CROP YIELD AND QUALITY OF ONION IN NON-PERENNIAL CROPS IN TERMS OF APPLYING GROWTH REGULATORS IN THE DRY STEPPE OF THE REPUBLIC OF KHAKASSIA

Abstract

The article studies three early-ripening onion variety (“Odnoletniy Sibirskiy” Siberian, Bapec F1, “Strigunovskiy mestniy”) and three mid-ripening onion variety (“Odintsovets”, Bennito F1 and Calcedony) in non-perennial crops in the dark chestnut soil of dry steppe in Khakassia in 2012–2014. The authors describe test plots which contain 2.56 % – 2.76 % of humus, 7.92 % – 8.36 % of hydrolyzable nitrogen, 12.8 % – 14.2 % of labile phosphorus, 19.6–21.7 mg/100 g soil of exchange potassium and pH 7.7. The total effective temperature in the years of experiment was 2245–2412 ºC; the total precipitation in vegetation period was 176–229 mm which led to 12–15 watering equal to 300 cubic metres pro ha. The publication points out efficiency of growing such onion crossbreeds in non-perennial crops as Bapec F1 (early-ripening) and Bennito F1 (mid-ripening); they provide crop yield equal to 40 tones pro ha and production quality. The authors reveal that “Odnoletniy Sibirskiy” onion soaking in 1ml/kg Albita during 90 min increased the crop yield on 12 %; 0.12 ml/kg “Novosil” solution increased the crop yield on 24 %; 0.25 ml/kg zircon increased crop yield on 27 %. Growth regulators contribute to dry matter on 0.6 %, increase sugars on 1.2 %, and nitrates MAC in soil is much less. The paper shows economic efficiency and return of growth regulators applying on “Odnoletniy Sibirskiy” onion variety when it being irrigated 109 %. Energy efficiency index reaches 1.76 %.