Development and improvement of methods for increasing the production of sweet pepper in the conditions of the forest-steppe zone of Western Siberia

Abstract

Sweet pepper is one of the promising vegetable crops, which is valued for its high content of various vitamins, organic acids, antioxidants, beneficial macro and microelements, and other substances necessary to maintain the normal functioning of the body. This crop has a wide distribution area, it is cultivated in almost all countries of the globe and has a high yield potential (more than 100 t/ha), but despite this, its average yield in Siberia is only 29 t/ha. The main reason for the low yield of sweet pepper is the lack of a scientifically based fertilizer application system in the region, and modern intensive varieties with a complex of economically valuable characteristics, environmental plasticity, resistance to harmful organisms and stress factors combined with high yield and product quality. This article describes the experience of applying various norms of liquid (CAS – 32) mineral nitrogen fertilizers on sweet pepper of Siberian breeding in protected soil conditions. The use of nitrogen fertilizers, especially their increased norms, has a significant impact on the periods of passage of the main phases of plant development and the growing season as a whole, which in some cases increased to 20 days. In addition, nitrogen fertilizers affect the formation of all elements of the crop structure and the productivity of the crop as a whole. Thus, according to the processed background, the yield of sweet pepper increased by more than 100% relative to the control. At the same time, the average doses of nitrogen fertilizers (N₈₀) were the most optimal. Under the influence of nitrogen fertilizers, there is an increase in dry matter by an average of 20%, total sugar by 57, and vitamin C by 39%.