Formation of husker grains in naked oat lines

Abstract

The research was carried out in 2022–2024 at the Federal State Budgetary Budgetary Institution FANTS of the North-East. The purpose of the research is to study the naked oat breeding lines of the FANTS of the North-East for the formation of grain with husk under unstable climatic conditions of the Kirov region. It was revealed that all genotypes formed of grain with husk, their quantity depended on weather conditions by 42.3 %. Favorable conditions for the formation of grain with husk of were formed at an average daily air temperature of 18.6 °C during the period “stooling – milk maturity”, and at an air temperature of 19.7 °C, the 61h21 and 4h18 lines had only husker grains. The formation of grain with husk was facilitated by drier conditions during the “seadling – tillering” and “tube–sweeping” periods with precipitation totals of less than 15 mm. A weak reaction <to a change in the year position (bi < 1) was detected at the lines of 5h18, 6h18, 58h21, 1h18, 64h21, 72h21, 3h18, 63h11, 4h18. Stable formation of grain with husk was noted in five lines (3h18, 64h21, 6h18, 58h21, 1h18) and varieties Percheron, Nizhegorodets, Vyatsky. The variability of the formation of grain with husk in naked oat genotypes also depended on the interaction of the factors “genotype and conditions of the year” by 50.2 %. According to GOST R 70794–2023, 5 genotypes were identified, which regulated up to 6 % of grain with husk (6h18, 1h18, 64h21, 72h21, 4h18). Lines 1h18 and 4h18 were distinguished by high yields and grain size, and lines 1h18, 6h18, 64h21 and 72h21 had high non-specific resistance to the main fungal diseases in our region.