistance in the secondary isolates of S. virhow. The study of biological properties, frequency of isolation and resistance to various AMF of Salmonella microorganisms is an integral part of the development of mechanisms for controlling the formation of resistance to antimicrobial agents.

The ecological situation in a particular area has a huge impact on the growth and development of all living organisms. The paper demonstrates a comparative analysis of the productive longevity of Black-and-White cows in the Kurgan and Sverdlovsk regions. It has been established that the yield of cows aged 1-2 lactations at the enterprises of the Kurgan region is 14.8%, and in the Sverdlovsk region - by 20.3% more. The share of cows died within the period from the fifth to the sixth lactation in the Kurgan region exceeds that parameter of the Sverdlovsk region by 18.1%. The most common causes of cow death in the ecological zones are leg diseases (13.9-17.6% of cases). Among the most common reasons for animals death in the Kurgan region are metabolic diseases, low milk productivity, difficult births and complications, osteoarthritis; in the Sverdlovsk region these reasons are seen as diseases of the breast, digestive organs, deficiencies of the exterior. As a result of infectious diseases, the animals in the Kurgan region were eliminated in the amount of 3.0%, and in the Sverdlovsk region they were not eliminated. Cows grown in the Kurgan region with lifelong milk yield of up to 5 thousand kg of milk had an annual milk yield of 2205.0 kg, which is 9.8% higher than in the same group of animals in the Sverdlovsk region. The difference in this case varied from 172.0 to 2821.0 kg of milk per lactation on average.