Seed productivity of rapeseed hybrid

Abstract

The authors cited the results of studying the seed productivity of rape hybrids of German selection in the soil and climatic conditions of the Krasnoyarsk forest-steppe. The studies were conducted at the experimental plot of the Borsky educational and experimental-production complex of the Krasnoyarsk State Agrarian University (in 2018-2019). The weather conditions of the observation period differed from multi-year data. In 2018, acutely dry conditions were recorded against elevated temperatures from May to August. In 2019, the authors observed a highly uneven rainfall distribution during the growing season. Lack of moisture was noted in May and July 2019; temperatures exceeded the climatic norm all season. A comparative evaluation of the following F1 rapeseed hybrids is presented: Salsa KL, Cultus KL, Currie KL and Lumen. The results of the two-year research showed that the best preservation of plants for harvesting was observed for hybrid Lumen 93.2%, the lowest indicator for F1 Salsa KL was 78.1% of plants preserved. The ability to produce fruit is higher in the Salsa CL hybrid, with an average of 202 pods per plant over two years of observation. The other hybrids had fewer generative pods, ranging from 139 pods in the Currie KL hybrid to 149 in the Lumen hybrid. The highest fruit number was observed for the Currie CL hybrid (31-32 seeds per pod) in each year of the study (the threshold value for spring rapeseed is 40 seeds). Less than in other hybrids, the Lumen hybrid had 22-24 origins in a pod. The authors revealed that the number of seeds in the pod is influenced more by the combination’s genotype than by the pollination period’s weather conditions. The weight of 1000 seeds in spring rape, depending on the hybrid’s biological characteristics and the growing season’s weather conditions, can be 3-5 grams. The complete grains were formed in hybrid Lumen on average for two years of observation weight of 1000 grains was 3.9 g, the smallest seeds in hybrid Kultus KL 3.2 g. All the studied hybrids of spring rape are highly productive. F1 Currie KL was the most effective in oilseed yield, averaging 7.22 t/ha over the study period.