ECONOMIC TRAITS OF SIMMENTAL HEIFERS OF DIFFERENT TYPES

The article declares that new type of the Simmental cattle is produced in Western Siberia. It is baganskiy meat cattle of high prematureness and high meat quality. The cattle of the new type is characterized by ability to keep high body-weight increase for a long time, produce heavyweight carcass when low fat accretion, being denizen and fed with stover. The article represents experimental results on economic traits of Simmental heifers of dairy meat productivity and baganskiy meat type. The authors investigate growth, development, adaptive features, meat productivity and economic efficiency of Simmental heifers breeding until 18 months age. The Simmental heifers of meat productivity surpassed the heifers of Siberian breeding according to body weight on 4.5 %. The Simmental heifers aged 18 months weighed 397 kg and Siberian heifers of dairy meat productivity weighed 380 kg. Heifers’ carcass of baganskiy type weighed more than Siberian heifers’ carcass on 9.1 %, whereas the backside weighed more on 12.1 % and slaughter yield was 2.7 % more. The heifers of baganskiy type aged 8 months and 18 months surpassed Siberian heifers of the same age in altitude measurement, width measurement and girth measurement; they had higher indexes of body built characterizing meat habitus, which is beefiness and massiveness. Ethologic research shows that heifers spent 65.7 % of time on eating pasture grass, 14.1 % of time they spent on calm moving and 18.1 % of time they relaxed, they played, fight and jumped during 2.1 % of time. The heifers’ skin received from meat productivity heifers aged 18 months had the highest body-weight and width; they differed from dairy-meat Siberian heifers on 4.7 %. The researchers observed the young cattle and skin width in N-point was 6,37–6,67 mm. The publication reveals peculiarities of growth and development of heifers of new type of the Simmental breed and it allows arranging progressive family groupings with high genetic potential. The most progressive heifers of meat type no. 255, 263, 266, 268 with body-weight 408–410 kg aged 1.5 years are considered to be foundation cows. Economic efficiency of production output by means of meat productivity heifers is 29,0–31,5 %.

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