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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vestngau</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник университета биотехнологий</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Vestnik University of biotechnologiy</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">3033-8433</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Publishing Centre “Zolotoy Kolos” of Novosibirsk State Agrarian University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31677/3033-8433-2026-21-1-193-206</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vestngau-2852</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ВЕТЕРИНАРИЯ, ЗООТЕХНИЯ И БИОТЕХНОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>VETERINARY, ANIMAL SCIENCES AND BIOTECHNOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Особенности кластерного анализа на основе частот эритроцитарных антигенов групп крови свиней</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Features of cluster analysis based on the frequencies of erythrocyte antigens of pig blood groups</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шатохин</surname><given-names>К. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shatokhin</surname><given-names>K. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>старший научный сотрудник лаборатории прикладной биоинформатики, кандидат биологических наук</p><p>Новосибирск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Senior Researcher at the Laboratory of Applied Bioinformatics, Candidate of Biological Sciences</p><p>Novosibirsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Никитин</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nikitin</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>старший научный сотрудник лаборатории молекулярной генетики и селекции сельскохозяйственных животных, кандидат биологических наук</p><p>Новосибирск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Senior Researcher at the Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Breeding of Farm Animals, Candidate of Biological Sciences</p><p>Novosibirsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кочнев</surname><given-names>Н. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kochnev</surname><given-names>N. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор биологических наук, профессор</p><p>Новосибирск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Biological Sciences, professor</p><p>Novosibirsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Сибирский государственный университет инженерии и биотехнологий</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Siberian State University of Engineering and Biotechnology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт цитологии и генетики СО РАН</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Cytology and Genetics</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>12</day><month>08</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>193</fpage><lpage>206</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Шатохин К.С., Никитин С.В., Кочнев Н.Н., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Шатохин К.С., Никитин С.В., Кочнев Н.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Shatokhin K.S., Nikitin S.V., Kochnev N.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vestngau.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/2852">https://vestngau.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/2852</self-uri><abstract><p>Работа посвящена оценке эффективности различных методов расчета дистанций на основе частот аллелей эритроцитарных антигенов групп крови для филогенетического кластерного анализа популяций свиней. Была поставлена цель сравнить точность и адекватность различных метрик расстояний при восстановлении известных заранее родственных связей между группами домашних и диких свиней. В анализе задействованы дистанции Эвклида, Манхэттена, Канберра, Чебышева, а также специализированные  генетические  дистанции  Нея,  Эдвардса,  Роджерса,  Превости  и  Рейнольдса.  В  качестве  объектов исследования использовались 12 популяций, включая мини-свиней Института цитологии и генетики СО РАН, крупную белую породу, ландрас, кемеровскую породу, а также различные подвиды дикого кабана. Для валидации результатов использовалась внешняя оценка на основе известной генеалогической истории популяций. Точность методов оценивалась с помощью корреляции Спирмена между дистанциями и рангами родства. Результаты показали, что большинство протестированных дистанций демонстрируют слабую или умеренную корреляцию с реальными филогенетическими связями. Дендрограммы, построенные на основе различных метрик, часто группировали неродственные популяции вместе и не отражали ожидаемой кластеризации по происхождению. Была выдвинута гипотеза, что это связано с относительно низким уровнем полиморфизма эритроцитарных антигенов групп крови по сравнению с такими современными маркёрами, как микросателлиты или SNP. Сделан вывод о непригодности частот аллелей эритроцитарных антигенов групп крови для точного восстановления филогенетических отношений между популяциями свиней.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>This work is devoted to evaluating the effectiveness of various methods for calculating distances based on the frequencies of alleles of erythrocyte antigens of blood groups for phylogenetic cluster analysis of pig populations. The aim was to compare the accuracy and adequacy of various distance metrics when restoring previously known kinship relationships between groups of domestic and wild pigs. The analysis involved the distances of Euclid, Manhattan, Canberra, Chebyshev, as well as the specialized genetic distances of Ney, Edwards, Rogers, Prevost, and Reynolds. 12 populations were used as research objects, including mini pigs of ICiG SB RAS, large white breed, Landrace, Kemerovo breed, as well as various subspecies of wild boar. An external assessment based on the known genealogical history of the populations was used to validate the results. The accuracy of the methods was assessed using Spearman’s correlation between distance and kinship ranks. The results showed that most of the tested distances show weak or moderate correlation with real phylogenetic relationships. Dendrograms based on various metrics often grouped unrelated populations together and did not reflect the expected clustering by origin. It has been hypothesized that this is due to the relatively low level of polymorphism of erythrocyte antigens of blood groups compared with such modern markers as microsatellites or SNPs. It is concluded that the frequencies of alleles of erythrocyte antigens of blood groups are unsuitable for accurate reconstruction of phylogenetic relationships between pig populations. </p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>мини-свиньи</kwd><kwd>филогенетический анализ</kwd><kwd>эритроцитарные антигены</kwd><kwd>группы крови</kwd><kwd>генетические дистанции</kwd><kwd>дендрограммы</kwd><kwd>сельское хозяйство</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>mini-pigs</kwd><kwd>phylogenetic analysis</kwd><kwd>erythrocyte antigens</kwd><kwd>blood groups</kwd><kwd>genetic distances</kwd><kwd>dendrograms</kwd><kwd>agriculture</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа поддержана бюджетным проектом № FWNR-2026-1002.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Genetic Diversity and Population Structure of Six Autochthonous Pig Breeds from Croatia, Serbia, and Slovenia / M. 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