APPLICATION OF CLUSTER ANALYSIS IN PEA BREEDING

The main factor that prevents pea production in Russia and regions is the lack of domestic varieties. In the structure of the acreage of Western Siberia, grain legume crops make from 1 to 2%, which is evidently insufficient. Due to this fact, it is necessary to increase the total area of legumes, expand their range and identify the sources of agronomic features in order to breed new varieties suitable for cultivation in specific soil and climatic conditions. The study of agronomic features was conducted at the experimental farm of Omsk State Agrarian University in 2012-2016. The researchers explored 54 samples of pea included into the collection of Russian Research Institute of Selection and Seed Breeding of Vegetables, N.I.Vavilov Research Institute of Plant Industry and foreign breeding. The authors used Neistoshchimyy 195 variety as a standard variety. As a result of the experiment, the researchers highlight the sources of some agronomic features of pea for its breeding in southern forest-steppe of Western Siberia: reducing of vegetation period – Kitayskiy, Bondi, Chika and Italiya; resistance to black stem and smut - Kitayskiy, Chika and Gloriosa; increasing of mass pro a bean - Kitayskiy, Chika and Italiya; the mass of seeds and beans pro a plant– Kitayskiy, Bondi, Chika, Italiya and Demos; mass of 1000 seeds - Kitayskiy, Chika and Italiya; taste features and availability for freezing and canning (conservation) - Kitayskiy and Chika; the number of nitrogen-fixing knobs pro a plant – Kitayskiy. The cluster analysis on seven main agronomic features contributes to differentiation of studied samples on 7 clusters that have different breeding value. The most effective and promising crops are those which belong to the 6th cluster and have clearly expressed quantitative features: plants height (81.0 sm), stalk diameter (0.7 sm), the number of joints (10.5), height of low bean fixation (39.5 sm), the number of beans pro a plant (13.0), the number of seeds in a bean (5.5), mass of a bean (1.4 g), bean mass pro a plant (14.0 g), seed mass pro a plant (9.7 g), mass of 1000 seeds (200 g) – and ripening 7 days earlier than standard variety.

pea, grain legume crops, sample, feature, elements of crop yield, cluster analysis

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