NITROGEN REGIME OF LEACHED CHERNOZEMS OF THE NOVOSIBIRSK OB REGION WHEN APPLYING MINERAL FERTILIZERS IN THE GRAIN CROP ROTATION
https://doi.org/10.31677/2072-6724-2020-56-3-18-28
Abstract
It was found that in a meter-thick layer of chernozem leached in a pure bare fallow field crop rotation: bare fallow-wheat-wheat-wheat steam can accumulate up to 70 kg / ha of nitrate nitrogen, 50–70% of which is concentrated in a layer of 0–40 cm, and the supply of plants very high. The content and reserves of nitrogen in the layers 0–40 and 0–100 cm of soil in all variants of the experiment had a high direct relationship with the reserves of productive moisture, the correlation coefficients (r) were 0.88–0.99 and 0.84–0.98, respectively. Mineral fertilizers applied by various methods in the form of fertilizer with nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium (Azofoska) at a dose of 43 kg a. s. / ha did not compensate for the nitrogen removal by spring wheat; their supply of plants at the end of the crop rotation remained very low. At the same time, 50–70% of its reserves were concentrated in the 0–40 cm soil layer. The greatest absorption of nitrogen by microorganisms in the arable soil layer occurred in the control, and mineral fertilizers reduced it by 2 times. Nitrogen deficiency in the soil on average for 3 years in the control was 30 kg / ha, and with the introduction of azophoska in rows, scattered and locally – 23; 10 and 9 kg / ha, respectively. The largest increase in wheat yield and payback of 1 kg of a. s. of mineral fertilizers with grain was obtained with spread and row application – 23 and 26% to the control and 10 and 11 kg / kg, respectively, the smallest – with local – 9% and 4 kg / kg.
About the Author
L. P. Galeeva
Novosibirsk state agrarian University
Russian Federation
doctor of agricultural Sciences, associate Professor
Russian Federation
doctor of agricultural Sciences, associate Professor
References
1. Kudeyarov V.N. Ciklazota v pochveijeffektivnost» udobrenij (The nitrogen cycle in the soil and the fertilizer efficiency), Moscow: Nauka, 1989, 216 р.
2. Gamzikov G.P., Kostrik G.I., Emelyanova V.N. Balans I prevrashhenie azota udobrenij (Fertilizer nitrogen balance and conversion), Novosibirsk: Nauka, Sib. otd-nie, 1985, 160 р.
3. Mukha V.D. Estestvenno-antropogennaja jevoljucija pochv (obshhie zakonomernosti I zonal’nye osobennosti) (Natural and anthropogenic evolution of soils (general patterns and zonal features)), Moscow: KolosS, 2004, 271 р.
4. Titlyanova А.А. Agrocenozy stepnoj zony, Novosibirsk: Nauka. Sib. otd-nie, 1984, рр. 151–164. (In Russ.)
5. Gamzikov G.P. Agrohimija azota v agrocenozah (Agrochemistry of nitrogen in agrocenoses), Novosibirsk: RASHN, Sib. otd-nie, 2013, 790 р.
6. Kirillov S.L., Zavalnyuk A.V., Vestnik NGAU, 2011, No. 2 (18), pp. 123–128. (In Russ.)
7. Trapeznikov A.V., Ivanov I.I., Talvinskaya N.G., Anokhina N.L. Agrohimija, 2009, No. 7, рр. 11–19. (In Russ.)
8. Kolbin S.A. Optimizacija azotnogo pitanija jarovoj pshenicy na chernozjome vyshhelochennom v svjazi s izmenchivost’ju gidrotermicheskih uslovij v lesostepi Priob’ja (Optimization of nitrogen nutrition of spring wheat on leached chernozem in connection with the variability of hydrothermal conditions in the forest-steppe of the Ob region). Extended abstract of candidate’s thesis, Novosibirsk, 2019, 19 р.
9. Galeeva L.P. Agrohimicheskij vestnik, 2011, No. 5, рр. 43–45. (In Russ.)
10. Sposoby vnesenija mineral’nyh udobrenij pod jarovuju pshenicu v Sibiri: Rekomendacii (Methods of applying mineral fertilizers for spring wheat in Siberia: Recommendations), RASHN, Sib. otd-nie, SibNIIZHim, Novosibirsk, 1991, 40 р.
11. Arinushkina E.V.Rukovodstvo po himicheskomu analizu pochv (Soil Chemical Analysis Guide), Moscow: Izd-vo MGU, 1970, 487 р.
12. Vance E.D., Brookes P.C., Jenkins D.S. An extraction method to measure soil microbial biomass, Soil Biol. Biochem, 1987, Vol. 19, рр. 703–707.
13. Sorokin O.D. Prikladnaja statistika na komp’jutere (Applied statistics on a computer), Novosibirsk: GUP RPO SO RASHN, 2009, 222 р.
14. Vlasenko A.N., Sharkov I.N., Shoba V.N., Kolbin S.A., Zemledelie, 2015, No. 1, pp. 25–27. (In Russ.)
15. Sharkov I.N. Mineralizacija I balans organicheskogo veshhestva v pochvah agrocenozov Zapadnoj Sibiri (Mineralization and balance of organic matter in soils of agrocenoses in Western Siberia). Extended abstract of Doctor’s thesis, Novosibirsk, 1997, 37 р.
16. Galeeva L.P. Plodorodie pochv I ocenka produktivnosti zemledelija (Soil fertility and assessment of crop productivity), Proceedings of the Conference Title, July 18–20, 2018, Tyumen: GAU Northern TransUrals, 2018, рр. 162–168. (In Russ.)
17. Evdokimov I.V. Azot mikrobnoj biomassy v pochve, ego transformacija I ispol’zovanie rastenijami (Microbial biomass nitrogen in soil, its transformation and use by plants). Extended abstract of candidate’s thesis, Moscow, 1992, 17 р.
18. Вlagodatsky S.A. Mikrobiologicheskaja immobilizacija azota v seroj lesnoj pochve v zavisimosti ot agrotehnicheskih prijomov (Microbiological immobilization of nitrogen in gray forest soil, depending on agricultural practices). Extended abstract of candidate’s thesis, Moscow, 1987, 25 р.
19. Blagodatsky S.A., Bogomolova I.N., Blagodatskaya E.V. Mikrobiologija, 2008, T. 77, No. 1, рр. 113–120. (In Russ.)
20. Savenkov O.A. Osnovnye parametry cikla azota i ih modelirovanie v agrocenozah severnoj lesostepi Zapadnoj Sibiri (The main parameters of the nitrogen cycle and their modeling in agrocenoses of the northern forest-steppe of Western Siberia). Extended abstract of candidate’s thesis, Novosibirsk, 2004, 18 р.
21. Naumova N.B., Barsukov P.A., Sibirskiy biologicheskiy zhurnal, 1991, Vyp. 3, рр. 59–67. (In Russ.)
22. Nazaryuk V.M. Balans i transformacija azota v agrojekosistemah (Nitrogen balance and transformation in agroecosystems), Novosibirsk, Izd-vo SO RAN, 2002, 257 р.
23. Derzhavin L.M., Agrohimija, 2007, No. 12, рр. 3–17. (In Russ.)
Review
For citations:
Galeeva L.P. NITROGEN REGIME OF LEACHED CHERNOZEMS OF THE NOVOSIBIRSK OB REGION WHEN APPLYING MINERAL FERTILIZERS IN THE GRAIN CROP ROTATION. Bulletin of NSAU (Novosibirsk State Agrarian University). 2020;(3):18-28. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.31677/2072-6724-2020-56-3-18-28
Views:
370
Email this article 
