HYBRIDIZATION OF POPULUS L.  SECTIONS  AIGEIROS LUNELL AND TACAMAHACA MILL. IN NATURE AND CROP

According to modern views, Aigeiros section is represented by 3 species and Tacamahaca section by 12 species. Natural hybridization between them occurs relatively free in the areas of contact, and at the present time there are seven natural hybrids identified. The authors observed 5 intersection hybrids on the territory of Northern America where areas of black and balsam poplars are mostly sympatric. Natural hybrid zones are weel investigated there. The authors observed 2 intersection hybrids on the territory of Asia. Areas of black and balsam poplars in the region are mostly allopatric. Insufficient data on natural hybrid zones relates to their insufficient investigation and not clear systematics, especially systematics of middle Asian poplars. The analysis of qualitative morphological features shows that sections Aigeiros and Tacamahaca differ on 3 explored features: types of crown shoots, location of generative buds and the shape of the petiole. When carrying out morphological analysis of hybrid, it is necessary to pay attention to differentiation of shoots. Discoblasters, which are typical for Tacamahaca section, are always inherited by intersectional hybrids; these hybrids keep discoblasters in recurrent crosses with black poplars. This feature is probably controlled by extranuclear genes. The authors highlight that developed shortened rosette shoots contribute to identify easily the hybrid nature even when similarity of the leaf blade of individual plants with black poplars occurs. Elongated shoots are important, especially if the parent species differ in contrast on this feature. Species with ribbed shoots occur in both sections, the ribs are not cork growths, and develop as a result of the activities of apical meristem. The morphology of the petiole in hybrids can be a suitable feature for identification of cultivars, but in natural hybrid zones, it plays only supplementary role. The significance of other investigated features depends on the specific combination of crosses in natural hybrid zones. The developed key for determining the types of sections Aigeiros and Tacamahaca and poplar hybrids in Western Siberia can be used to identify natural hybrids and cultivars, and in selecting economically valuable forms.

poplar, hybridization, classification, cultivars species, qualitative features, pure species, dissemination

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