Asparagus Vigna rot in the south of Western Siberia

The aim of the work was to study the prevalence, development, and species composition of asparagus vigna (Vigna unguiculata (L.)Walp.) rot pathogens in the south of Western Siberia. The research was conducted in the spring-summer film greenhouse of the Central Siberian Botanical Garden of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (CSBG) in 2018-2025. The research material was the vigna cultivar Sibirskiy razmer. Varieties and accessions from the collection of the CSBG were additionally used to analyze the seeds of cowpeas. The conducted research showed that V.unguiculata accessions are highly susceptible to rot. During the growing season in Western Siberia, root rot, base rot, and fruit rot were observed on this crop. Root rot on cowpeas began to manifest itself from the seedling stage. Initially, the main root was affected, and then the disease spread to the lateral roots and eventually to the base of the plant. The disease developed in the 2-3 leaf phase on the central root, reaching 50%. The rot appeared on the base of the cowpea plants somewhat later than on the underground organs. Most often, the rot appeared on the base during the flowering phase. The prevalence reached 100%. The rot was caused by the following phytopathogenic fungi: Fusarium sporotrichioides, Fusarium oxysporum, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, and Botrytis cinerea. Fusarium and white rot pathogens dominated on the underground organs and the base of the plant, and white and gray rot pathogens dominated on the fruits. When vigna accessions are affected by rot pathogens, other symptoms of diseases such as wilting, chlorosis, and necrosis may also appear on the plants. It has been found that rot pathogens are retained on (in) V. unguiculata seeds every year, which contributes to the persistence of phytopathogens from one year to the next.

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