Yield and quality of potatoes depending on the application of microelements in the northern forest-steppe Ob in Novosibirsk

Abstract

The aim of the work is to study the effectiveness of the use of trace elements on potato varieties of different ripeness groups in the northern forest-steppe Ob in the Novosibirsk region. Experimental data were obtained on leached black soil of Novosibirsk region in 2017–2019. The generally accepted technology of potato cultivation was used for the experiments. Since autumn, fertilizers at a dose of P₉₀K₉₀ were applied as a general background for potatoes. Nitrogen fertilizers (60 kg / ha) were applied in the spring for pre-sowing cultivation. Foliar dressing with microelements (Cu, B, Zn) was used at the beginning of the budding phase of potato plants: copper – 20, boron – 45, zinc – 50 g of active ingredient per 1 ha with a working fluid consumption of 300 l/ha. Trace elements increased the growth and development rates of potato varieties of three groups of ripeness. In varieties Liubava (early), Svitanok Kievsky (mid-early), Tuleevsky (mid-season), the use of trace elements contributed to an increase in the development indicators of the photosynthetic apparatus (maximum and average leaf area and plant productivity) by an average of 21%, especially against the background of boron and zinc. Foliar dressing of potatoes increased the yield parameters by an average of 24 % relative to the control (water). The increase in the marketability of tubers reached 12 %. A greater effect was achieved against the background of boron use: a significant increase in yield, dry matter, starch, vitamin C. In variants with microelements, the susceptibility of potatoes by rhizoctonysis decreased.