The influence of growing conditions on the nutrient composition of table grape varieties in Dagestan

Abstract

The paper presents the results of a study on the content of free amino acids, including essential ones, vitamins C and P, biologically important macro- and microelements in table grapes of the middle ripening varieties Ag raisins, Vezne, Galan, Hamburg Muscat and Samur, cultivated on the plain in Southern Dagestan Region. The qualitative composition and quantitative content of free amino acids were determined by HPLC on an AAA-881 analyzer. Amino acids tryptophan, cystine and methionine were identified by paper chromatography due to the fact that they decompose when exposed to a temperature of 102 ° C in the amino analyzer reactor. The mass concentration of vitamin C was identified titrimetrically, vitamin P was identified colorimetrically (FEK-56M, Russia), the mineral composition of grapes was identified by flame and atomic absorption photometry using Flapho-4 (Germany) and Hitachi-208 (Japan) devices. Each of the varieties had 18 amino acids, including a full set of essential ones. The total number of detected amino acids was 368.5 (Ag raisins) - 279.9 mg / dm³ (Vezne), and irreplaceable ones - from 103.8 (Hamburg muscat) to 132.4 mg / dm³ (Ag raisins). All experimental grape samples contained vitamins C, from 2.6 (Galan) to 3.7 mg / dm³ (Ag raisins) and P - from 78.0 (Samur) to 131.3 mg / dm³ (Galan), as well as physiologically important minerals. Studies have shown that in terms of the amount of free amino acids, including essential vitamins C and P, healthy minerals, such grapes as Ag raisins, Vezne, Galan, Hamburg and Samur Muscat, grown in the south of Dagestan are natural products with functional properties. Eating it fresh contributes to the normalization of metabolic processes in the human body. Additionally, these grapes can be successfully used as a raw material for the production of multicomponent functional food.