vestngauВестник университета биотехнологийVestnik University of biotechnologiy3033-8433Publishing Centre “Zolotoy Kolos” of Novosibirsk State Agrarian University10.31677/3033-8433-2026-21-1-47-62.vestngau-2838Research ArticleАГРОНОМИЯAGRONOMYВлияние зоокомпоста на рост и развитие бархатцев отклоненныхInfluence of zoocompost on the growth and development of marigoldsПухальскийЯ. В.PuhalskyJ.V.

научный сотрудник лаборатории промышленных биотехнологических инноваций

Санкт-Петербург

Industrial Biotechnological Innovations Laboratory

St. Petersburg

puhalskyyan@gmail.comЛоскутовС. И.LoskutovS. I.

кандидат сельскохозяйственных наук, заведующий лабораторией и промышленных биотехнологических инноваций

Санкт-Петербург

PhD in Agricultural Sciences, Head of Industrial Biotechnological Innovations Laboratory

St. Petersburg

СвятковскаяЕ. А.SvyatkovskayaE. A.

научный сотрудник лаборатории декоративного цветоводства и озеленения

Апатиты

Researcher, Ornamental Floriculture and Landscaping Laboratory

Apatity

РыбалкоЕ. П.RybalkoE. P.

младший научный сотрудник лаборатории декоративного цветоводства и озеленения

Апатиты

Junior Researcher, Ornamental Floriculture and Landscaping Laboratory

Apatity

ЯкубовскаяА. И.YakubovskayaA. I.

кандидат биологических наук, ведущий научный сотрудник, руководитель отдела сельскохозяйственной микробиологии

Симферополь

PhD in Biology, Leading Researcher, Head of Agricultural Microbiology Department

Simferopol

ТурковскаяВ. Р.TurkovskayaV. R.

инженер-исследователь

Симферополь

Research Engineer

Simferopol

КаменеваИ. А.KamenevaI. A.

кандидат сельскохозяйственных наук, ведущий научный сотрудник, заведующая лабораторией физиологии и экологии микроорганизмов

Симферополь

PhD in Agricultural Sciences, Leading Researcher, Head of Microorganism Physiology and Ecology Laboratory

Simferopol

Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт пищевых добавок ‒ филиал Федерального научного центра пищевых систем им. В.М. Горбатова Российской академии наукРоссияAll-Russian Research Institute of Food Additives ‒ branch of the V.M. Gorbatov Federal Scientific Center for Food Systems of the Russian Academy of SciencesRussian FederationПолярно-альпийский ботанический сад-институт им. Н.А. Аврорина — обособленное подразделение Федерального государственного бюджетного учреждения науки Федерального исследовательского центра «Кольский научный центр» Российской академии наукРоссияPolar-Alpine Botanical Garden-Institute named after N.A. Avrorina is a separate division of the Federal State Budgetary Institution of Science, the Federal Research Center “Kola Scientific Center” of the Russian Academy of SciencesRussian FederationНаучно-исследовательский институт сельского хозяйства КрымаРоссияResearch Institute of Agriculture of CrimeaRussian FederationНаучно-исследовательский институт сельского хозяйства КрымаРоссияResearch Institute of Agriculture of Crimea, Simferopol,Russian Federation202612082026014762Copyright © Пухальский Я.В., Лоскутов С.И., Святковская Е.А., Рыбалко Е.П., Якубовская А.И., Турковская В.Р., Каменева И.А., 20262026Пухальский Я.В., Лоскутов С.И., Святковская Е.А., Рыбалко Е.П., Якубовская А.И., Турковская В.Р., Каменева И.А.Puhalsky J., Loskutov S.I., Svyatkovskaya E.A., Rybalko E.P., Yakubovskaya A.I., Turkovskaya V.R., Kameneva I.A.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://vestngau.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/2838

В статье представлены результаты исследования влияния водных и щелочных экстрактов зоокомпоста – продукта переработки отходов личинками черной львинки (Hermetia illucens) – на вегетативный  рост,  развитие  и  декоративные  характеристики  бархатцев  отклоненных  (Tagetes  patula  L.  сорта Bonanza orange). Эксперимент проводился в тепличных условиях (температура +20…+26 °C, влажность 70–80 %) в условиях хемопоники (разновидность гидропоники) на кокосовом субстрате. Зоокомпост, полученный из экскрементов личинок, выращенных на пшеничных отрубях, характеризовался высоким содержанием органического вещества (82,8 %), азота (1,8 %), фосфора и калия, а также наличием гуминовых кислот (9,8 %) и полезной микрофлоры (преимущественно Bacillus spp.). Исходные 10 % суспензии экстрагировали водой или гидроксидом калия, после чего разводили до концентраций 0,01–8,0 % и вносили как однократную корневую подкормку. Контролем служила фильтрованная вода. Результаты показали, что оба типа экстрактов значимо (p < 0,001) стимулировали рост растений: при концентрациях 3,0–5,0 % масса побегов увеличилась на 160 % относительно контроля, ускорилось формирование соцветий (на 8–10 сут), возросло количество бутонов (до 16 шт. против восьми в контроле) и их совокупная масса. Оптимальной для улучшения декоративных качеств (диаметр цветка до 6,2 см) признана концентрация 1,0 %. Щелочной экстракт продемонстрировал более предсказуемую эффективность (r = 0,89–0,91 для связи концентрации с массой побегов и соцветий). Концентрации свыше 5,0 % ингибировали цветение, уменьшая диаметр цветка до контрольных значений (3,5–4,0 см).

The article presents the results of a study of the effect of aqueous and alkaline extracts of zoocompost – a product of waste processing by black soldier fly larvae (Hermetia illucens) – on the vegetative growth, development and decorative characteristics of marigolds (Tagetes patula L. variety Bonanza orange). The experiment was conducted in greenhouse conditions (temperature +20…+26 °C, humidity 70–80 %) under chemoponics (a type of hydroponics) conditions on a coconut substrate. The zoocompost obtained from the excrement of larvae grown on wheat bran was characterized by a high content of organic matter (82.8 %), nitrogen (1.8 %), phosphorus and potassium, as well as the presence of humic acids (9.8 %) and beneficial microflora (mainly Bacillus spp.). The initial 10 % suspension was extracted with water or potassium hydroxide, then diluted to concentrations of 0.01–8.0 % and applied as a single root dressing. Filtered water served as a control. The results showed that both types of extracts significantly (p < 0.001) stimulated plant growth: at concentrations of 3.0–5.0 %, the shoot weight increased by 160% relative to the control, inflorescence formation accelerated (by 8–10 days), the number of buds increased (up to 16 pcs. versus 8 in the control) and their total mass. A concentration of 1.0 % was recognized as optimal for improving decorative qualities (flower diameter up to 6.2 cm). The alkaline extract demonstrated more predictable efficiency (r = 0.89–0.91 for the relationship between concentration and shoot and inflorescence weight). Concentrations above 5.0% inhibited flowering, reducing the flower diameter to control values (3.5–4.0 cm).

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.