ELIMINATION OF BIOTYPES OWNING VALUABLE PROPERTIES FOR BREEDING PRACTICE OUT OF SOFT WHEAT CULTIVARS WITH BIOTECHNOLOGICAL METHOD

Giving the example with soft wheat plants, the paper presents the research data that allow to develop new direction in breeding cereal crops The direction is based on the use of certain biotypes of the cultivars most adapted to their habitat and owning economic characteristics rather than the cultivars themselves as parental couples, the biotypes having qualitative gluten, drought resistance, plant productivity and other analogous traits. The attempt was made to derive from soft wheat cultivars those biotypes which possess economic properties with the aim to intensify the breeding process. The seeds of 12 soft wheat cultivars of Siberia served as the objects to examine. They referred to three ecotypes: Predbaikalsky, Zabaikalsky and West Siberian which were preliminarily grown under the same ecologic conditions – in Predbaikalye. To separate the cultivars of soft wheat the method designed by us was used, which allowed to derive 7 biotypes from each of the cultivar examined The novelty of the biotechnological direction, that is being developed, has been confirmed by authorized patents and has no world analogues both as concept and technique.

biotype, cultivar, gliadins, gluten, embryo, soft wheat, corymbs, epiblast, coleorhizae, embryonic roots

1. Vavilov N.I. Teoreticheskie osnovy selektsii. M.: Nauka, 1987. 512 p.

2. Gulyaev G.V., Dubinin A.P. Selektsiya i semenovodstvo polevykh kul’tur s osnovami genetiki. Izd. 3-e, pererab. i dop. M.: Kolos, 1980. 375 p.

3. Flyagsberger K.A. Pshenitsy. M.; L.: Sel’khozgiz, 1938. 296 p.

4. Konarev V.G. Belki pshenitsy. M.: Kolos, 1980. 351 p.

5. Kuleshov N.N. Formirovanie, naliv i sozrevanie zerna yarovoy pshenitsy v zavisimosti ot usloviy proizrastaniya. Zap. Khar’kov. SKhI. 1951. T. 7. pp. 51–139.

6. Oksiyuk P.F., Khudyak M.I. Vliyanie razlichnykh usloviy vyrashchivaniya i opyleniya na embriologicheskie protsessy u pshenitsy. Morfogenez rasteniy; red. V.G. Aleksandrov i dr. M.: Izd-vo MGU, 1961. T. 2. pp. 323–326.

7. Illi I.E. Fiziologiya formirovaniya biologicheskikh kachestv semyan yarovoy pshenitsy v usloviyakh Vostochnoy Sibiri: avtoref. dis. … d-ra biol. nauk. Dushanbe, 1989. 41 p.

8. Polovinkina S.V. Ekologo-biologicheskie osobennosti adaptatsii Triticum vulgare L. na nachal’nykh etapakh ontogeneza v usloviyakh Predbaykal’ya: avtoref. dis. … kand. biol. nauk. Ulan-Ude, 2010. 22 p.

9. Sposob opredeleniya statusa zerna pshenitsy po pokazatelyu kachestva ego kleykoviny: pat. 2295236 Ros. Federatsiya: MPK A01N 1/04 / I.E. Illi, G.D. Nazarova, V.V. Parygin, S.V. Polovinkina; zayavitel’ i patentoobladatel’ FGOU VPO IrGSKhA. № 2005113436; zayavl. 03.05.05; opubl. 20.03.07, Byul. № 8.

10. Sposob podgotovki fraktsiy semyan iz sortov myagkoy pshenitsy obladayushchikh svoystvom sil’noy pshenitsy: pat. 2279794 Ros. Federatsiya: MPK A01N 1/04 / I.E. Illi, G.D. Nazarova, S.V. Polovinkina, V.V. Parygin; zayavitel’ i patentoobladatel’ FGOU VPO IrGSKhA. № 2004116637; zayavl. 31.05.04; opubl. 20.07.06, Byul. № 20.

11. Buschuk W., Zilman R. Wheat cultivar identification by gliadinelectrophoregrams. Canad. J. PlantSe. 1979. Vol. 59, N 2. pp. 281–298.

12. Loohart G.L., Jones B.L. Am improved method for standardizing polyacrilamide gel electrophoresis of wheat gliadin proteins. Chereal Chem. 1982. Vol. 59, N 3. pp. 178–181.

13. Pokolaynen A.P., Evdokimova V.A. Apparat dlya elektroforeza v plastinchatom gele. Laboratornoe delo. 1982. № 5. pp. 294–297.

14. Batygina T.B. Khlebnoe zerno: atlas. L.: Nauka, 1987. 266 p.

15. Dospekhov B.A. Metodika polevogo opyta (s osnovami statisticheskoy obrabotki rezul’tatov issledovaniy). M.: Agropromizdat, 1985. 351 p.