Revisiting methodology of thermophilic vegetable plants application in Siberia

Given the narrow range of cultivated vegetable plant species in Russia and the worldwide trend of impoverishment of their biochemical composition simultaneously with the globalization of agriculture and food, it is necessary to study process of introduction of a new for Russia plant species and forms for their functional food ingredients content and other parameters. The research carried out in the Central Siberian Botanical garden SB RAS, (Novosibirsk, 54 ° N 83 ° E) explains methodological approaches for introduction of warm-requiring vegetable crops including the creation of initial material and new breed varieties with a set of valuable biochemical, morphobiological traits and consumer qualities. A large collection of plants was used in the study from 1986 to 2017 in greenhouse and outdoor conditions. In order to select plants in Siberia and obtain forecasting assessment, the author proposes to use the list of parameters that take into account the value of biochemical composition, degree of species genetic diversity, duration of growing season, heat demand, productivity, seed production efficiency, fruit storage ability, requirements in seedlings cultivation, resistance to diseases and pests, simplicity and manufacturability of product processing, compliance with the traditional taste preferences of Russians. Using the methods of inter - and intraspecific hybridization and breeding, 19 tomato varieties and 5 varieties of new for Russia crops (cowpea, bitter melon, kiwano and wax gourd) are included into the State Register of Breeding Achievements for cultivation. Their features collections with a complex of valuable morphological and biological and biochemical parameters, including resistance to the most dangerous diseases in the region are supported. The cultivars offered for agricultural production and food industry can become the basis for producing functional food products in Russia.

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