THE IMPACT OF ANIMAL MANAGEMENT TECHNOLOGIES ON THE PHYSICAL AND PHYSIOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT OF REPLACEMENT GILTS

The paper find out the regularities of physical and physiological development of the replacement young pigs, bred at different housing technologies. The experiment was conducted in OOO “SVK” Krasnogvardeyskiy district (industrial technology) and “SHP Svobodny trud” (traditional technology) of Novoselytsya districts of Stavropol Territory. In order to conduct the experiment on the basis of analogues, the Company selected bipedal pigs (50% large white (CB) + 50% Landrace (L)) aged one month. Each group had 25 pigs. In order to study the development of reproductive organs at the age of 6 and 8 months, a control slaughter of experimental animals was carried out (3 pigs from each group). The live body weight of 6-month-old pigs in OOO “SVK” averaged 110 kg, while in OOO “SHP “Svobodnyy trud” the animals weight was 67-70 kg. At the age of 8 months, the weight of animals in “SHP “Svobodnyy trud” was 103-110 kg, and in OOO “SVK” - 145-150 kg. At the age of 180 days the animal reproductive organs were at the initial stage of development. Only primary follicles of 0.1-0.3 cm in diameter were observed in ovaries weighing 3.1-3.5 g. The bipedal hybrids grown on the intensive technology were inferior to the pigs with the traditional technology of breeding for the development of reproductive organs. They had a lower uterine weight by 9.1%, ovarian weight by 12.9%, and the length of uterine and ovarian horns by 10.9 and 8.6%, respectively. Repair pigs grown according to the traditional technology had ovaries weighing 9.2 g and had fresh yellow bodies. When growing guinea pigs under industrial technology, the rejection of first-pigs amounted to 63.6%, while in the case of animals grown under traditional technology, this indicator was within 26.6%.

pig breeding, growing technology, farms, replacement young pigs, fertility, body weight, reproductive organs

1. Rachkov I.G., Semenov V.V., Kononova L.V., Lozovoi V.I., Cherepanova N.F. Svinovodstvo, 2016, No. 6, pp. 42-44. (In Russ.)

2. Pogodaev V.A., Rachkov I.G. Agrar. nauch. Zhurn, 2018, No. 3, pp. 27-33. (In Russ.)

3. Pogodaev V.A., Peshkov A.D., Shnakhov A.M. Svinovodstvo, 2010, No. 6, pp. 16-18. (In Russ.)

4. Rachkov I.G., Kononova L.V. Zootekhniya, 2014, No. 3, pp. 25-27. (In Russ.)

5. Strel’tsov V.A. Proizvodstvo ekologicheski bezopasnoi produktsii rastenievodstva i zhivotnovodstva, (Manufacture of ecologically safe production of crops and livestock), Proceedings of the International Science and Prakt. Conf., Bryansk, 2004, pp. 364-366. (In Russ.)

6. Pogodaev V.A., Ponomarev O.V., Kits E.A., Pogodaev A.V. Vestn. Veterinarii, 2003, No. 2(26), pp. 21-25. (In Russ.)

7. Pogodaev V., Panasenko V., Ponomarev O. Svinovodstvo, 2002, No. 2, pp. 13-15. (In Russ.)

8. Sharapova N.A., Pokhodnya G.S., Fedorchuk E.G., Narizhnyi A.G. Proshloe, nastoyashchie i budushchee zootekhnicheskoi nauki. Svinovodstvo, (Past, present and future of animal science. Pig production), Proceedings of the International Science and Prakt. Conf. to the 75th anniversary of VIZ, Dubrovitsy, 2004, Issue 62, Vol. 2, pp. 212-214. (In Russ.)

9. Polivoda A.M., Strobykina R.V., Lyubetskii M.D. Metodiki issledovanii po svinovodstvu (Methods of research on pig breeding), Kharkiv, 1977, 225 p.

10. Plokhinskii N.A. Rukovodstvo po biometrii dlya zootekhnikov (Guide to biometrics for livestock), Moscоw: Kolos, 1969, 256 p.