Effectiveness of growth stimulators and organomineral fertilizers in the intensification of grain production in Western Siberia

The article presents the results of 2020–2023 experiments to assess the effectiveness of using newgeneration growth stimulants on spring soft wheat, spring barley, and oats on leached chernozem of the foreststeppe of the Novosibirsk Ob region. It is shown that the experimental fields of the Irmen breeding farm, Ordynsky district, Novosibirsk region had an average humus content of 6.78 %, a cation exchange capacity of 49.5 mmol/100g of soil at a pH of 6.4. The bulk density of the soil in the arable layer (0–30 cm) was 1.10 g/cm³, the lowest moisture content was 33.7 %, and the porosity was 54.3%. The soils contained 0.24% total nitrogen according to Kjeldahl, 0.24 % phosphorus, and 1.32 % potassium. The concentration of easily hydrolyzable nitrogen according to Tyurin, Kononova, Korinfild is 9.47, mobile phosphorus according to Chirikov is 26.9 mg and exchangeable potassium according to Maslova is 15.7 mg per 100 g of soil at a pH of salt extract of 5.87 (slightly acidic and close to neutral soils). Meteorological conditions during the years of research differed both in temperature and in the amount of precipitation during the growing season. It is shown that innovative growth stimulants (Energy-M, Krezacin and Novosil) are more effective when used as pre-sowing treatment in the following doses: Energy-M 4.5 g / t, Krezacin 4 g / t and Novosil 50 mg / t with a working fluid consumption of 10 l / t. At the same time, the excess over the control (water) was 19, 22 and 24% for spring wheat, respectively. In addition, the efficiency of using stimulants during the growing season, as well as a combination of these treatment periods, was revealed. The parameters were effective both on spring soft wheat and on spring barley and oats. In studies of the Paustian barley variety and Max oats, the yield increase was 28 % and 26 %. The growth stimulants Krezatsin and Novosil were more effective than the Energy-M preparation. The dispersion analysis showed that the yield depended on the variety by 30 %, the growth stimulant – 26 % and the method of their application – by 24 %. In years with different weather conditions, the efficiency of using organomineral fertilizer was shown by pre-sowing treatment of 2 l / t with a working fluid consumption of 10 l / t followed by three-fold spraying in the phases of tillering, flag leaf and heading at a dose of 2 l / ha with a working fluid consumption of 300 l / ha. The increase in yield under the influence of this preparation was 25 % for spring wheat of the Likamero variety and 31–23 % for Novosibirskskaya variety, with an improvement in the quality indicators of the grain.

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