Influence of sowing time on the productivity of narrow-leafed lupin under conditions of the Krasnoyarsk Forest-steppe

Experimental work was carried out in 2021–2023. in order to study the influence of sowing timing on the productivity of angustifolia lupine in the conditions of the Krasnoyarsk forest-steppe. The objectives of the research included determining the effect of the timing of sowing angustifolia lupine on seed germination and the safety of plants for harvesting; studying the influence of crop sowing timing on grain yield; assessment of the contribution of factors to the formation of lupine grain yield. The experimental design included three dates for sowing lupine: 1st date (early) – May 5; 2nd term (middle) – May 15; 3rd deadline (late) – May 25. The objects of research were narrow-leaved lupine varieties bred by the All-Russian Research Institute of Lupine Vityaz and Belozerny 110. The hydrothermal regime of growing seasons differed according to the years of observation: in June 2021, as well as in July and August 2022, plants experienced a lack of heat; in 2021 and 2023 there will be a moisture deficit. The research results showed that the field germination of seeds varied according to the experimental variants and depended on the moisture supply of the soil at the sowing depth, which developed under specific growing season conditions. The best seed germination of the Vityaz variety was noted at early sowing dates in 2021 and 2022, and at late sowing dates in 2023; for the Belozerny variety 110 at the average sowing time in 2021, at the late sowing time in 2022 and in 2023. The safety of plants for harvesting decreased from the first sowing period to the third for both the Vityaz variety and the Belozerny 110 variety. Early sowing of lupine provides the highest grain yield of the crop. On average over the years of the experiment, the yield of the Vityaz variety during early sowing was 12.4 c/ha; during the average sowing period, the crop productivity was 12.9% lower, and at the late sowing period it was 50.8 % lower. A similar trend is observed in the variety Belozerny 110: in the 1st sowing period the average yield was 12.2 c/ha, in the 2nd period it was 11.5 % less, in the 3rd period it was 44.3% less. The formation of lupine productivity is significantly dependent on both the timing of sowing (contribution of the factor – 34.7–47.4 %) and on the growing season conditions (contribution of the factor – 39.6–51.9 %).

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