VEGETATION OF THE CHATYR-KUL CLOSED DEPRESSION

Abstract

Chatyr-Kul lake is the biggest lake in the region. It is located in the Ak-Say valley 3530 mabove the sea. Its square is about 170 km ² , it is the third biggest lake in Kyrgyzstan. The Ak-Say valley and closed depression refer to the Alps belt of the Tyan-Shan Alay mountain fold. The climate is severe in the region; the summer months are concerned to be July and August. Summer is cool and dry. The main geobotanical edificators of the Alps belt are short-grass meadows with kobresia, Alp short-grass steppes and grasslands with sheep fescue, sandy needle grass, mat-grass, cinquefoil, edelweiss, artemisia etc. The cattle runs to the Ak-Say valley in June and it is kept there until October. This means that grasslands are used irregularly. The seasonal dynamics of steppe communities’ productivity is characterized by regular growth of phytomass until blossom – the beginning of bearing whereas after this the accumulation of land mass is reduced. To rehabilitate the density of grassland the authors suggest to improve the water-air and nutritive regimes of soil in the terms of recreation followed by applying fertilizers of Natrium humate + N₆₀P₃₀K₁₅. The effect of fertilizers lasts for several years. The At-Bashy valley is an appropriate region for development of sheep breeding, horse breeding, meat cattle breeding and yak breeding. The valuable grassland massives are located in Ak-Say and the Chatyr-Kil closed depression.