Phytosanitary and economic foundations of melilot in the southern forest-steppe of Novosibirsk region

The research aims at evaluation of biological and economic efficiency of melilot cultivation in the southern forest-steppe of Novosibirsk region. The research was conducted in 2010 – 2016 by means of conventional methods. The biological effects of melilot in treatment of wheat underground organs from root rot was 13.9-38.8% (average 31.3%) in the beginning of growing season; in the end of the growing season it was 32.1-66% (average 43%) in comparison with recultivation of spring wheat. The pathogenic complex of root rot consisted of B. sorokiniana (18.343%) and Fusarium fungi (63.9-81.7%). The authors found out F. gibbosum, F. sporotrichioides,F. oxysporum, F. avenaceum, F. solani.mong fungi among Fusarium. The research revealed domination of Trichoderma fungi among the antagonistic species. The effect of melilot as a fore crop in increasing spring wheat yield was observed as 31-68,7% (average 44%) with a simultaneous decrease in Bipolaris sorokiniana grain population and Fusarium fungi in 2 times in comparison with re-cultivation of spring wheat. The authors highlight that economic evaluation of melilot cultivation in the southern forest-steppe of Novosibirsk region is 80.7% profitable in case melilot is grown as a fore crop of spring wheat. IThe authors observed reducing grain costs on 53.4 RUB/ hwt compared to recultivation of wheat. Comprehensive economic assessment of melilot cultivation showed higher profitability caused by sale of honey and haylage harvesting.

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