Heavy metals get into the environment from different sources of pollution; they get into the plants, animals and human body by means of food chains. Zink is an active microelement that affects physiological processes of organism; but at the same time this element is included into 10 elements that are highly toxic and able to concentrate in the food chains and affect negatively human body. The research was carried out on the laying hens where the researchers arranged 5 groups of hens: 1 control group and 4 experimental groups. The hens from experimental groups received zink salt solution: 5 MRL - 2nd group, 10 MRL - 3d group, 20 MRL - 4th group and 30 MRL - 5th group. Different doses of zink in the organism of laying hens resulted in its accumulation in all the organs. It was mostly accumulated in the liver, kidneys, heart, spleen, muscles and feathers. The researchers observed the highest concentration of zink in the laying hens of 5th group where animals were fed with 30 MRL of zink salt. Measurements of copper and zink concentrations were carried out by means the method of inverse coulometry after preparation of the probes by means of “wet” mineralization.

Search for new adaptogenes of vegetable origin is very relevant. The paper shows the results of the physiological experiment on the Wistar rats. The article explores correcting capacity of plant extracts that contain bee-glue and raw materials digestion prepared by means of extracting and contain high concentration of active substances in accordance with heavy metals. The article defines concentration of lead and cadmium in the organs and tissues of rats when modelling the burden caused by heavy metals on the organism. Measurement of lead concentration was carried out by means of the method of inverse coulometry on the analyzer ТА-07. The highest accumulation of lead and cadmium was observed in kidneys of laboratory animals. The experiment found out that plant extracts reduce metals concentration in the organs and tissues of laboratory animals in comparison with rats that didn’t receive plant extracts. Biologically active additives that contain medical plants affect positively adaptive processes and strengthen the organism of animals. The authors explores the effect produced by the extract Zhiznennaya sila on hematological parameters of laboratory animals in the modelling experiment. The research outline the changes in non-specific resistance of organism (leukopenia, nuclear left shift of neutrocytes, low bactericidal capacity of blood serum, gamma globulin concentration) under influence of lead and cadmium on the rats’ organism. The data show that the extract Zhiznennaya sila is efficient adaptogene that increases non-specific resistance of laboratory animals.

The article represents the data of field experiments on the population of crawfish in the Lake Mostovoe of Zavyalovskiy district in the Altay Territory in 2010-2014. The authors summarize the data on commercial stock of bioresources in the basins of the Altay Territory and exactly in the Lake Mostovoe for 8 years. The authors collected the data on temperatures in the investigated district from 2010 to 2014; they revealed the periods of accumulation of total active temperatures. The paper shows the dynamics of size and sex structure of crawfish population in the Lake Mostovoe and specifies the correlation between the size groups according to the sex of crawfish. The authors focus on description of the periods and duration of crawfish change of coat. They point out the dependence of makes’ change of coat periods on the sex of crawfish and temperature. The temperature of water enforces the first change of coat of males and immature females as it starts after accumulation of 500 degree-days. The first change of coat of mature females occurs in the first part of July. Further changes of coat were observed at intervals 30-45 days and they depended on the size of concrete crawfish. Crawfish males and females with length more than 150 mm had the only change of coat during the vegetation period.

The article is devoted to analysis of experimental data on changes of aggressive and non-aggressive features of water vole social behavior received in animal house conditions in winter and spring when their behavior is radically changed. The water voles are characterized by seasonal change of habitation and due to this fact, they change their lifestyle from wetland to burrowing that causes transformation of area relations among the animals in different seasons. The role of seasonal factors in modification of social behavior has not been studies before. The authors tested dyadically the water vole males born in animal house and kept in the conditions of natural light regime; these dyad tests were carried out with different partners in January, February, April and May when the researchers estimated the number of aggressive and familiarizing behavior. The paper says that aggression to the partner was lower in spring months in comparison with winter months. The authors reveal individual differences on the number of familiarizing contacts and ability for social domination.

The article explores application of different methods aimed at finding gene-modified organisms (GMO) on concentration of protein in the samples of food products. As starting material, the researchers used seeds of gene-modified maize NK603 with different concentration of GMO represented by International Seed Testing Association (ISTA) in frames of the programme of quality assessment The researchers used specific test strips for qualitative and immunofluorescence assay (IFA) for semi-quantitative analysis where they used СР4 EPSPS molecules of protein. The research has shown that application of test stripes contributes to searching for 0.6 % of GMO. Sensation threshold of test stripes is found in temperature processing at 80 °C. The linear regressive correlation confirms ability to apply the suggested approach and immunofluorescence assay for semi-quantitative determination of GMO on protein СР4 EPSPS in the samples that contain GM-corn with concentration 0.1 %. The paper notes slight differences in application of filters with different waves.

The paper explores the safety of application of medical herbs and concentration of heavy metals (exactly zinc) in the medical herbs growing in the overflow lands of the Irtysh (town Semey, village Ozerki) and the Ob (Berdsk). The research was carried out in 2013-2016 and applied laboratory and field methods. The article reveals the data on zinc concentration in medical herbs in dependence on plant species features, morphological features and systematic ones. The research results in the fact that zinc concentration varies from 14.2 to 80.7 mg/kg and average concentration is 44.3 mg/kg. Zinc concentration in morphological organs of medical herbs is as follows: roots (49.3) > leaves (45.6) > flowers (41.2). The investigated medical herbs growing in the overflow lands of the Irtysh and the Ob are located as follows: nettle family (Urticaceae) (63.6) > labiate family (Labiatae juss) (60.3) > rosales (Rosaceae) (60.1) > plantain family (Plantaginaceae) (59.3) > aster family (Compositae) (51.3) > buckwheat family (Polygonaceae) (40.2) > legumes (Leguminosae) (37.9) > valerian family (Valerianaceae) (20.0) > parsley family (Umbreliferae) - (19.1). All the investigated plots are characterized by low accumulation and concentration of zinc in the meander bar; the research didn’t reveal any regularity in element concentration in the central and terrace near flood plain: Berdsk: terrace near flood plain zone > central zone > meander bar zone; Semey: central zone > terrace near flood plain ≥ meander bar zone; Ozerki: central zone ≥ terrace near flood plain ≥ meander bar zone. The researchers didn’t observe any excess of Threshold average zinc concentration (44.3 mg/kg). The authors observed excess in threshold criteria in some medical herbs like garden burnet (Sanguisorba оfficinalis L.) (75.8 mg/kg) and horse gowan (Matricaria recutita L.) (72.6 mg/kg) in all the zones investigated. The authors make conclusion that these medical herbs concentrate heavy metals and cannot be recommended for application. The paper reveals species with low concentration of heavy metals; they are Spanish licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra L.) and wild chicory (Cichorium intybus) (17.3 mg/kg). These medical herbs are recommended for harvesting, storing and application.

The paper explores sander (Sander lucioperca L.) as one of alien fish species and its adopting in the Ob basin was carried out in the second part of last century. Until this moment, sanders have naturalized in the Ob basin. Sander is famous in the Middle Ob within Tomsk region since 1976. Sander landing size varies from 2.2 to 40 tones per year. The paper reveals negative relation between sander landing size within Tomsk region and duration of flood plain in the previous year. Spearman’s rho for these indicators is -0.454 whereas threshold value is 0.41 and Р = 0.05. The paper shows that criteria of linear and weight growth of sanders in the basin of the Middle Ob varies during the years. The authors observe negative correlation between the mass of sanders of the same age and duration of flood plain in the previous year: for 4 years old sanders Spearman’s rho is -0.729 and for 5 years old sanders Spearman’s rho is 0.68 when Р = 0.05. It is evident that sander as a pelagic predator doesn’t appear on flood plain where its feeding plots are located that is why dryness of the year results in different amount of feeds for sander.

The paper reveals the retrospective data of references and research results on hazardous fish pathogens in the natural water basins. The authors carried out the research on water basins of the Altay Territory and found out 10 diseases that are able to cause the outbreak of epizootic diseases in the basins. The most various species and the number of parasites fauna was observed in the Ob. The author investigated 8 fish species and found out that the Carps were mostly infected. The analysis of fish fauna has shown its high infection with postodiplostomosis. The fish pathological research of roach and bream fished out within Kamenskoe and Shelabolikhinskoe areas results in digenetic trematodes Metorchis sp. and Paracoenogonimus ovatus that are very hazardous for humans. The authors didn’t find out the cases of infection caused by the causative agents of opisthorchiasis and tapeworm disease. The crawfish in the Mozgovoe Lake of Zavyalovo region has parasitic fungi Aphanomyces astaci included into the national and international list of acute hazardous diseases that cause crawfish plague.

The paper reveals the research results on therapeutic potency of Emexid during acute puerperal endometritis of cows. Emexid is an original complex specimen used for treatment of cow endometritis. It is developed in ZAO “Rosvetfarm” (Krasnoobsk, Novosibirsk region). It contains enrofloxacin, which is antibacterial component of fluroquinolone of the 3d generation; metronidazole, which is antiprotozoal component of the nitroimidazoles and excipients. The research of therapeutic potency was carried out in comparison with endometromag-T. The authors observed high therapeutic potency of Emexid, which is 95.3 %. When treating animals with Emexid the most investigated parameters of non-specific resistance, pro- and antioxidative activity of blood serum were changed. Animal recovery contributed to phagocytic ability of neutrophils, germicidal, lysozymic and antioxidative activity of blood serum.

Modern horse training implies high requirements that reflect on physiological animal condition. The authors’ idea is that in order to keep healthy it is necessary to prepare organism for high forces and enhance the processes of organism recovery after forces. The research investigates probiotic specimen Vetom 3.22 as a specimen used for optimization of recovery processes after intensive training and competitions. The research investigated the horses aged 6 years and 12 years and grouped as experimental group and control group. The horses took specimen according to the developed scheme. The researchers explored the blood 4 times until taking the specimen and after it. The research found out that horses of experimental group have lower concentration of urea, creatinine and bilirubin in the blood serum after each application of Vetom 3.22 that wnhances their metabolism.. Vetom 3.22 in the investigated dose and schemes of application doesn’t affect the organism.

The research explores ovoscopic observations of more than 4.2 thousands of sheep from 7 districts of the Altai Republic and finds out that the animals in Shebalinskiy district are mostly infected by large-mouthed bowel worm> The degree of infection there is 93.5 % and average number is 508.2 eggs in 1 g of dung. The lowest level of infection is observed in Kosh-Agachskiy district where degree of infection is 67.6% and average number of infection is 160.1 egg in 1 g of excrements. Within geographical provinces, the sheep from North Altai (Shebalinskiy district) are mostly infected and sheep from Southern-Eastern part are less infected (degree of infection is 70.1% and average infection number is 85.6 eggs in 1 g of excrements). The authors characterize the relation between the degree of infection and amount of helminths with abiotic and anthropogenic environmental factors in the farms and districts of the Altai Mountains. The authors evaluated the following parameters: many year average temperatures, many years average temperature in summer, many year average amount of precipitation in summer, altitude elevation, density of host population, and impact of parasitocidal spraying of animals on the amount of parasites. The ovoscopic observations found out that the most significant factors influencing the degree of infection caused by helminths are many year average amount of precipitation and degree of anthropogenic pressure; in the districts - many year average precipitation and average precipitation in summer and altitude. The most significant environmental factors are considered to be many year average precipitation in summer and altitude; in the farms - degree of anthropogenic press.

The paper is devoted to defining the class of toxicity of new vetom probiotic. The research on acute toxicity was carried out on the basis of methods of OECD, TEST NO420:2001 “Assessment of acute toxicity at intragastric intake by means of the fixed dose method” international standard applied in testing methods on the impact of chemical production on the human body. The researchers used 40 experimental mice of the same gender. The specimen was applied orally once a day dosed as 5, 50, 300, 2000 and 4000 mcl/kg of mass during 5 days. The research on acute toxicity was conducted during 14 days. The animals of control group didn’t use the specimen. The animal response was investigated in 30 minutes and every 24 hours. The assessment was based on physiological condition of mice, livability, mass changes and morphometric analysis of organs. The physiological condition of experimental animals didn’t c hange and the authors observed 100% livability. The investigated specimen is referred to IV toxicity class.

The paper explores the impact of probiotic vetom 1.23 onto physiological capacities of mice thoracic limbs in the conditions of photosensibilization (465-480 nm). The author applied 465-480 nm photosensibilization as a modulator of atypical circadian rhythms by means of combined tool, which consisted of 12 light emitting photodiodes that produce total light stream 1480 mcd when the light stream is 100 lc. Physiological capacities were measured by means of hug force in grams when the researcher fixed the animal, which handled the triangle metal frame connected with electronic scales. The animal started to pull on the triangle metal frame. The researcher investigated diurnal mean value of a parameter, active phase, passive phase, acrophase, batiphase, absolute amplitude, relative amplitude and synchronization coefficient. The impact of investigated parameters diurnal mean value of hug force do not change significantly in comparison with the control group and it is characterized by lower parameter in the middle of experiment with further increasing in the end of the experiment. Restoration with higher parameter was observed in the animals in the conditions of modulation of common circadian rhythm. The impact of atypical two-days circadian rhythms causes breaches in physical capacities of mice with shifting the research focus from 7 days to 14 days. Additional application of probiotic doesn’t overcome breaches in physical capacities, but reduces variability in the last phases. The research found out higher absolute amplitude on the background of atypical circadian rhythms modulator. Additional application of probiotic reduces this parameter.

Application of feeding additives on the basis of peat in the cattle diet influences the cattle health in a positive way: springers have easier labour and faster expulsion of afterbirth. Body weight gain of newborn calves is bigger in comparison with feeding with no humat additives, heifers and bulls increase their growth and reduce disease rate with respiratory diseases. The authors observe big growth in the young cattle, low disease rate and death rate and therefore high livability of the young cattle. In animal breeding the pregnant females increase the animal yield and their young cattle has high livability and high growth. The data received in Russian Research Technological Institute of Poultry show that it is efficient to use sodium lignite as a feeding additive for broilers. The authors observe faster body weight growth, more energy, vital capacity and better health condition of chickens, ducklings and poults. Laying hens increase their egg production. Therapeutical and medical effect of humane acids on the animals implies that they slime mucous membranes of gastrointestinal system that protects organism from infections and toxins. Macrocolloid structure of humane acids protects peripheral blood capillaries and infected cells of mucosa. It results in weakening and stopping of toxic metabolites absorbing, especially after infections, when there are hazardous elements in the feed and eating new type of feeds. Humane acids prevent losses of water through the intestine. Humane acids affect the protein metabolism and bacterial carbohydrates and enforce this process. This destroys the bacterial and viral cells. One more antibacterial mechanism relates to formation of ionic bonds of macromolecular protein fragments (toxins) of infection bacteria. Their toxic effect on physiological processes of mucous cells can be weakened or disappear. Plant products influence soil and plants. Application of humane acids improves physical, physic-chemical soil parameters, its air, water and temperature regime. Humane acids and mineral and organic mineral substances of soil make soil absorbing complex that provides its absorption. The paper considers specimens with phytostimulation; this increases biomass of crops. The authors observe the maximal efficiency in case the cucumbers are infected by blossom blight. The specimens received by means of the method of hydrolytic destruction of up-river acid peat of low destruction when growing wheat reduce the grain infection.

The paper explores chemical and qualitative parameters of muscles and bacon of pigs of different breeds: Large White, Duroc, Landras, Pietrain and Kemerovo pigs in the conditions of industrial complex. The researchers took samples at the period of slaughter and identified the initial moisture, fat, protein, ash, calcium, phosphorus, acidity, moisture-retaining power, fatty acids and organoleptic parameters. Pietrain pigs are characterized by the biggest area of “muscular eye” (51.7 sm 2), slight back fat (21.1 mm) and low concentration of meat fat (2.4 %). Kemerovo pigs are characterized by the highest concentration of meat fat (4.9 %), higher concentration of palmic acid in the meat fat (25.3 %), thicker back fat (35.1 mm), the highest concentration of fatty acids (52.09 %) in the fat and the best taste of meat and bacon. The most specific parameters of genofond are observed in Kemerovo pigs, Pietrain pigs and Duroc pigs. Large White pigs (0.869) and Landras pigs (0.906) and Pietrain pigs are similar according to genofond.

Hereford breed is considered as the most wide-spread foreign meat breed in Siberia. The breeding cattle do not satisfy the requirements to its fertility and productivity. The regional conditions and modern methods of selection require breeding the cattle with growth intensity not less than 1200-1500 g a day. It can be reached by two ways: natural reproduction with sperm and embryos from the famous animals of foreign selection or importing the purebred animals, which is very expensive. The authors explored the parameters of cows selection in dependence on calving and estimation of the most efficient cows from breeding reproduction of Siberia. The research found out that animals of the 1st calving have the highest live body weight whereas the cows of the 3d calving have the lowest body weight. The excess on the standard was 12-61.3 kg, or 2.4-14.2 %. The milking capacity of cows aged 205 days varied from 210.7 to 226.7 kg, that exceeds the breed standard on 23.6-39.1 kg. The total estimation was 85.9-93.6 points according to the set of features. The researchers found out that formation of postmenopausal basis when breeding new selection group requires the cows of the 1st calving not lower than elite-record class, 2nd and 3d calving- not lower than 1st class. Body weight and height in sacrum cannot become the criteria for improvement of milking capacity of breeding stock. Increase in selection differential, when the coefficient of inheritance does not vary, does not lead to lower period of acquiring the prospective parameters as when the animals of Canadian selection are used or natural reproduction. That is why, it is necessary to increase the number of cows of Siberian reproduction in order to use foreign bioproducts on them.

Lower consumption of minerals by means of increasing their biological availability is a relevant task in feeding the animals and the factor of reducing environmental pollution caused by animal waste and sewage that contain the great number of substances applied in the diet of animals and poultry. The paper explores chelate combinations (metal organic complexes) as a promising solution of the problem. The research estimates the efficiency of feeding quails of Japan breed with chelate microelements (iron, cuprum, zinc, manganese and cobalt) with green tea gallocatechin with low rate of application in 5, 10 and 20 times. The researchers found out, that 10 times lower number of microelements is the most efficient. This dose provides chicken livability on 4 %, average body weight growth - 4.8 %, feed consumption on the unit of growth on 10.0 %, higher digestion of all-mash dry substance on 1.7 % and effect of nitrogen on egg making - on 3.0 %. Egg-laying capacity of laying hens increases on 5.8 %, несушек возрастает при этом на 5,8 %, egg mass - on 7.4 and incubation waste reduces on 40.0 %.

The experiment proves that feeding carp with essential granulized all-mash with adsorbing preprobiotic additive Bikoretron Forte contributes to using all their biological resources: it improves the quality of physio and biochemical concentration of blood. This was revealed in the blood respiratory function, increasing of blood protein and changes in protein fractions distribution substituted by albumines and immune proteins and higher protein potential. The specimen affects the morphological concentration revealed in intensive lean tissue growth. Carp edible part is increased from 57.90 % in the control group to 59.06 in the 2nd group, 59.90 % in the 3d group and 61.35 % in the 4th experimental groups due to the growth of lean tissue. The fish received all-mash enriched with pre-probiotic additive is considered to have higher accumulation of meat fat. This contributes to adaptation of the fish to cold season in water with low temperatures and low amount of feed. The concentration of lead in the lean tissue is reduced in 1.19-1.31 times and cadmium - 1.75-2.88 times. These changes are revealed when applying biological additive dozed as 1-2 %.

Mechanisms of state regulation contribute to state management of national development and agricultural support. Efficiency of agricultural resources as deplete resources are of great significance for the government and requires the instruments for favorable entrepreneurial conditions in the regions and abilities to compete. Due to the political situation in the world and sanctions restricting international economic activity among the countries, national agribusiness faces new tasks and goals. Rural areas are considered to play the most important role in agribusiness development. Due to this fact, agricultural policy, economic supporting measures and legislation should enhance all economic forms, family farms and agrotourism development. The article explores the conditions of implementation of economic capacity of small agricultural enterprises. The main conditions is fixed financing of current activity, implementation of investment projects and legislative mechanisms that contribute to development of small business.

Favourable socio-economic conditions for complex and sustainable development of diversified rural economy should become the main goal of state policy. It can provide regional food safety, increase the rate of rural people life, employment and rural people income. The analysis reveals that the number of economically active population in Novosibirsk region has been reduced. Gross regional agricultural product has been increased in 2013 compared with 2009; average annual number of people employed in agriculture has been reduced whereas the salary has been increased. The paper highlights the main principles that boost employment and income of rural people: providing constitutional rights of rural people for labor with good salary and availability of education, medical service and other social services; participation in state programmes; efficient application of personnel innovations and their regulation at all levels of the region and enterprise. The paper recommends municipal areas with developing industries and branches of agribusiness to develop agricultural production by means of its intensification and outcome. The author suggests to solve the problem of unemployment by means of vertical economic diversification and development of agricultural production processing industries; and horizontal economic diversification by means of development of new industries of agriculture that deal with existent branches of small entrepreneurship.

The paper explores reviews on the methods of efficiency of municipalities administration, advantages and disadvantages that should be solved. The author investigates different methods suggested by business communities, public organizations, scholars and experience of municipalities in the Great Britain. In spite of the various theoretical and methodological approaches the question of fairness of efficiency estimation of municipalities administration hasn’t been solved. The authors investigated municipalities of Kargat district, Kochenevo district, Kolyvan district and Karasuk district of Novosibirsk region in 2015. The author found out that the methods applied have inaccuracy that influences the fairness of municipalities ranks. The main disadvantage is the lack of analysis of internal environment: what number of civil servants and what physical resources can lead to this or that result, what extent the plans are performed, what standards, services and functions were used. There is no data on efficiency of administration of local enterprises and organizations. This doesn’t allow making conclusion about the effect, efficiency, quality, results and costs, satisfaction with work and application of innovations in all directions of civil service. The general indicator offered - population density - is simple in calculations and people perception, but it contributes to fairer situation in municipalities when applying coefficient of distance from the regional center and geographical position.

The article highlights the problems appeared as a result of analysis of innovative development of vegeculture in the suburbs of Novosibirsk. These problems are considered to be insufficient equipment; updating the machinery for vegeculture by means of foreign equipment; situation in seed breeding of crops that damages food safety; human resources engaged in innovative vegeculture considered from the point of view of lack of professionals at agricultural enterprises, insufficient qualification and lower number of staff at research institutions; and the problem related to innovations. The researcher suggests the main solutions of the problems; they are as follows: support of national producers of agricultural machinery for vegeculture; reconsideration of pricing policy when using state support; usage of varieties invented in Russia and zoned in different regions of the country; possibility of joint work on selection, varieties studying on the experimental fields of agricultural enterprises in the Union of Siberian Vegetable Producers; implementation of state innovative policy in agribusiness in the formation of economic mechanism and stimulation of innovative processes, training high-qualified staff for innovative activity; development of information and consulting service; interaction among the farms with research institutions on the topics of application scientific developments in business and up-to-date information about new research works of Russian scientists.

Efficient management is the basis of successful economic industry. The profit, income and taxes to the national budget of enterprises depend on efficient planning and process organization. In the period of USSR the poultry farms of Novosibirsk region were controlled by Ptitseprom. This is the organization that controlled and regulated the activity of poultry farmers in the region. In 1990-s this organization was set aside and the activity of poultry farms was controlled by the Department of Animal Husbandry and Breeding under the Ministry of Agriculture of Novosibirsk region. The matter on foundation of specific department aimed at the interests of poultry farmers is very relevant now. The research studied the history of management of poultry farming and its modern situation. The authors developed the scheme of organization and management structure of branch administration of poultry farmers in the region.

The article explores the peculiarities of dairy market development in Kemerovo region. The paper finds out that supply and demand for milk and dairy products change due to socio-economic factors. The most important factor is safety and quality of dairy products. Nowadays dairy market of Kemerovo region is being developed but it is far from saturation point. Supply is not sufficient and lower than market capacity. Dairy producers haven’t overcome the tendency to reducing milk production that has led to reducing the amount of dairy products. Development of milk processing industry in Kemerovo region is restricted by organization and economic problems that require managerial decisions. The retail prices on market milk are one of the lowest in Siberia because of the Partnership Agreement on Efficient Pricing Policy at the Regional Agrofood market. Export and import of dairy products are observed mainly in Siberia. Different tendencies at the dairy market require state regulation that contributes to eliminating contradictions between producers and processers of Kemerovo region.

The paper explores the complex estimation of the virus tested potato varieties sanitized by means of apical meristem in the conditions of Novosibirsk Ob forest-steppe. The research was carried out in 2013-2015 on the leached chernozem of the experimental farm of Novosibirsk State Agrarian University in Novosibirsk region. The experiment compares modern varieties of virus tested superquality potato of different ripening groups (10 early ripening varieties, 15 middle-early ripening varieties and 10 mid-ripening varieties). The article states that maximum leaf area surpasses the development of 30 day period on 1.3-1.7 times more than 90 day period. Virus-free superquality potato planting material shows high crop yield, potato tubers’ quality, seed fraction and propagation coefficient when outdoor growing. High crop yield is provided by the varieties Red Scarlett and Liubava (early ripening varieties), Kemerovchanin and Rosara (mid-early ripening varieties) and Tuleevskiy (mid-ripening). High propagation coefficient of sanitized planting material is provided by early ripening varieties Fresko, Red Scarlett and Liubava; mid-early ripening Svitanok Kievskiy and Adretta and mid ripening Tuleevskiy and Khozyayushka. The research shows high parameters of energetic efficiency of growing virus tested potato sanitized by means of apical meristem; the potato had energetic coefficient of early varieties 1.92, middle early varieties - 1.75 and mid ripening varieties - 1.58. The paper identifies profitability of virus-free superquality potato of early ripening varieties as 288%, mid-early ripening varieties - 234 % and middle-late varieties - 189%.

Harvesting is considered to be the final stage in the technology of cultivating giant clover for seeds. Effective periods and ways of harvesting are able to reduce the losses of crop yield up to 5-10%. Due to this fact, the paper considers effective technological harvesting when cultivating tetraploid giant clover for seeds as very relevant. Field experiments on investigation of the effect on Kudesnik tetraploid giant clover seed productivity caused by the way and period of harvesting were carried out in 2013-2015 on the sod-podzol clay loam according to the methods of experiments. Cold and humid vegetation periods in 2014 and 2015 contributed to the highest seed productivity (174.5 kg/ha) of Kudesnik tetraploid giant clover which was received while single-phase harvesting with preliminary sowing desiccation in the phase 75-80 % of Red glomus when forming density with following parameters: glomus number - 1204 un/m2, the number of glomus on the stalk - 4.5 un, seed mass from a glomus - 0.023 g. The highest effect produced by glomus productivity on the crop yield of Kudesnik clover seeds was observed in 7-10 seeds only. The authors admit that 90-95 % of glomus brown discoloration was preferable in two-phase harvesting. Biological crop yield of clover seeds was 14,56 g/m2 when there was free choice of pollen plants; no pollen plants (under isolator) - всего 0.16 g/m2. The highest biological properties (energy of growing and laboratory viability) were observed in seed material received during late harvesting whereas at the same time rock-solid seeds were observed. The research found out that high mass of 1000 seeds was observed in seeds received while 75-80% red glomus desiccating with further direct harvesting with a combine (2.65 g) and two-phase harvesting in the late period (2.58 g).

Spring oats has high adaptive capacity in the soil and climate conditions of the Udmurt Republic. The great variety of oats varieties is cultivated in the Republic (feed oats, corn oats, etc.). The authors analyzed oats commercial seeds in 2014-2015, which was 66-75% of the total spring oats. The paper reveals the most efficient varieties cultivated in different agricultural climate zones of the Republic. Gunter and Konkur oats varieties take the most part of the area. Gunter variety is more preferable for northern and central parts of the Republic where it takes more than 21-53% of sowing area. Konkur variety is mostly grown in the southern part of the Republic (more than 16.47 thousands ha) and northern parts - 7.10 thousands ha. The competitive testing of oats which was carried out at Udmurt Research Institute has shown that Stipler, Vsadnik and Liniya 65/12 varieties surpass the crop yield of Agramak (2.07 tones/ha) on 21-28%; they had high coefficient of adaptibility (1.1). The experiment lasted for 2 years and was carried out in 5 climate zones of the Republic; the research results in complex estimation of new and already used in the Udmurt Republic varieties according to the parameters of crop yield and adaptability. The article shows the most productive oats varieties according to the mid crop yield: Vsadnik, Stipler and Yakov. Strong crop yield variations were observed in all varieties. According to plasticity, the most intensive varieties are Avatar, Sapsan and Medved. The Stipler variety, Vsadnik variety and Konkur one require good growing conditions, but they are more resistant to the climate conditions. The Yakov variety, Argamak variety and Galop one have high correlation dependence (r=0.99) on the climate conditions and they refer to the stable varieties.

The development of the first local mid-early variety of strong wheat Tyumenskaya 80 in the conditions of Northern Ural contributed to production of food grain in Tyumen region. Market relations require wheat varieties, which are efficient and resistant to the climate conditions. In order to solve this task it is necessary to have valuable starting material. The article explores the varieties of spring wheat cultivated in Krasnoufim selection centre. Vorobyev A.V. created scientific basis of cultivating spring wheat varieties with goof grain quality and crop yield. He used valuable genes of varieties from Canada, USA, Sweden, Norway and other foreign countries and national varieties. The varieties of Krasnoufim selection centre are well developed according to economic valuable features; they are widely spread and are very significant as a starting material for selection in other regions of the country. Many years research carried out at the Chair of Plant Breeding and Selection of Northern Ural Agrarian University show that the investigated varieties ripen at the same time as early ripening and mid-early ripening varieties of spring wheat. Having red ears of wheat, Krasnoufim spring wheat varieties ripened early than their standard varieties in wet and cold years and produced grain useful for baking industry. On the background of middle and high nutrition they have shown high plasticity and stability in quantitative features. Such red wheat ear varieties as Strela, Kometa, Irgina and Iren. Strela variety is characterized by high field emergence and crops survival for harvesting that is very important in Tyumen region. The authors include the investigated varieties into selection programmes.

The paper explores the impact of young plant root preplant treatment with growth regulators on the growth and bearing of everbearing raspberry on early stages of timber stand. The authors explored specimens Novosil (on the basis of triterpenic acid), Fenix (on the basis of humic matters and microelements) and Nedosyagaemaya everbearing raspberry. The experiment has shown stimulation effect of Fenix and Novosil on the number of shoots of everbearing raspberry on 22-34 % shoots length - on 12-17, the number of joints on the shoots - on 23-29 %. The highest effect caused by stimulation of vegetative propagation was reached by tilling the everbearing raspberry with Fenix in 0.1 concentration when the number of shoots became 35 % higher. Fenix in concentration 0.1 % and Novosil in concentration 0.005 % increased the number of genital organs in 1.2-1.5 times. On average the second and third years after planting with preplant treatment increased the crop yield on 44 and 39 %, that was caused by stimulation of growth (the number of shoots and joints on them), winter hardness and productive potential of tilled plants. Tested specimens have complex effect on the everbearing raspberry and they are very relevant for industrial application.

The paper characterizes the varieties and hybrids of garden carrots according to the main parameters of productivity and adaptability on the basis of data received in Tyumen vegetable enterprise (III zone, north forest-steppe) in 2013-2015. The parameters of environment in the experiment were fixed according to the methods of S. A. Eberhart, W. A. Russell; variation in crop yield was fixed according to the methods of B. Dospekhov. The parameter of varieties, their intensity and ultrastability were fixed according to the methods of P. Udachin, A. Golovochenko and V. Khangildin. The author observed strong variability of environment and crop yield when the garden carrots was tested. The paper enumerates the varieties with the highest average crop yield: Bangor F1 (62.0 tones pro ha) and Charlotte (и сорт Шарлотта (66.1 tones pro ha). The research highlights three groups of varieties according to intensity: extensive, half-intensive and intensive. The research refers 9 varieties and hybrids to the extensive type, three of them are allowed for applying: Nantskaya 4, Shantene 2461, and Canada F1). Half-intensive varieties include the hybrids Nautilus F1, Nelix F1 and Charlotte; the intensive varieties include Vitaminnaya 6, NIIOKh-336 and hybrids Bangor F1, Karamba F1, Nagano F1, Natella F1, Kamarillo F1 and Karson F1. The most ultrastable varieties are Boyarynya variety and Shantene 2461, genotypic effect was observed in hybrid Bangor F1 and Charlotte. Bangor F1 and Charlotte variety are recognized as the best in the region on the basis of their complex estimation on crop yield and adaptability. Their high average crop yield and intensity are combined with average ultrastability and comparably low variability of crop yield. The research hasn’t revealed significant differences in basic productive parameters between two varieties.

The paper point out that high and stable crop yield is possible in case of complex consideration of all agroecological factors, which are necessary for efficient growth and development of crops. One of the most important tasks in plant breeding is to place crops and varieties in the climate zones in the right way and consider their adaptability to the local conditions. The authors represent the results of agroecological research on winter crops carried out on the experimental plots in different agroclimate conditions of the Udmurt Republic in 2011-2014. Rye is the main winter crop in the Udmurt Republic; it takes the most part of the area in the structure of winter crops sowings. Rye crop yield on the experimental plots of the northern zone was 2.06 tones/ha for 4 years; central zone - 2.21 tones/ha and south zone - 3.63 tones/ha. Winter triticale and winter wheat are not so resistant to winter conditions and not wide spread in the Republic; they have equal parameters in resistance to winter conditions and suffering from rotting. During research, the crop yield of winter wheat and winter triticale was received in the third south zone. The experiment showed that sowings suffered from white mold and wheat crown rot for 2 years of 4 in the northern zone and they died. The problem of cultivating winter triticale and winter wheat on the big areas of the Udmurt Republic can be solved by means new varieties with high resistance to winter conditions. The selection carried out in Udmurt Research Institute of Agriculture results in the development of new winter wheat variety Italmas and its testing.

The article shows the results of analysis of the main climate parameter and their connection with crop yield. The authors tested and applied modern methods of evaluation of spring wheat drought hardness in the conditions of Western Siberia. The authors represent the results on the average daily temperature and total precipitation on the decades based on the data Omsk meteorological station during 1971-2014. The climate in the south forest-steppe of Western Siberia tends to warming especially in May and June. The authors calculated the contingency of climate parameters with spring wheat crop yield on the testing plots of forest steppe in Omsk region. The investigation of varieties on the testing plots of steppe zone in Omsk region in 2012-2014 resulted in outlining the Pavlogradka variety, which had 5 hundredweight/ha crop yield more in the conditions of strong drought. The authors found out the negative correlation between plant temperature in blossom phase and earing phase and crop yield of the investigated crop varieties; average negative correlation between plant temperature and drought hardness evaluation. Measuring of plant temperature in specific phases can serve as a feature for drought hardness. The paper estimates the green surface of concrete variety by means of Green Seeker device in different phases of plant development. The research is aimed at the development of the strategy used for further selection of spring wheat in the conditions of Western Siberia.