Cultivation of festulolium mixed with alfalfa foraging purposes in the forest-steppe of Western Siberia
https://doi.org/10.31677/2072-6724-2023-66-1-12-20
Abstract
Festulolium is a promising but little-studied fodder crop. The authors found that in the year of laying the herbage of Festulolium in mixtures, the height of plants increased by 6–11% compared with singlespecies sowing. However, the number of shoots per plant decreased from 3 to 2, and the root length decreased by 20%. The survival rate of plants was 84.9–97.4% after winter, depending on the year of sowing. Survival decreased to 46–92% for alfalfa in mixtures, and it was as low as 46–84% when sown with mixture seeds. This was affected by a decrease in reserve nutrients - sugars in the roots of plants. The sugar content decreased by 26%, from 5.14% to 3.77%. No positive effect was observed when sowing with alternating 1–3 rows of festulolium and 1 row of alfalfa. The introduction of nitrogen at a dose of 30 kg a.i. (active ingredient)/ha increased the efficiency of skip-row planting and sowing with a mixture of seeds by 21% due to the positive responsiveness of the components to fertiliser. An increase in the nitrogen dose to 60 kg/ha harmed alfalfa, reducing its share in the herbage to 7% by the third year of use. This decrease was due to the displacement of the more nitrogen-responsive festulolium. The efficiency of crops increases with a reduction in the share of the cereal component and an increase in the percentage of legumes with an alternation of rows of 1:3. The yield was 35.7–42.7 t/ha of green mass, which is higher than that of the single-species sowing of festulolium by 19–53%. The increase is due to an increase in the leaf coverage of alfalfa plants up to 46–49% (against 44% in control) due to the optimisation of layering in the herbage. The introduction of nitrogen at a dose of 30 kg/ha contributes to an increase in yield by 14% (0.43–5.0 t/ ha) due to the increased share of the cereal component in the mixture, an increase in the number of shoots on the plant by 11.1% and their mass by 12.5–17.8%. The introduction of N60 in the joint crops of festulolium and alfalfa is not advisable since it does not give a significant increase in yield and does not pay off the costs incurred.
About the Authors
D. Y. Bakshaev
Siberian Federal Scientific Center for Agrobiotechnologies of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
D.Y. Bakshaev, PhD in Agricultural Sciences
Krasnoobsk settlement, Novosibirsk Region
N. I. Kashevarov
Siberian Federal Scientific Center for Agrobiotechnologies of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
N.I. Kashevarov, Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Krasnoobsk settlement, Novosibirsk Region
I. L. Zhdanova
Siberian Federal Scientific Center for Agrobiotechnologies of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
I.L. Zhdanova, junior research assistant
Krasnoobsk settlement, Novosibirsk Region
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Review
For citations:
Bakshaev D.Y., Kashevarov N.I., Zhdanova I.L. Cultivation of festulolium mixed with alfalfa foraging purposes in the forest-steppe of Western Siberia. Bulletin of NSAU (Novosibirsk State Agrarian University). 2023;(1):12-20. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.31677/2072-6724-2023-66-1-12-20
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