The paper analyzes the work of Dissertation Councils in the major of Agriculture during 50 years. The author admits that great work on defense of Doctoral theses, Candidate theses and awarding of scientific ranks has been done. During this period, 412 theses on Agriculture were defended, 77 Post-Doctorates were awarded Doctoral degrees and 335 PhD-students were awarded Candidate degree. All Dissertation Councils were actively involved in work as the average number of thesis defense varied from 7 to 13 per year and averaged more than 8 theses per year. Teachers and professors of the Faculty of Agronomy made great contribution to the work of Dissertation Council. Doctors of Science and Professors as Gantimurov I.I., Leonov I.M., Borodin I.V., Cherepanov M.E., Koniaev N.F., Konev A.A., Kapinos A.I., Naplekova N.N., Shternshis M.V., Gorbunov N.N., Chulkina V.A., Tsilke R.A., Gamzikova O.I., Semendiaeva N.V., Galeev R.R. and others have been participating in training PhD-students and Post-Doctorates. The colleagues from research institutes and institutions supported the work of the Councils. The Members of Soviet Union Academy of Science, Siberian Department of Russian Agricultural Academy and Russian Agricultural Academy contributed greatly to the work of the Councils: Reimers F.E., Kashtanov A.N., Kalinina I.P., Goncharov P.L., Kondratiev R.B., Tiutiunnikov A.I., Afendulov K.P., Klimashevsky E.L., Aziev K.G., Kashevarov N.I., Gamzikov G.P., Inisheva L.I.; Doctors of Science and Professors: Kovalev R.V., Alterhot V.F., Trofimov S.S., Panin P.S., Chazov S.A., Eremenko L.F., Ilinyh A.V., Tanasienko A.A. and others. Nowadays, the Council includes (except the Professors of NSAU) Doctors of Science Sharkov N.I., Iakimenko V.N., Kalichkin V.K., Likhenko I.V., Ashmarina L.F., Dobrotvorskaya N.I., Maliuga A.A., Osipova G.M., Stetsov G.Ia., Budazhapov L.P. The reviewers from the leading Siberian Research Institutes and Universities supported the successful work of the Councils as they prepared reviews to the theses.

Public register of plant varieties endorsed in Russia in 2016 includes 44 varieties of winter barley and 283 varieties of spring barley. The list of spring barley contains only 8.1% of common varieties. The researchers of Siberian Research Institute of Agriculture selected 22 varieties during many years of experiments. These varieties have been selected since 1977 and were endorsed for industry in the 8th, 9th, 10th and 11th regions of Russia and Kazakhstan. The paper characterizes new common variety of spring barley, i.e. Omskiy 99 which was selected in Siberian Research Institute of Agriculture. Variety record is: Omskiy 89 х Pallidum 4466. Pallidum is variety. The mass of 1000 grains of Omskiy 99 averaged 38.06 g for last three years and protein concentration was 12.68% that was equal to cultivated Omskiy 89. The highest crop yield was observed in 2015 in Siberian Research Institute of Agriculture (6.3 t/ha) when the gain was 1.6 t/ha. Omskiy 99 variety is referred to the group of forest-steppe ecological varieties; it is resistant to draught and lodging, false loose smut, dust-brand and almost resistant to head smut. The analysis on adaptivity has shown that Omskiy 99 is referred to intensive varieties. The researchers explored stability of variety and found out that this variety combines such features as high crop yield - high quality of grain, resistance to draught - resistance to lodging. Omskiy 99 is included into Public register in West-Siberian region (10) and recommended for cultivating in 4 areas of Omsk region.

Development of new strategy for extraordinary methods of seed breeding that includes application of biological specimens is the future of biological science and agronomy. Their application can regulate the most important processes in crops and implement prospective capacities of variety. Their role is increasing when the technology of growing doesn’t correspond to genetic capacities of variety and can’t protect genotype from harmful impact caused by biotic and abiotic environmental factors. Modern biological specimens originated from synthetic and organic substances are biologically active. They have positive impact on physiological and biological processes in the period of growth and productivity of crops. The research carried out in 2014-2016 highlights that application of seed disinfectant Cruiser, growth stimulator Vympel-K and micronutrient Orakul in pre-sowing tillage, it is possible to stimulate the process of seed germination, increase germinating energy, laboratory and field germination, growth of crops and their resistance to unfavourable conditions of overwintering.

The paper explores the impact of pasture amelioration (tillage with further disking and sowing of perennial grasses) on their productivity in the conditions of Kulunda zone. The authors investigated the impact caused by mineral and organic fertilizers on chemical concentration and productivity of natural and sown perennial grasses. Tillage was carried out in autumn of 2010 after application of semi-decomposed manure (20 t/ha). Organic fertilizers and mineral fertilizers were applied dozed as (NP)60K100. The researchers applied the manure once taking into consideration its impact during 5 years; mineral fertilizers were applied every spring with further harrowing. During 5 year experiment, application of organic fertilizers contributed to higher protein concentration in feeds and low concentration of fibre. The experiment didn’t observe the impact caused by fertilizers and soil tillage on fat concentration and free-nitrogen extracts. Therefore, application of organic fertilizers improves feed quality to some extent. The researchers observed the highest crop yield in the 1st year of experiment when amelioration (tillage with further disking and sowing of perennial grasses, nurse crops and application of organic and mineral fertilizers) was used. This is explained by high productivity of nurse crop (panic grass). Next years the crop yield of perennial grasses depended on the amount and period of precipitation. The highest crop yield was observed in 2013 when amelioration of natural density and application of organic and mineral fertilizers (2.5 t/ha of dry substance) was used and the amount of precipitation in vegetation period was the highest. The lowest crop yield was observed in 2014 - 0.9 t/ha of dry substance. But it must be considered that crop yield of ameliorated sown grasses in dry years doesn’t exceed the crop yield of natural density. On average the highest productivity was observed in the variant with amelioration of natural density (tillage with further sowing of perennial grasses) and application of organic and mineral fertilizers (1.98 t/ha of dry substance which was 1.04 t/ha of feeding units or 14.1gigajoule.

Barley is one of the most important feeding and technical crops. The authors outline the necessity to develop new intensive cultivating technology considering variety needs and peculiarities in order to get higher crop yields. The paper aims at investigating of the peculiarities of growth and development of modern high-yielding varieties of spring barley in order to increase productivity and production quality in the forest-steppe of the Novosibirsk Ob area. The experiments were carried out on the fields of stud farm Irmen in Ordynskoe district of Novosibirsk region in 2014-2015. The authors explored spring barley varieties of different ripeness in conditions of traditional and intensive farming. Intensive technology increases photosynthetical potential of crops in all the development stages, higher indicators of leaf area of spring barley varieties of different ripeness in comparison with traditional farming and higher crop yield of barley. Intensive technology increases economically valuable parameters of spring barley as the number of grain in the spike and grain mass in the spike of different ripening varieties. The level of intensification of spring barley cultivation is the key factor in such factors as the mass of 1000 grains, grain mass pro a crop and the number of grain in a spike.

The paper shows the effect of specimen Bunker on changes in germination and wheat germs growth in dependence on tillage conditions. The article demonstrates the results which are significant for increasing productivity when cultivating spring wheat by means of reducing seed losses caused by pollutants and diseases in the beginning of vegetation. When nutrition is insufficient the resistance to pathogenic microorganism grows less, crops immune system is low, and they grow and develop badly. When concentration of nitrogen is high, enhanced tillering increases seed inhomogeneity on ripeness and decreases seed harvesting and sowing qualities. Therefore, the measures on protection sowings from pests, diseases and weed plants and grain while it is stored are urgent. Generally, the system of plant protection uses chemical method. Application of disinfectants helps to solve the problem and reduce the level of seed infection. Specimen Bunker is one of these disinfectants as its impact on growth parameters of Tulunskaya 12 wheat is relevant and up-to-date. The experiment and research have shown lower seed germination of Tulunskaya 12 wheat affected by Bunker specimen dozed 0.5 l/t and 1 l/t. The authors observed that growth of surface and root is reduced in 2.6 - 4 times. Maximal growth of surface mass was observed in the first 5 days (46 mm); when the specimen was applied in recommended doze it was 30 mm and 13 mm in higher doze of specimen. The growth of root during 5 days in the control variant was 21 mm; recommended doze - 22 mm, higher doze - 15 mm. The root mass was 2 times lower than surface part of germs by 20 days.

Pea is the main leguminous crop in Russia as concentration of protein exceeds the most valuable forage crops like barley and oat in 2-3 times. Pea is common in application in nutrition, as a vegetable and feed. Pea grain has good eating qualities, nutrient value and high cooking property. Pea seeds keep their ccooking properties during 10-12 years that defines the value of pea for making reserves. Nowadays it is necessary to increase the leguminous crop sowings in field crop rotations. Pea plays key agrotechnological role as it can absorb nitrogen from the air by means of tubercular nitrogen-fixing bacteria that occur on its roots. Its low crop yield in the region doesn’t contribute to sowings increasing. The paper shows the results of the impact caused by soil tillage and chemical means (herbicides, insecticides, growth stimulating specimens) on pea crop yield. The authors analyzed the concentration of heavy metals and pesticides residual in pea grain. The experiment has shown that soil tillage doesn’t change the general peculiarities of absorbing and accumulation of heavy metals that reflects specific background of their concentration in food products.

The article shows that meadow fescue (Festuca pratensis Huds.) and reed fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) have significant diffenecies in biological parameters of ripening and periods of harvesting seed ripening. Meadow fescue of multicut sorts is characterized by high degree of yield cast. Seed cast starts when seed moisture in inflorescences is reduced to 38 % or on the 26th day after blossoming. When the seed moisture is 25 % the crop yield losses of meadow fescue is more than 30 %. Direct threshing is considered to be the most efficient way of harvesting seed density. Harvesting of meadow fescue seed density is efficient in the period of low seed moisture in inflorescences by 40-30 % or 26-29 days after blossoming. Maximum biological yield (540-559 kg/ha) is formed in this period. The actual seed harvest of Krasnopoymskaya 92 was 475-495 kg/ha when crop retrieval was 85-94 %; Kwarta - 482-494 kg/ha when crop retrieval was 89-93 %. Reed fescue is more resistant to the natural cast during plumpness. Reed fescue cast was observed when seed moisture was reduced to 34 % or on the 33d day after blossoming. The threshing of reed fescue is more efficient in the period of lower seed moisture (35-25%). When seed moisture is 25%, reed fescue yield losses are 9 %. Maximum crop yield of reed fescue was 517-481 kg/ha was observed when seed moisture was 35-24 % or on 32-37 days after blossoming. Field-fresh seeds of reed fescue don’t have ability for germination; field fresh seeds of meadow fescue have low sowing qualities. The period of seeds afterripening of both crops varies from 40-45 to 601-75 days when the parameters of germination energy and laboratory germination reach their maximum

The paper shows that explored soils are in strong need of organic substances for their fertility and better ecological condition. The accumulation of organic substances in different types of soils are provided by sunflower, corn, barley, oats and application of no tillage technology (on 0.3-4.8 and 3.4-4.9 t/ha more in comparison with traditional agrotechnology). Its application is efficient and necessary especially on the forecrops as complete fallow and horse-hoeing due to intensive mineralization of organic substnaces on these crops and reducing of plant residues on 33.6 - 63.2 %. All explored steams, technologies of their preparation and different backgrounds of their intensity don’t influence the concentration of nitrates (N-NO3) and labile phosphorus in chestnut soils and loam soils. The concentration of N-NO3 is low (up to 5 mg/kg in the layer 0-40 sm) and increased on P2O5 - 115-133 mg/kg in the layer 0-20 sm. This outlines the necessity to apply nitrogen fertilizers in higher dozes. Coulisse fallow and traditional technology on the southern chernozem soils provide the average level of nitrates concentration before spring wheat sowing (46.8 mg/kg) which was gradually reduced in further sowings. This shows the necessity to apply nitrogen fertilizers from the second crop after steam. No intensification contributed to increasing of P2O5 concentration in chernozem soils on 4-6 mg/kg in comparison with traditional technology. Application of oxygenized carbon dozed as 1 t/ha, fertility reductant 33 kg/ha and manuring of winter ruttishness, oat and Sudan grass provides increasing of spring wheat germination on 9.6-11.2 %; application of 20 t/hа of manure with 70 kg ammophos, carbon waste, manuring of winter ruttishness keeps spring wheat for harvesting on 16.7 - 18.0% in comparison with the variant with no fertilizers; lower coefficient of water consumption of spring wheat on 12.4-26.1; increase in nitrogen concentration in nitrates on 2.2 - 7.6 mg/kg and labile phosphorus on 8.0-29.0 mg/kg when the effect of manure, ammophos and manuring of Sudan grass was the highest (29-23 mg/kg); increasing of biological activity on 9.4-15.2 % with highest effect on oat manuring and Sudan grass (13.2-15.2 %); keeping humus reserves and increasing of fibrin concentration on 0.3-1.7 %, vitreousness on 3-10 % and mass of 1000 grain on 0.1-2.3 g.

The paper reveals the results of water regime of arable lands in the dry steppe zone of Buryatia in the period of drought. The authors explored the experimental plot that was characterized by chestnut long-term shallow sabulous cryosolic thin-humous soil. The authors estimate agrophysical parameters in different soil layers. Soil crossover is homogenious on grain-size distribution and contains large, middle and small sandy clays fractions. The soil is of bulk density and particle density. The soil of experimental plot was almost structureless with negative water physical parameters. Maximum hygroscopic moisture is low as well as wilting moisture is (3.2-4.0 %). Minimum moisture-holding capacity in the surface soil layer is 9-12 %. Interstices domination from 3 mkm to 2 mm makes favourable conditions for aeration, diffusive motion of vapours and mass wasting of moisture. Soil selection on moisture had been carried out for 2 years in the steam field of experimental farm of Buryat Research Institute of Agriculture. 2014-2015 years were characterized by drought that contributed to research on moisture regime in the soil layer 0-300 sm. The paper found out that precipitation that had appeared during 5 days before samples collection influenced arable layer moisture. The drought dried out 1m layer in autumn and winter. The authors found out areas with higher moisturizing in calcareous layer and deep 270 sm. In the second year of drought soil drying out was spread on 2m layers where soil moisture concentration was 5 % less of dry soil. The researchers observed low soil moisture in 2 m layer in complete soil thawing.

The researchers explored the concentration of heavy metals (Zn, Cu and Cd) in medical plants growing in the floodplains of the Irtysh (Semey, Ozerki) and the Ob (Berdsk) in order to investigate the effect of medical plants in the sphere of treatment. The research was carried out in 2013-2016 by means of field and laboratory methods. The research has shown that zync concentration varies from 14.2 to 80.7 mg/kg and averaged 44.3 mg/kg; cuprum concentration varied from 2.0 to 9.7 and averaged 5.6; cadmium concentration varied from 0.05 to 0.39 and averaged 0.18 mg/kg. The average data on heavy metals concentration is Zn - 44.3 mg/kg; Cu - 5.6; and Cd - 0.18 mg/kg. The researchers observed the excess of maximum permissible levels regardless the plot of the floodplain in some kinds of medical plants as garden burnet (Sanguisorba officinalis L. (Zn = 75.8 mg/kg), horse gowan Matricaria recutita L. (Zn = 72.6 mg/kg), common tansy Tanacetum vulgare L. (Cu = 9.3 mg/kg, Cd = 0.29 mg/kg), melilot Melilotus officinalis L. Desr. (Cu = 9.1 mg/kg, Cd = 0.27 mg/kg). The authors make conclusion that these medical plants concentrate heavy metals (common tansy and melilot concentrate both Cu and Cd) and cannot be recommended for application. The paper highlights the varieties with minimal concentration of heavy metals: common licorice Glycyrrhiza glabra L. and wild chicory Cichorium intybus L. (Zn = 17.3 mg/kg), alant Inula helenium L. (Cu = 2.3 mg/kg), absinth sage Artemisia absinthium L. (Cu = 2.6 mg/kg), milk gowan Taraxacum officinale Wigg. and cow clover Trifolium pratense L. (Cd = 0.12 mg/kg). These medical plants should be recommended for harvesting, storage and application as their higher application in treatment is not risky for health.

Genetic polymorphism of populations is an essential basis for selection of wood species. P. laurifolia is valuable for introduction and selection as it has significant biological parameters. However, its form diversity is explored not enough. The authors observed 3 forms of P. Laurifolia populations in the Tom basin: grey bark, white bark and green bark. The grey bark form is mostly wide spread in the upper stream of the Tom river; white bark form is mostly observed in the inflows of midstream; green bark form was observed as a clone only in the suburbs of Novokuznetsk. The authors found out the appropriate age of laurel-leafed poplar forms that differ in bark coloration which is 20-40 years. Quantitative relation of white bark trees and grey bark trees varies within the limits of populations studied. The paper explores variation of quantitative features of poplar by means of sample number equal to 15 leaves taken out of the middle parts of shortened shoots of propagatively mature trees. The most part of morphometric features of a leaf within populations is characterized by low and medium variation. At the interpopulation level, the authors make a case that white bark forms and grey forms of laurel-leafed poplar differ in leaf blade width, angle between the midrib, fan and leaf coefficient. The authors observed polymorphism relation of bark coloration and leaf blade regardless interpopulation differences. White bark and green bark forms of P. Laurifolia are mostly valuable for green construction as they have compact crown from thin branches, decorative outer bark and sufficient purification from branchwood.

Natric horizon is formed in the leached soil by means of illuvial accumulation and synthesis of hydrophilic colloids and high-molecular compositions in the steppe conditions. Due to reducing of filtration capacity of natric horizon in the upper layers of soils, the evaporation concentration of atmospheric salines is increasing. This results in transformation of absorbed cations into specific solonetz cations in the illuvial horizon, higher salinization of subsolonetz horizons and transformation of salt lime accumulation area into illuvial and carbonate horizon. The authors make case that higher salinization of solonetz and subsolonetz horizons and their concentration with Na and Mg are not the reason of solonization but the consequence. After formation of solonetz horizon, the migrational and functional structure of ionic and saline profile is changed and contributes to accumulation of salines in the upper layers by means of atmospheric salines and the salines of low early salinized soil. This concept renders some phenomena of solonetz formation: formation of solonetz in the wide range of climate, geomorphological and environmental conditions; formation of atmospheric solonetz; different stratification depth of solonetz profile and its close relation with the depth of desalinization of carbonates; high concentration with Mg of solonetz with low concentration of Na.

The problem of soil pollution is getting more and more urgent. The most part of soil is polluted to some extent. The paper estimates phytotoxicity of soil polluted by oil products. The authors define phytotoxic effect and enzyme soil and plant activity by means of seedling method. The authors used viscous fuel for slow speed engines for the experiment. The authors used cress, meadow fescue, oat and pea as testing crops. Germination of testing crops is reducing on 21-33 % at 0.1 % pollution; 1 % pollution results in 40 % reducing of germination of cress and 45 % of oats. Soil pollution caused by oil products has strong phytotoxic impact onto the system “soil-crop”. Enzyme effect in the leaves of cress is increasing whereas in the leaves of oats it is reducing when the concentration of oil products is increased. Cress responses greatly to the soil pollution caused by oil products. The authors observed the relation among soil phytotoxicity, concentration of oil products and periods of pollution. When concentration of oil products is increasing, soil phytotoxicity becomes stronger. Long periods of pollution influence crops in different way. Phytotoxic effect of oats is reducing when periods of pollution are longer. Soil polluted more than 3 months is more toxic for peas. As time goes, soil respiration intensity is reducing when concentration of oil products is 1 %. This shows the effect of oil products on biological activity of microorganisms.

The main factors of topsoil in Barabinsk lowland are relief, moisture, alkalinity and soil salinization that influence their physical parameters and alkalinity. Genetic contrast (inhomogeneity) of topsoil is characterized by significant heterogeneity. The degree of genetic contrast at different hypsometric levels varies within a gradation. The authors observed topsoil from the east to the west and found out that the part of terrestrial soils is reducing whereas the part of solonetz and alkaline soils is increasing. The areas of idiomorphic soils and semiterrestrial soils are increasing as vertical area stratification increases. When the part of solonetz soils and alkaline soils is increasing, the area of alkaline soils with soil solutions is increasing as well. The geometric complexity of topsoil increases due to increasing of the part of alkaline soils and rough configuration of their geographic range. General inhomogeneity of topsoil increases in accordance with its complexity.

Echinococcus has become high endemic zoonotic disease in the former Soviet republics of Central Asia, i.e. Kazakhstan, due to higher slaughter and dehelminthization of dogs. Due to this fact, early recognition of dogs infected by Еchinococcus granulosus and environmental monitoring on parasites are very relevant and important. Certain methods of echinococcus diagnostics are inefficient. The paper reveals the results on development of immune and enzyme test for recognition of the dogs infected by echinococcus on the basis of finding the gid tapeworm antigene in excrements. The main agents of test system are rabbit polyclonal antibodies and mice monoclonal antibodies that are specific to excretory and secretory antigene of larvae and adult forms of Е. granulosus. The authors did experiment on the excrements of experimentally infected dogs and diagnostic agent has shown that it differentiates coproantigenes of two closely related gid tapeworms: Е. granulosus and T. hydatigena. Coproantigene of echinococcus was observed in the dogs excrements on the 5th days after being infected and was detected till the 30th day of the experiment. The research results speak about the possibility to use immune and enzyme analysis for diagnostics of echinococcus. The authors suggest to introduce immune and enzyme test into echinococcus diagnostics and set the coproantigene elimination after dehelminthization that can define the period of re-examination in order to confirm no parasites in the organism.

The article studies the current development of dairy cattle breeding, which faces many problems. One of the problem assumes lower period of economic use of cows. Veterinary science and practice have a wide range of specimens for prevention and treatment of farm animals, but it is not sufficient and requires new sources to treat infertility. The first step to prolong economic use of cows is considered to be the right choice of breed specific for this or that area, its development and breeding by means of selection methods within the enterprise in order to increase reproduction ability, milk producing ability, body weight, performance and suitability for machine milking. The authors suppose the second step to be revealing of the causes of infertility by means of livestock population’s health examination when the tools for physiological status of the animals are applied: calendars and card catalogue. It is important to apply all-year feeding of the same type according to detailed ratios of physiological condition. The authors highlight that success in fertility occurs in the case of high-quality feeds, their conservation, storage and application. The authors outline the significance of the following measures in cows longevity: following the rules of artificial insemination, storage and control of the sperm, higher percentage of heifers in animal yield, modern methods of treatment of animals suffering from gynecological diseases, lack of stress and favourable conditions for animals. It is important to apply modern technologies of growing heifers from their birth until their first calving.

The paper shows the results of the research on preventive effect of new specimen Aerosan-P based on essential oil of Siberian fir (Abies sibirica L.) and used for prevention and treatment of animals respiratory diseases. When the researchers applied the specimen with milk or calf milk replacer dozed 2 ml pro an animal once during 7 days, they found out positive effect on the blood system and calf status. The researchers found out that animals in the experimental group had more leucocytes, erythrocytes and concentration of hemoglobulin in their blood in comparison with the data of the control group. ESR didn’t change during the experiment. Protein concentration and its fractions varied within physiological normal state. The researchers observed lower γ-hlobuline on 23.61 % by the end of the experiment in the experimental group in comparison with the data in the beginning of the experiment; it differed (Р≤0,05) from the data of the animals in the control group. Concentration of macroelements (Ca, P, urea, vitamins A and E, serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase and serum glutamic oxalacetic transaminase enzymes) didn’t vary greatly in the experiment and didn’t differ between the groups. Hematocrit and alkali reserve of the animals in experimental and control groups were lower than LLN. In further observations the researchers found out increase in these indicators otherwise they didn’t reach physiological normal rate. The authors observed increase of neuthophil phagocytic rate in the animals of experimental group. These changes in blood system occurred together with high resistance of experimental calves to respiratory diseases. The authors make conclusion that Aerosan-P has preventive effect and reduces respiratopry disease rate of young cattle in 2.34 times (from 27% to 11.5%).

The paper explores anatomic and hystological and morphometric parameters of liver of American mink he-males and she-males aged 3 months. The authors explored the minks of colour genotypes Standard (+/+ +/+), Sapphire (a/a p/p) and Lavender (a/a m/m). The researchers focused on the intensity of lobulation, triad formation, radiality of balk structure, shape and morphometric parameters of hepatocytes, nucleocytoplasmic index of hepatocytes. The research results in conclusion that histological structure of the liver of Standart, Sapphire and Lavender American minks aged 3 months is characterized by slight development of interlobular connective tissue; formedness of portal triads; interlobular elastic-muscular arteries with well-developed elastic membrane; brachiate interlobular biliary passages that and covered by cubic and cylinder epithelium with microvillus on the apical pole; balk position of hepatocytes revealed greatly in hystostructure of the liver of Lavender American mink. Hepatocytes have typical polyangular shape, contain an oval or round nuclear, fit each other and have strict borders; their cytoplasm contains glycogen. The square of hepatocyte of the she-males varies from 71.33±0.50 to 77.78±0.35; he-males - from 74.79±0.51 to 77.25±0.31 mkm. The square of cytoplasmic hepatocytes of Lavender she-males and he-males and the square of nuclear is rather less in comparison with the minks of other genotypes. Morphometric parameters of hepatocytes of American mink have some specific genotype features that are mostly expressed in Lavender he-males and she-males.

The paper explores the procedure of restrictive measures in Russia, cooperation among the departments of executive power, local administration and different departments when solving the problems of the focus of animals suffering from infection diseases. The law specifies the list of bodies authorized to set and apply the restrictive measures. This list includes the Head of Regional Veterinary Department, Ministry of Agriculture of Russia and the Head of the region. A special order of executive power (that applied restrictive measures) must be endorsed in order to withdraw the restrictive measures applied due to the threaten of infection disease. The article investigates the relevant issue about expropriation of animals and animal production while removing the focus of infection disease and specifies the procedure of charges to the owner of expropriated animals and animal production. The charge paid by citizens and legal bodies in case of expropriation is fixed by the region on the basis of state regulated prices in case they are. Charge estimation can be controverted by the owner in the court.

The paper highlights that such microelements as selenium and iodine are very important in feeding poultry. In most regions of the world, soil and feeding crops grown on this soil, lack of these elements. Therefore, it is necessary to add selenium and iodine into the diet of poultry. The average rate of poultry demand in selenium and iodine is specified. However, the researchers outline that due to the real concentration of selenium and iodine in the feeds, it is necessary to vary with their application. For instance, the rate of selenium and iodine should be increased in the regions with lower concentration of selenium and iodine (like Kemerovo region). Otherwise, it is possible to exceed with the rates of microelements when including these elements into the diets with higher concentration of selenium and iodine. We can suppose that the issue of higher concentrations of selenium and iodine influence on some interior parameters of poultry, i.e. parameters of protein metabolism, is very relevant and important. The research on the impact caused by higher concentrations of organic and inorganic forms of selenium and iodine on the dynamics of crude protein and blood serum fractions of broiler chickens, broiler turkeys, geese and quails shows that moderate increase in specimen concentration (on 25-50%) doesn’t influence negatively the content and concentration of poultry serum protein. There is a tendency to increase of crude protein by means of gamma globulins.

The paper shows many years data on linear and weight growth of bream young fish in their first year of life in Novosibirsk basin and the Ob. The data reflect the first year of acclimatization and the beginning of reproduction from 1959 to 2015. The authors highlight the main factors that affect the growth of young fish in different years. The researchers explore the significance of the main feeding organisms of the Upper Ob in the diet of baby fishes and fingerlings. The authors found out that bream fingerlings reach their maximum (9 sm) in the beginning of 1960-s when there was a vast development of zooplanktone (2.9-10.3 g/m 3) and low number of its consumers-baby fishes. By the end of first ten years of Novosibirsk basin, the number of fish increased greatly and fish yields increased from 3.8 to 504.9 tones. The average biomass of zooplanktone was reduced to 0.5-1.3 g/m 3, benthos - from 3.4-7.7 to 1.1-2.2 g/m 2. The authors speak about lower growth of bream in its first year of life. The body length of fingerlings was 3.5-5.0 sm by autumn; next years when fish yields increased to 1200 tones and the basin became bream basin the body length and mass of bream fingerlings varied from 4.2 to 6.9 sm and 1.21 to 6.70 g correspondently. The researchers observed weight and linear growth in 1982 and 1995 when average seasonal biomass of planktone organisms reached 6.253 g/ m 3. The young fish ate plankton in those years. A lot of planktone contributed to the growth of young fish in autumn as well. When planktone biomass was low the fish consumed benthos and nectobenthos organisms and detritus. Intestines of fish are full of mysids and chironomids larvae. The number of these feeds is insufficient that results in low repleteness and growth of bream fingerlings in the years with high biomass of the main feeding organisms.

The Khoroshee Lake is a basin of regular fishing where fish productivity is 30-36 kg/ha. The research on zooplankton of the Khoroshee Lake was carried out in 2003-2004 and 2012-2015. Zooplankton contains 28 fish species from 3 systematic groups: 11 rotifers, 10 Cladocera and 7 copepods. Fish species number varied from 4 to 16 where Cyclops strenuus Fisch dominated in the zooplankton of the lake. Subdominants in different years are different: Daphnia cucullata Sars and Diaphanosoma brachyurum (Lievin) in 2003-2004; and Daphnia longispina (O.F. Müller) and Diaptomus gracilis Sars in 2012-2015. The average number of zooplankton varied from 15.075 tо 67.036 thousands of fish pro m3, and biomass - from 0.550 to 2.263 g/m3. The copepods made the prominent part of the number: their number was 80% of total number in 2003 and biomass - 51.9; in 2004- 78.2 and 51.3% correspondently. The number of copepods varied from 70.1 to 74.3 % in 2013-2015 and biomass - from 54.2 to 67.3 %. Copepods domination in zooplankton is explained by grazing of copepod zooplankton by the fish. The Khoroshee lake is referred to the basins of low and average productivity class and characterized as low and average basin on feeding. The lake contains the reserve for growing of plankton eater-fish. The calculation of prospective fish production by means of plankton recycling has shown that the basin allows to grow additionally from 12.4 to 107.2 kg/ha or from 50.21 to 434.0 tons of fish.

The research was carried out on Yorkshire nursery pigs in winter on the basis of experimental farm Sibir in Yakutsk. The experiment explored the effect of feeding biological additive from the surface part of redroot amaranth (Amaranthus retroflexus L.) for growing and fattening of nursery pigs. The researchers divided nursery pigs aged 60 days into two groups where each group contained 10 pigs. The conditions of feeding and keeping nursery pigs were equal in both groups. The researchers mixed grass meal and the main feed 15.0 and 30.0 g/day pro a pig for feeding it during 30 days from weaning to the age of 90 days. Grass meal from vegetative parts of A. Retroflexus was received from pulverizer. The research has shown that application of grass meal in the experimental groups contributed to higher concentration of hemoglobulin on 26.0-38.6 % in comparison with the control groups. By the end of the experiment the authors observed lower growth of nursery pigs in the control group and 20 % mortality whereas the authors observed higher daily average body weight in 2.8-2.9 times and 100 % of pigs livability. This results from application of grass meal from redroot amaranth in the diet of nursery pigs that contributed to resistance of pigs to technological stresses caused by weaning. The research results certify that feeding additive from redroot amaranth has adapthogene effect and enriches nutritional status of the organism that leads to body weight growth and livability of nursery pigs.

The paper shows the results of the research on application of probiotics Vitafort and Laktobifadol in the diet of goslings aged 1 day to 63 days. During the research, poultry livability in the experimental groups was 100 % in comparison with 97 % in the control group. The authors observed increase in daily average body weight on 10.5 % in the goslings which received Vitafort and digestion coefficient was 3.2 abs% higher (87,5 %). Glucose concentration in the blood increased on 13.2 % and feed consumption was reduced on 9.6 % pro a kilo. The quantity of some microflora types of experimental goslings changed. The authors found out higher number of lactobacillus (in 3.9-3.5 times) in the experimental goslings and dairy streptococcus on 10.0-12.0 % whereas coliform bacillus was 51.5 % lower. The pre-slaughter mass of the goslings received Vitafort was 11.1 % higher (4326,8±84,97 g), pan-ready weight - on 15.6 % (Р<0.05), and slaughter yield - on 2.3 abs.%. The experimental goslings are characterized by better development of glandular stomach, heart, intestine and liver. Protein concentration in the pectoral muscles of goslings which received Vitafort was 1.45 abs% higher in comparison with the goslings from the control group. Application of Vitafort probiotic made growing goslings on 9.3 abs.% more efficient in comparison with the control group.

The authors speak about relevant and up-to-date point of view about expansion of bee farming by means of development of north areas, exactly the northern part of Novosibirsk region. This area implied the Vasyugan plato and takes 25.0 % of regional territory. The mass of honeydew gathered by honeybees is one of the characteristics of honeybees productivity. The research was carried out on 15 bee communities during the whole season; 100 weighing was done and the researchers received data on 1500 bees. Regardless the favourable conditions of the Vasyugan area for bee farming, the authors point out the weak point which is low mass of honeydew produced by honeybees. This is explained by enormous area of flying where honeybees gather honeydew. The average mass of honeydew gathered during a season (May, June, July, August) was 23.08 mg pro a flight; maximum mass was in July - 37.1 and minimum mass was observed in August - 13.7 mg. Due to soil and climate parameters of the Vasyugan area, the number of old bees in bee communities in the period of intensive honey gathering is increasing by means of house bees. The authors found out maximum impact caused by the factor “month of gathering” on honeydew mass which was 51.5 %. This is explained by typical weather in the period of gathering honey.

Horticulture is economically significant branch of agriculture as fruits are essential in human diet due to the nutritional value. The economists outline the problem of horticulture efficiency increasing as the key problem of economy. Horticulture is a high-profitable branch but it faces some difficulties at the current moment. Fruits are shortlife commodities and are difficult to be transported. Therefore, it is necessary to sell them as soon as possible, to have sufficient number of refrigerators, storages of good quality and special transport. The modern ways of production processing and freezing contribute to almost keeping the nutritional value and prolong the period of consumption. The main task of the branch is to fulfill population needs with fresh fruits and fruits processing production. The author estimates the current situation of horticulture in Tadzhikistan and reveals the problems in current economic conditions. The research makes grounds for the impact of financial, credit, tax and pricing factors, competition and investment policy. The paper defines the prospective directions of horticulture efficiency increasing and the advantages of intensive farming in growing fruits. These measures will contribute to food safety policy implementation and development of agribusiness in Tadzhikistan.

The problems of food safety need to be solved and apply progressive varieties and efficient methods of estimation and forecasting the efficiency of these varieties application. The authors analyzed economic efficiency of the technologies of wheat of Omsk State Agrarian University with complex resistance to diseases and drought in the conditions of West Siberia. The research highlights the order of changes in the main processes in the grain market in Siberian Federal District. The authors found out that crop yield of grain was higher when they applied progressive technology of grain (new varieties of Omsk SAU) cultivation in comparison with the results of traditional technology. The crop yield of Lutescense 20-12 variety was 6.9 % higher than that of the standard variety; Erithrospermum 80-12 - on 13.8%; and Element 22 variety - on 44.8 %. Production costs of 1 ton of grain of Lutescense 20-12 and Erythrospermum 80-121 was lower than standard variety on 2.1 and 2.6 % correspondently. Grain production profitability when applying new technology and varieties resistant to diseases and drought increases production profitability on new technology in more than 2 times. Financial profit received from new varieties of Omsk SAU in West-Siberian region (10) varies from 5 to 20 bln RUR of additional revenue for goods producers pro a harvest year.

The paper is aimed at finding new ways to increase sustainable rural development in Novosibirsk region. The article analyzes and estimates the resources of rural areas in Novosibirsk region. The authors divided the settlements in the groups according to the parameters in each sphere of development and applied this division as a basis for point estimation. They made typification of rural settlements and characterized them. The point estimation has shown that high social and economic development was observed in 6 (35.3%) settlements of 17: Berezovskoe, Borovskoe, Verkh-Tulinskoe, Kamenskoe, Krivodanovskoe and Tolmachevskoe; middle development was observed in 4 settlements (23.5): Baryshevskoe, Michurinskoe, Morskoy, and Stantsionnoe. The group of settlements with low level included 7 settlements (41.2%): Kubovinskoe, Kudryashovskoe, Mochishchenskoe, Novolugovskoe, Plotnikovskie, Razdolnenskoe and Yarkovskoe. The researchers recommend the measures to increase resource potential in rural areas. They highlight the necessity of qualified personnel in rural areas in order to increase technological level of agribusiness enterprises; development of social and engineering infrastructure; improvement of demographic situation and availability of accommodation for young professionals and their families etc. Developing areas need in the development of all economic forms in rural areas; lower tax burden or complete elimination of taxation for economic bodies that participate in social and economic development of rural areas; increasing of tax component in the budget by means of non-agricultural economic activity; stimulation of rural economy diversification; available accommodation for young specialists (young families) in rural areas; consumer cooperatives; available medicine, education and culture. It is necessary to allocate financial resources from the budget among the settlements in the settlements with low development; support peasant farm enterprises and private subsidiary farms; develop small entrepreneurship, consumer cooperation and non-agricultural activities; enhance social responsibility of business and stimulate its participation in social programmes implemented in rural areas; develop measures on gasification, road building, water supply and building of accommodation which would be available for rural people; develop cooperatives on social and engineering infrastructure of rural areas.

The paper analyzes the current situation of the system of agricultural production as a set of research developments. The author analyzes the main characteristics of innovative process in the condition of its clustering. When exploring scientific developments it is necessary to apply complex approach that can be implemented by means of cluster system formation. In the set of cluster it is efficient to highlight the system and methodological innovative cluster that corresponds to the notion “management procedure of agricultural production”. The system is rendered as a set of related elements that make one whole thing and have common aim. There is no a specific methodological approach to the principles of building systems. In the area of agricultural production it is more efficient to introduce and apply the principle of technopark formation and implementation of the management system of agricultural production. This principle assumes supporting innovative development at the first stages of development and getting commercial result in the end. The author explores the stages of structural development and content of management system in the beginning stage of market relations development and current level of economy. The modern regional management system includes resources and current situation of regional agribusiness; organizational and economic block and special technical and technological parts. Structural development and functional relations o0f scientific and methodological cluster allows to increase regional economic competitiveness, enhance distribution of Siberian commercial developments and development of intellectual property in regional agribusiness.

Economic transfer to market relations revealed many negative factors in agribusiness. On the one hand, entrepreneurs have freedom for actions and they decide themselves what commodities to produce and what amount to sell; on the other hand, volatility of the factors of external environment doesn’t allow to get necessary amount of production and sell it. The changes occurred during last 25 years didn’t affect positively the main part of population in Russia. Private property substituted state cooperatives on 95%. The most part of profit is got in the private economic sector where the influence of the government is restricted. Federal authorities try to involve the private sector into cooperation but private business is not going to invest money into development of areas and infrastructure especially when we speak about social sphere. The authors suggest to apply new type of partnership, i.e. state cooperatives. Most countries in the world were based on cooperation. Development of cooperative relations is the bridge that leads civilization to social trust. справедливости. The paper suggests the measures that should be taken in order to transfer to operating and functioning of these cooperatives.

The research is based on reducing the level of national economy import dependence. In the conditions of globalization and growing world trade, Russia became dependent on import goods, technologies, equipment as there were no measures taken on efficient national agricultural production. Due to this fact, about 40 mln ha of arable land were not used, the number of cattle was reduced on 2/3, unemployment level among rural people exceeded the level of unemployment among city people in more than 1.5 times. The peak growth of import was observed in 2012-2013 when Russia entered the WTO. In 2014 Russia faced new political situation when sanctions against Russia were endorsed and there was a retortion from Russia. The retortion was concerned with import commodities in the national market that led to significant changes in export and import operations. Nowadays, economic forums and scientific discussions as well as meetings of the State Duma focus on the problem of import substitution. They say, that increase in agricultural production, raw materials and food supply should use national resources and not to substitute an import good by another one. This problems and its solution deal with many factors. One of the key factors is to apply not used arable land on the basis of scientifically-based approach to agricultural production organization.