SYMBIOTIC APPARATUS DEVELOPMENT OF LEGUMINOUS CROPS IN UNI-AND POLYSPECIES SOWINGS

Research data testify to the expediency of moldboard soil cultivation with harrowing before and after shoots emergence in forest grey soils of West Siberia’s subtaiga zone for the symbiotic apparatus of grain legumes to develop. Herewith favorable agrophysical properties of soil plow layer are preserved, particularly less compactness and hence, later soil transmission to natural balanced conditions. Growth stimulating preparations and mineral fertilizers encourage better formation and development of nodule bacteria and facilitate the highest productivity of green mass in leguminous crops in uni- and polyspecies sowings. As a result of the research conducted it was identified that in polyspecies sowings, there was observed positive interaction of the mixture components for nitrogen fixing activity and nitrogen consumption by plants, which added to higher rates of biomass formation and sowings productivity. Thus, the highest yield of green mass was obtained in the three-component mixture of oat x pea x broad beans, its best option averaged roughly 33.2-34.5 t/ha, dry matter obtained was 9.51-9.87, feed units made up 8.10-8.89 t/ha, digestible protein and exchangeable energy were 960-1045 kg/ha and 105-126 MJoule/ha, respectively. Moldboard soil cultivation with crops harrowing before and after shoots emergence with concurrent application of growth stimulating preparations and mineral fertilizers encouraged better formation and development of nodule bacteria in all the sowing options. Thus, in pea sowing as a unispecies the quantity and weight of nodules made up 54.6 mln. units/ha and 131.1 kg/ha, respectively. As for polysowings, nodules quantity and weight were 34.7 mln. units/ha and 88.6 kg/ha in a two-component mixture, 47.6 mln. units/ha and 134.0 kg/ha in a three-component mixture, respectively.

клубеньковые бактерии, азотфиксация, горох, кормовые бобы, овес, урожайность, подтаежная зона, nodule bacteria, nitrogen-fixation, peas, broad beans, oat, productivity, subtaiga zone

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