Changes in productivity and fructification of vine plantations depending on the application of various agronomic techniques

Abstract

The research aims to study the growth, development, and productivity of two grape varieties cultivated in different climatic zones using various agronomic techniques. At the same time, some grape varieties bred by foreign breeders have been tested and are successfully grown in the industrial vineyards of the country. In their work, the authors analyzed the effects of different agronomic practices and influences on the technical variety Crystal of the Hungarian selection and the table variety Augustin of the Bulgarian selection under different climatic conditions. Taking into account the biological characteristics of the grape varieties and the right choice of farming techniques can unlock the full potential plant and give the maximum possible effect. The key factors are the method of bush formation and grape shoot load, among all agro techniques used in plantations during grape cultivation. The authors evaluated the efficiency of the techniques used in the course of their research on the indicators of shoot fructification and quantitative and qualitative yield indices. The authors found that the yield of the Augustin variety was 55-95% lower than that of the Crystal variety when using the same shrubs. Only the rate of bush shoot load varied. The maximum yield of variety Crystal was established in the variant with a Y-shaped formation of bushes and was 17.3 t/ha. The shoot development was at 67-72% in both varieties, but the fruiting capacity of the shoots of the variety Crystal was almost two times higher.