vestngauВестник университета биотехнологийVestnik University of biotechnologiy3033-8433Publishing Centre “Zolotoy Kolos” of Novosibirsk State Agrarian University10.31677/3033-8433-2026-21-1-172-183vestngau-2850Research ArticleВЕТЕРИНАРИЯ, ЗООТЕХНИЯ И БИОТЕХНОЛОГИЯVETERINARY, ANIMAL SCIENCES AND BIOTECHNOLOGYИнновационные репродуктивные технологии в области сохранения in vitro и использования гамет самок сельскохозяйственных птиц (обзор)Innovative reproductive technologies for in vitro preservation and utilization of female gametes from domestic birds (review)СилюковаЮ. Л.SilyukovaYu. L.

кандидат биологических наук, научный сотрудник

Санкт-Петербург

PhD in Biology, Research Associate

Saint Petersburg

svadim33@mail.ruСтанишевскаяО. И.StanishevskayaO. I.

доктор биологических наук, главный научный сотрудник

Санкт-Петербург

Doctor of Biological Sciences, Chief Research Associate

Saint Petersburg

Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт генетики и разведения сельскохозяйственных животных – филиал Федерального государственного бюджетного научного учреждения «Федеральный исследовательский центр животноводства – ВИЖ им. академика Л.К. Эрнста»РоссияRussian Research Institute of Farm Animal Genetics and Breeding — Branch of the L.K. Ernst Federal Research Center for Animal HusbandryRussian Federation20261208202601172183Copyright © Силюкова Ю.Л., Станишевская О.И., 20262026Силюкова Ю.Л., Станишевская О.И.Silyukova Y.L., Stanishevskaya O.I.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://vestngau.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/2850

Стремительное сокращение биоразнообразия сельскохозяйственных птиц и их диких сородичей требует разработки эффективных методов его сохранения in vitro. Создание криобанков долговременного хранения репродуктивных клеток птиц является актуальным стратегическим решением данной проблемы. Однако на сегодняшний день разработаны эффективные протоколы криогенного сохранения только сперматозоидов птиц. Замораживание яйцеклеток птиц остается невозможным, что ведет к утрате генетической информации ядерной и митохондриальной ДНК матерей. Использование достижений в области получения и культивирования первичных плюрипотентных клеток (PGCs) и эмбриональных гонадных половых клеток (GGCs) является жизнеспособной альтернативой в решении проблемы сохранения генофонда птиц. Преимущество протоколов с использованием GGCs состоит в раннем определении пола донора и направленном сохранении in vitro женского репродуктивного материала. Кроме того, существует возможность низкотемпературного интраовариального сохранения женских гамет птиц. Активно развивается направление по использованию замороженных и оттаянных тканей яичников как эмбрионального, так и постнатального происхождения в качестве будущих трансплантатов. Успех использования донорского репродуктивного материала в значительной степени зависит от подготовки (стерилизации) реципиентов. В ведущих мировых лабораториях достигнуты впечатляющие результаты по получению потомства сельскохозяйственных птиц обоих полов при использовании донорского репродуктивного материала. В представленном обзоре освещается достигнутый прогресс в развитии комплекса технологий в области сохранения и использования репродуктивного материала птиц in vitro: эмбриональных клеток, донорских тканей яичников, трансплантации тканей реципиентам. Развитие биотехнологий для манипуляций с донорским материалом самок птиц будет способствовать достижению целей мирового научного сообщества по предотвращению утраты биологического разнообразия сельскохозяйственных птиц и в дальнейшем найдет применение при восстановлении пород и видов птиц, находящихся на сегодняшний день в состоянии риска исчезновения. Дополнительным аргументом значимости развития данных технологий является значительное экономическое преимущество при реконструкции исчезающих пород, по сравнению с использованием только криоконсервированного семени при проведении многократного возвратного скрещивания с близкой по фенотипу породой.

The swift reduction in the biodiversity of farm birds and their wild relatives necessitates the development of effective in vitro preservation methods. Creation of cryobanks for long-term storage of avian reproductive cells represents a relevant strategic solution to this problem. However, to date, effective protocols for cryogenic preservation have been developed for bird spermatozoa only. Egg cryopreservation in birds remains impossible, which leads to loss of genetic information, namely nuclear and mitochondrial DNA of female birds. The utilization of the latest advances in production and cultivation of primordial germ cells (PGSs) and embryonic gonadal germ cells (GGCs) is a viable alternative for preserving the gene pool of birds. The advantage of protocols using GGCs is the early determination of the donor’s sex and targeted in vitro preservation of female reproductive material. Furthermore, there is a possibility of low-temperature intraovarian preservation of female bird gametes. The use of frozen-thawed ovarian tissues of both embryonic and postnatal origin as future transplants is being actively developed. The success of using donor reproductive material largely depends on the recipient preparation (sterilization). The world’s leading laboratories have achieved impressive results in producing offspring of both sexes using donor reproductive material. This review highlights the progress made in the developing technologies for the in vitro preservation and use of avian reproductive material: embryonic cells, donor ovarian tissues, and tissue transplantation to recipients. The development of biotechnological methods for manipulation with donor material of female birds will contribute to achieving the goal of the world scientific community, which is to prevent the loss of biodiversity of domestical birds, and will be further applied in the restoration of avian breeds and species that are currently at risk of extinction. An additional argument for the importance of developing these technologies is the significant economic advantage in reconstructing endangered breeds, compared to using only cryopreserved semen when conducting multiple backcrosses with a breed close in phenotype.

птицасохранение биоразнообразиякриоконсервация гаметяичникитрансплантациядонорыреципиентыPGCsGGCspoultrybiodiversity conservationgamete cryopreservationovariestransplantationdonorsrecipientsPGCsGGCsРабота выполнена при поддержке Министерства науки и высшего образования Российской Федерации по теме ГЗ № FGGN-2024-0014.ReferencesSelection and Conservation of Gametes and Embryos for Improving Assisted Reproductive Technologies / A. Gambini, I. Ortiz, M. Hidalgo [et al.] // Animals. – 2023. – Vol. 13. – P. 2761. – DOI:10.3390/ani13172761.Gambini A., Ortiz I., Hidalgo M. [et al.], Selection and Conservation of Gametes and Embryos for Improving Assisted Reproductive Technologies, Animals, 2023, Vol. 13, pp. 2761, DOI: 10.3390/ani13172761.Effects of saccharides supplementation in the extender of cryopreservedrooster (Gallus domesticus) semen on the fertility of frozen/thawed spermatozoa / O. Stanishevskaya, Y. Silyukova, N. Pleshanov [et al.] // Animals. – 2021. – Vol. 11(1). – P. 1–9.Stanishevskaya O., Silyukova Y., Pleshanov N. [et al.], Effects of saccharides supplementation in the extender of cryopreservedrooster (Gallus domesticus) semen on the fertility of frozen/thawed spermatozoa, Anim, 2021, Vol. 11(1), pp. 1–9.Role of mono-and disaccharide combination in cryoprotective medium for rooster semen to ensure cryoresistance of spermatozoa / O. Stanishevskaya, Y. Silyukova, N. Pleshanov [et al.] // Molecules. – 2021. – Vol. 26(19). – P. 5920. DOI: 10.3390/molecules26195920.Stanishevskaya O., Silyukova Y., Pleshanov N. [et al.], Role of mono-and disaccharide combination in cryoprotective medium for rooster semen to ensure cryoresistance of spermatozoa, Molecules, 2021, Vol. 26(19), pp. 5920, DOI: 10.3390/molecules26195920.Silversides F.G., Purdy P.H., Blackburn H.D. Comparative costs of programmes to conserve chicken genetic variation based on maintaining living populations or storing cryopreserved material // British Poultry Science. – 2012. – Vol. 53(5). – P. 599–607. – DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2012.727383.Silversides F.G., Purdy P.H., Blackburn H.D., Comparative costs of programmes to conserve chicken genetic variation based on maintaining living populations or storing cryopreserved material, Brit Poult Sci, 2012, Vol. 53(5), pp. 599– 607, DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2012.727383.Johnson A.L. The avian ovary and follicle development: some comparative and practical insights // Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences. – 2014. – Vol. 38 (6). – P. 660–669. – DOI: 10.3906/vet-1405-6.Johnson A.L., The avian ovary and follicle development: some comparative and practical insights, Turk J Vet Anim Sci, 2014, Vol. 38 (6), pp. 660–669, DOI:10.3906/vet-1405-6.González-Morán M.G. Histological and Stereological Changes in Growing and Regressing Chicken Ovaries During Development // The Anatomical Record: Advances in Integrative Anatomy and Evolutionary Biology. – 2011. – Vol. 294(5). – P. 893–904. – DOI: 10.1002/ar.21364.González-Morán M.G., Histological and Stereological Changes in Growing and Regressing Chicken Ovaries During Development, Anatomical Record, 2011, Vol. 294(5), pp. 893–904, DOI: 10.1002/ar.21364.Перинек О.Ю., Волкова Н.А., Гагиева З.В. Гистологическое исследование яичников кур мясо-яичной породы // Птицеводство. – 2025. – № 1. – С. 49–55. – DOI: 10.33845/0033-3239-2025-74-1-49-55.Perinek O.Y., Volkova N.A., Gagieva Z.V., Histological examination of the ovary in a universal chicken breed at different ages, Ptisevodstvo, 2025, Vol. 1, pp. 49–55, DOI: 10.33845/0033-3239-2025-74-1-49-55.Gupta A., Kapoor K. Avian ovary: a unique dynamic reproductive organ // International Journal of Avian & Wildlife Biology. – 2024. – Vol. 8(2). – P. 77–78. – DOI: 10.15406/ijawb.2024.08.00217.Gupta A., Kapoor K., Avian ovary: a unique dynamic reproductive organ, Int J Avian & Wildlife Biol, 2024, Vol. 8(2), pp. 77–78, DOI: 10.15406/ijawb.2024.08.00217.Ovarian dynamics and follicle development. In: Jamieson B.G.M., editor. / A.L. Johnson, D.C. Woods // Reproductive Biology and Phylogeny of Birds. Vol. 6A. Science Publishers; Enfield, NH, USA: 2007. – P. 243–277.Johnson A.L., Woods D.C., Ovarian dynamics and follicle development. In: Jamieson B.G.M., editor., Reprod Biol Phyl Birds, Vol. 6A, Science Publishers; Enfield, NH, USA: 2007, pp. 243–277.Histology of the Ovary of the Laying Hen (Gallus domesticus) / K.D. Apperson, K.E. Bird, G. Cherian [et al.] // Veterinary Science. – 2017. – Vol. 4(4). – P. 66. – DOI: 10.3390/vetsci4040066.Apperson K.D., Bird K.E., Cherian G., Löhr C.V., Histology of the Ovary of the Laying Hen (Gallus domesticus), Vet Sci, 2017, Vol. 4(4), pp. 66, DOI: 10.3390/vetsci4040066.The Effects of Freezing Media on the Characteristics of Male and Female Chicken Primordial Germ Cell Lines / A. Ecker, B. Lázár, R.I. Tóth [et al.] // Life. – 2023. – Vol. 13. – P. 867. – DOI: 10.3390/life13040867.Ecker A., Lázár B., Tóth R.I.[et al.], The Effects of Freezing Media on the Characteristics of Male and Female Chicken Primordial Germ Cell Lines, Life, 2023, Vol. 13, pp. 867, DOI: 10.3390/life13040867.Cellular analysis of cleavage-stage chick embryos reveals hidden conservation in vertebrate early development / H. Nagai, M. Sezaki, K. Kakiguchi [et al.] // Development. – 2015. – Vol. 42(7). – P. 1279–1286. – DOI: 10.1242/dev.118604.Nagai H., Sezaki M., Kakiguchi K. [et al.], Cellular analysis of cleavage-stage chick embryos reveals hidden conservation in vertebrate early development, Development, 2015, Vol. 42(7), pp. 1279–1286, DOI: 10.1242/dev.118604.Cryopreservation of specialized chicken lines using cultured primordial germ cells / S. Nandi, J. Whyte, L. Taylor [et al.] // Poultry Science. – 2016. – Vol. 95(8). – P. 1905–1911. – DOI: 10.3382/ps/pew133.Nandi S., Whyte J., Taylor L. [et al.], Cryopreservation of specialized chicken lines using cultured primordial germ cells, Poult Sci, 2016, Vol. 95(8), pp. 1905–1911, DOI: 10.3382/ps/pew133.Germline Replacement by Transfer of Primordial Germ Cells into Partially Sterilized Embryos in the Chicken / Y. Nakamura, F. Usui, T. Ono [et al.] // Biology of Reproduction. – 2010. – Vol. 83(1). – P. 130–137. –DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod.110.083923.Nakamura Y., Usui F., Ono T. [et al.], Germline Replacement by Transfer of Primordial Germ Cells into Partially Sterilized Embryos in the Chicken, Biol Reprod, 2010, Vol. 83(1), pp. 130–137, DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod.110.083923.Development of cryopreservation media for the slow-freezing of cultured primordial germ cells in chicken / N. Hamai, C. Koide, Y. Tansho [et al.] // Journal of Reproduction and Development. – 2023. – Vol. 69(2). – P. 109–117. – DOI: 10.1262/jrd.2022-123.Hamai N., Koide C., Tansho Y. [et al.], Development of cryopreservation media for the slow-freezing of cultured primordial germ cells in chicken, J Reprod Dev, 2023, Vol. 69(2), pp. 109–117, DOI: 10.1262/jrd.2022-123.Cryopreservation of chicken primordial germ cells by vitrification and slow freezing: A comparative study / C. Tonus, D. Connan, O. Waroux [et al.] // Theriogenology. – 2017. – Vol. 88. – P. 197–206. – DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2016.09.022.Tonus C., Connan D., Waroux O. [et al.], Cryopreservation of chicken primordial germ cells by vitrification and slow freezing: A comparative study, Theriogenology, 2017, Vol. 88, pp. 197–206, DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2016.09.022.Silversides F.G., Robertson M.C., Liu J. Cryoconservation of avian gonads in Canada / // Poultry Science. – 2013. – Vol. 92(10). – P. 2613–2617. – DOI: 10.3382/ps.2013-03185.Silversides F.G., Robertson M.C., Liu J., Cryoconservation of avian gonads in Canada, Poult Sci, 2013, Vol. 92(10), pp. 2613–2617, DOI: 10.3382/ps.2013-03185.Conservation of chicken male germline by orthotopic transplantation of primordial germ cells from genetically distant donors / J. Mucksová, M. Reinišová, J. Kalina [et al.] // Biology Reproduction. – 2019. – Vol. 101(1). – P. 200– 207. – DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioz064.Mucksová J., Reinišová M., Kalina J. [et al.], Conservation of chicken male germline by orthotopic transplantation of primordial germ cells from genetically distant donors, Biol Reprod, 2019, Vol. 101(1), pp. 200–207, DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioz064.Primordial germ cells isolated from individual embryos of red junglefowl and indigenous pheasants of Thailand / S. Chaipipat, S. Prukudom, K. Sritabtim [et al.] // Theriogenology. – 2021. – Vol. 165. – P. 59–68. – DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2021.02.010.Chaipipat S., Prukudom S., Sritabtim K. [et al.], Primordial germ cells isolated from individual embryos of red junglefowl and indigenous pheasants of Thailand, Theriogenology, 2021, Vol. 165, pp. 59–68, DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2021.02.010.The dynamic development of germ cells during chicken embryogenesis / S.Y. Yang, H.J. Lee, H.C. Lee [et al.] // Poultry Science. – 2018. – Vol. 97. – P. 650–657. – DOI: 10.3382/ps/pex316.Yang S.Y., Lee H.J., Lee H.C. [et al.], The dynamic development of germ cells during chicken embryogenesis, Poult Sci, 2018, Vol. 97, pp. 650–657, DOI: 10.3382/ps/pex316.Direct in vitro propagation of avian germ cells from an embryonic gonad biorepository / T. Hu, P.H. Purdy, M.H. Blank [et al.] // Poultry Science. – 2024. – Vol. 103(11). – P. 104260. – DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.104260.Hu T., Purdy P.H., Blank M.H. [et al.], Direct in vitro propagation of avian germ cells from an embryonic gonad biorepository, Poult Sci, 2024, Vol. 103(11), pp. 104260, DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.104260.A low-tech, cost-effective and efficient method for safeguarding genetic diversity by direct cryopreservation of poultry embryonic reproductive cells / T. Hu, L. Taylor, A. Sherman [et al.] // eLife. – 2022. – Vol. 11. – P. e74036. – DOI: 10.7554/eLife.74036.Hu T., Taylor L., Sherman A. [et al.], A low-tech, cost-effective and efficient method for safeguarding genetic diversity by direct cryopreservation of poultry embryonic reproductive cells, eLife, 2022, Vol. 11, pp. e74036, DOI: 10.7554/eLife.74036.Song Y., Silversides F.G. The technique of orthotopic ovarian transplantation in the chicken // Poultry Science. – 2006. – Vol. 85(6). – P. 1104–1106. – DOI: 10.1093/ps/85.6.1104.Song Y., Silversides F.G., The technique of orthotopic ovarian transplantation in the chicken, Poult Sci, 2006, Vol. 85(6), pp. 1104–1106, DOI: 10.1093/ps/85.6.1104.Song Y., Silversides F.G. Transplantation of ovaries in Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica) // Anim Reprod Sci. – 2008. – Vol. 105(3–4). – P. 430–437. – DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2007.12.024.Song Y., Silversides F.G., Transplantation of ovaries in Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica), Anim Reprod Sci, 2008, Vol. 105(3–4), pp. 430–437, DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2007.12.024.Song Y., Silversides F.G. Long-term production of donor-derived offspring from chicken ovarian transplants // Poultry Science. – 2008. – Vol. 87(9). – P. 1818–1822. – DOI: 10.3382/ps.2008-00103.Song Y., Silversides F.G., Long-term production of donor-derived offspring from chicken ovarian transplants, Poult Sci, 2008, Vol. 87(9), pp. 1818–1822, DOI: 10.3382/ps.2008-00103.Preliminary results of the application of gonadal tissue transfer in various chicken breeds in the poultry gene conservation / K. Liptoi, G. Horvath, J. Gal [et al.] // Anim Reprod Sci. – 2013. – Vol. 141(1–2). – P. 86–89. – DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2013.06.016.Liptoi K., Horvath G., Gal J. [et al.], Preliminary results of the application of gonadal tissue transfer in various chicken breeds in the poultry gene conservation, Anim Reprod Sci, 2013, Vol. 141(1–2), pp. 86–89, DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2013.06.016.In ovo culturing of turkey (Meleagris gallopavo) ovarian tissue to assess graft viability and maturation of prefollicular germ cells and follicles / G.B. Hall, J.A. Long, B.J. Wood [et al.] // Poultry Science. – 2020. – Vol. 99(12). – P. 7109– 7121. – DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2020.09.014.Hall G.B., Long J.A., Wood B.J., Bedecarrats G.Y., In ovo culturing of turkey (Meleagris gallopavo) ovarian tissue to assess graft viability and maturation of prefollicular germ cells and follicles, Poult Sci, 2020, Vol. 99(12), pp. 7109– 7121, DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2020.09.014.Cyclosporin a prevents ovarian graft rejection, and permits normal germ cell maturation within the first 5 weeks posttransplantation, in the domestic turkey (Meleagris gallopavo) / G.B. Hall, J. Beeler-Marfisi, J.A. Long [et al.] // Frontiers in Veterinary Science. – 2022. – Vol. 9. – P. 855164. – DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.855164.Hall G.B., Beeler-Marfisi J., Long J.A. [et al.], Cyclosporin A Prevents Ovarian Graft Rejection, and Permits Normal Germ Cell Maturation Within the First 5 Weeks Post-transplantation, in the Domestic Turkey (Meleagris gallopavo), Front Vet Sci, 2022, Vol. 9, pp. 855164, DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.855164.Turkey ovarian tissue transplantation: effects of surgical technique on graft attachment and immunological status of the grafts, 6 days post-surgery / G.B. Hall, J.A. Long, L. Susta [et al.] // Poultry Science. – 2022. – Vol. 101(3). – P. 101648. – DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2021.101648.Hall G.B., Long J.A., Susta L. [et al.], Turkey ovarian tissue transplantation: effects of surgical technique on graft attachment and immunological status of the grafts, 6 days post-surgery, Poult Sci, 2022, Vol. 101(3), pp. 101648, DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2021.101648.Major histocompatibility complex-b haplotype and ovarian graft response / C.C. Quach, J.E. Fulton, J.D. Benson [et al.] // Poultry Science. – 2023. – Vol. 102(9). – P. 102850. – DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.102850.Quach C.C., Fulton J.E., Benson J.D. [et al.], Major Histocompatibility Complex-B haplotype and ovarian graft response, Poult Sci, 2023, Vol. 102(9), pp. 102850, DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.102850.Increased proportion of donor primordial germ cells in chimeric gonads by sterilisation of recipient embryos using busulfan sustained-release emulsion in chickens / Y. Nakamura, Y. Yamamoto, F. Usu [et al.] // Reproduction, Fertility and Development. – 2008. – Vol. 20(8). – P. 900–907. – DOI: 10.1071/rd08138.Nakamura Y., Yamamoto Y., Usu F., [et al.], Increased proportion of donor primordial germ cells in chimeric gonads by sterilisation of recipient embryos using busulfan sustained-release emulsion in chickens, Reprod Fertil Dev, 2008, Vol. 20(8), pp. 900–907, DOI: 10.1071/rd08138.Compensatory proliferation of endogenous chicken primordial germ cells after elimination by busulfan treatment / H. Lee, S. Kim, T. Park [et al.] // Stem Cell Research and Therapy. – 2013. – Vol. 4(6). – P. 136. – DOI: 10.1186/scrt347.Lee H., Kim S., Park T. [et al.], Compensatory proliferation of endogenous chicken primordial germ cells after elimination by busulfan treatment, Stem Cell Res Ther, 2013, Vol. 4(6), pp. 136, DOI: 10.1186/scrt347.Liu J., Cheng K.M., Silversides F.G. Novel needle-in-straw vitrification can effectively preserve the follicle morphology, viability, and vascularization of ovarian tissue in Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica) // Animal Reproduction Science. – 2012. – Vol. 134(3–4). – P. 197–202.Liu J., Cheng K.M., Silversides F.G., Novel needle-in-straw vitrification can effectively preserve the follicle morphology, viability, and vascularization of ovarian tissue in Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica), Anim Reprod Sci, 2012, Vol. 134(3–4), pp. 197–202.Liu J., Cheng K.M., Silversides F.G. A simple vitrification method for cryobanking avian testicular tissue // Poultry Science. – 2012. – Vol. 91(12). – P. 3209–3213. – DOI: 10.3382/ps.2012-02454.Liu J., Cheng K.M., Purdy P.H., Silversides F.G., A simple vitrification method for cryobanking avian testicular tissue, Poult Sci, 2012, Vol. 91(12), pp. 3209–13, DOI: 10.3382/ps.2012-02454.FAO, 2012. FAOSTAT. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations [Электронный ресурс]. URL: https://www.fao.org/4/i3028e/i3028e.pdf (дата обращения: 10.04.2025).FAO, 2012. FAOSTAT. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations: https://www.fao.org/4/i3028e/i3028e.pdf.Ethylene glycol and dimethyl sulfoxide combination reduces cryoinjuries and apoptotic gene expression in vitrified laying hen ovary / R. Nateghi, A. Alizadeh, Y. Jafari Ahangari [et al.] // Biopreservetion and Biobanking. – 2017. – Vol. 15(6). – P. 519–528. – DOI: 10.1089/bio.2017.0078.Nateghi R., Alizadeh A., Jafari Ahangari Y. [et al.], Ethylene glycol and dimethyl sulfoxide combination reduces cryoinjuries and apoptotic gene expression in vitrified laying hen ovary, Biopreserv Biobank, 2017, Vol. 15(6), pp. 519– 528, DOI: 10.1089/bio.2017.0078.Improvement of the application of gonadal tissue allotransplantation in the in vitro conservation of chicken genetic lines / K. Liptoi, K. Buda, E. Rohn [et al.] // Anim Reprod Sci. – 2020. – Vol. 213. – P. 106280. – DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2020.106280.Liptoi K., Buda K., Rohn E. [et al.], Improvement of the application of gonadal tissue allotransplantation in the in vitro conservation of chicken genetic lines, Anim Reprod Sci, 2020, Vol. 213, pp. 106280, DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2020.106280.Cryopreservation Competence of Chicken Oocytes as a Model of Endangered Wild Birds: Effects of Storage Time and Temperature on the Ovarian Follicle Survival / M. Fujihara, J.-I. Shiraishi, M. Onuma [et al.] // Animals. – 2022. – Vol. 12. – P. 1434. – DOI: 10.3390/ani12111434.Fujihara M., Shiraishi J.-i., Onuma M. [et al.], Cryopreservation Competence of Chicken Oocytes as a Model of Endangered Wild Birds: Effects of Storage Time and Temperature on the Ovarian Follicle Survival, Animals, 2022, Vol. 12, pp. 1434, DOI: 10.3390/ani12111434.Orthotopic Transplantation of Native and Cryopreserved Ovarian Tissue in Day-Old Geese / K. Buda, B. Vegi, I. Lehoczky [et al.] // Veterinary Science. – 2025. – Vol. 12. – P. 169. – DOI: 10.3390/vetsci12020169.Buda K., Vegi B., Lehoczky I. [et al.], Orthotopic Transplantation of Native and Cryopreserved Ovarian Tissue in Day-Old Geese, Vet Sci, 2025, Vol. 12, pp. 169, DOI: 10.3390/vetsci12020169.

The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.