Formation of productivity elements of variety “Uralsky” of oil fax plants in the conditions of Middle Pre-Urals

Abstract

In the article the authors presented the results of two-year research on formation of the elements of plant productivity of oilseed flax cultivar Uralsky. The research was carried out on the educational and scientific experimental field of Perm State Technical University. Research results show that low temperatures and significant amount of precipitation (GTC - 2.72) increase the duration of oilseed flax vegetation by 11 days. Vegetation duration is due to prolongation of the interphase period “flowering - yellow ripeness” in comparison with normal weather conditions (GTC - 1,36). The dynamics of formation of the number of bolls per plant and productivity of oilseed flax plants depends on weather conditions. The maximum number of bolls per plant and plant productivity are formed until the phase of 100% brown bolls in the crop under cool weather with significant precipitation. Under normal weather conditions, the maximum number of bolls and productivity of the plant are formed by the phase of early yellow maturity (25% of brown bolls). The productivity of the plant does not depend significantly on weather conditions. The dynamics of formation of the number of seeds in the boll and the weight of 1000 seeds does not depend on weather conditions. In the phase of yellow ripeness when 50% of bolls turn brown, seed moisture is reduced to 31-34%. This ripeness allows two-phase harvesting or single-phase harvesting with preliminary desiccation of the crop. From the phase of yellow maturity, the moisture content of seeds depends on the amount of precipitation during the preceding interphase period and can significantly increase with precipitation.