DOWN PRODUCTIVITY AND GENOTYPIC CHARACTERISTICS OF BLG GENE POLYMORPHISM AND BLOOD GROUPS OF GOATS IN GORNY ALTAI

The data on the down productivity of the Altai white down breed and the Gorny Altai down breed of the Chuya type in breeding herds of the Altai Republic are presented. According to the valuation data for 2019, the amount of down from goats (male) was 1.50 - 1.55, from goats (female) - 0.70-0.74 kg. Down productivity meets the requirements of the breed standard, the content of down in relation to the awn is within 75%. The down is equalized in fineness.The density is estimated at 4 points. The live weight of goats (m) is 68-73, of goats (f) - 41-43 kg. In the studied BLG gene, 2 alleles and 3 genotypes were identified. The frequency of these alleles and genotypes in goats with gray and white down has some differences. White goats are characterized by a higher frequency of the S₁S₁ genotype (by 8.3–11.5%) and a lower frequency of the S₂ S₂ genotype (by 14.1–17.4%) in comparison with goats with gray down (P ≤ 0.05; P ≤ 0.01). Accordingly, in goats of the white down breed, a higher frequency of the S₁ allele (by 0.115-0.148) was revealed, and in goats with gray down, the S2 allele (by 0.115-0.148, P ≥ 0.01) in comparison with the alternative allele. The gene balance is not disturbed (χ₂ = 0.530 - 2.720). The immunogenetic characteristics of gray and white goats are given for 14 antigens. Goats of the Altai white downy breed and the Gorny Altai downy breed of the Chuya type have a similarity in antigens Bi, R, O₁, Da and a difference in the frequencies of antigens of blood groups Ab, Be, Bb, Bg, Ca. Herds of Altai white downy goats differ in frequencies Aa, Ab, Ca, Mb and O₁ . The genetic similarity index between herds of the Altai White Down breed is 0.985, between herds of different breeds - 0.947-0.948.

goats, down productivity, genotype, allele, polymorphism, heterozygosity

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