Efficiency of organic and organo-mineral fertilizers based on chicken manure in the forest-steppe zone of Western Siberia and on sod-podzolic soils of Belarus

Chicken manure contains a complex of useful substances that are easily used by plants, but due to the large number of pathogens, its use can lead to environmental pollution. Currently, a promising direction is the use of poultry manure after additional processing. The article presents the results of studies conducted in the forest-steppe zone of Western Siberia in 2020–2023 at the field station of the Siberian Research Institute of Forage SFNCA RAS on leached medium-deep medium-loamy chernozems in order to study the effect of preparations based on chicken manure on the productivity of soybeans cultivated after fallow and grain predecessors, and the biological activity of the soil. The studies used processed chicken manure using a cavitator by distilling dry manure in the form of a 10% solution in water and obtaining fertilizers of various compositions. The possibility of replacing mineral nitrogen fertilizers with organic preparations based on chicken manure was established. It has been shown that pre-sowing application of preparations to the soil and vegetation treatment activate the vegetative development of plants and contribute to an increase in the yield of green mass and soybean grain. When cultivating soybeans for green mass, it is recommended to apply Preparation 1 to the fallow predecessor, which contributes to a reliable increase in the yield of green mass by 3.3 t/ha. To the grain predecessor - an increase in yield by 3.2 t/ha. A reliable increase in sowing soybeans for grain was obtained when applying Preparations 1 and 2 to the fallow predecessor, the grain yield increased by 2.6–3.0 c/ha and Preparation 3 to the grain predecessor. The article also presents the results of the agrochemical efficiency of granulated organic and organomineral fertilizers with modifying additives based on chicken manure in field experiments with lettuce and potatoes, and shows their influence on the yield and quality indicators of cultivated agricultural crops on sod-podzolic light loamy and loose sandy loam soils of the Republic of Belarus under the conditions of 2023–2024.

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