ECOLOGICAL ESTIMATION OF PASTURE VEGETATION IN TUNKINSKY AREA OF BURYAT REPUBLIC

Abstract

The basis of proper usage of natural pastures is to know the regulations of formation and development of grass stand, pasturage effects on pastureland status as well as on economic demands for the one. Flora and vegetation ecological analysis allows for more substantial approach to the events on restoration of degraded pastures, their conservation and rational utilization, particularly on the lands of preserved natural territories. The following types of pastures are discerned on the territory explored: small grain-herbs-sedge (Carex), filamentous leaf herbs, herbs-bluegrass, steppe-like herbal meadow, leymus herbal pasture (virgin land). The most productive are herbal steppe-like meadow pasture (5.9hwt/ha) and leymus herbal pasture. Cereal (64 %) and leguminous (34 %) crops dominate among economically valuable plants, nutritious and high yielding ones. Ecological analysis was done in the flora of the most widely spread associations of herbal vegetation of forage land economic types and it showed that xerophytic and mesoxerophytic grass species of Рoaceae, Fabaceae and Asteraceae families dominate in the structure of pasture phytocenoses.