vestngauВестник университета биотехнологийBulletin of NSAU (Novosibirsk State Agrarian University)2072-6724Publishing Centre “Zolotoy Kolos” of Novosibirsk State Agrarian University10.31677/2072-6724-2021-59-2-18-42vestngau-1512Research ArticleАГРОНОМИЯAGRONOMYВнутривидовая изменчивость цветочно-декоративных растений семейства Onagraceae и механизмы их сортообразованияIntraspecific variability of floral and ornamental plants of Onagraceae family and mechanisms of their variety formationКоролеваЕ. В.KorolevaE. V.

Соискатель

Новосибирск

Researcher

Novosibirsk

coroleva-nsk@yandex.ruПетровА. Ф.PetrovA. F.

Кандидат сельскохозяйственных наук, доцент

Новосибирск

PhD in Agricultural Sciences, Associate Professor

Novosibirsk

ЧудиноваЮ. В.ChudinovaYu. V.

Доктор биологических наук, доцент

Томск

Doctor of Biological Sciences, Associate Professor

Tomsk

 

Новосибирский государственный аграрный университетРоссияNovosibirsk State Agrarian UniversityRussian FederationТомский сельскохозяйственный институт – филиал ФГБОУ ВО Новосибирский государственный аграрный университет; Сибирский научно-исследовательский институт сельского хозяйства и торфа филиал ФГБУН Сибирский федеральный научный центр агробиотехнологий РАНРоссияTomsk Agricultural Institute Branch of Novosibirsk State Agrarian University; Siberian Research Institute of Agriculture and Peat Branch of Siberian Federal Research Center of Agrobiotechnology RASRussian Federation202113072021021842Copyright © Королева Е.В., Петров А.Ф., Чудинова Ю.В., 20212021Королева Е.В., Петров А.Ф., Чудинова Ю.В.Koroleva E.V., Petrov A.F., Chudinova Y.V.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://vestngau.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1512

Настоящий обзор посвящен проблемам внутривидовой изменчивости цветочно-декоративных растений рода Clarkia Purch. семейства Onagraceae и уточнению систематического статуса интродуцированных в Новосибирск видов Godetia. Виды кларкии из секций Godetia и Rhodantos отличаются особой красотой и продолжительностью цветения. Для отбора перспективных форм и создания местных сортов, включенных в основной ассортимент цветочных культур для климатических условий Западной Сибири, а также внедрения их в городское озеленение необходимо всестороннее изучение влияния условий внешней среды на генетические особенности популяций, декоративные качества, биологию цветения, морфогенез, органогенез, семенную продуктивность и качество семян, агротехнику выращивания вышеуказанных видов кларкии. В статье рассматриваются таксономические маркеры, значимые для определения систематического положения видов Clarkia из секций Godetia и Rhodantos в семействе Onagraceae. Изложены экспериментальные данные генетического и цитологического анализов, проведенных зарубежными учеными за последние 100 лет, которые дают представление о морфологической, кариологической характеристике и генетической изменчивости у различных видов в секции Godetia. Установлены механизмы наследования признака окраски цветков и многочисленных вариаций положения пятна на лепестках разных видов кларкий. Формирование перечня генов, отвечающих за систему пигментации рода Clarkia, местоположение и размер карминового пятна, позволит вести направленный отбор по качественным признакам. Изучение картины многофакторного наследования признаков габитуса и формы цветка среди подвидов C. amoena способствует отбору наиболее декоративных гибридных форм (сортотипов) в качестве исходного материала. В заключение приводится краткий обзор перспективных видов рода Clarkia из секции Godetia и Rhodantos для декоративного растениеводства и селекции.

The present review is devoted to intraspecific variability of floral and ornamental plants of the genus Clarkia purch. Family Onagraceae and clarification of the systematic status of the Godetia species introduced into Novosibirsk. Clarkia species from the Godetia and Rhodantos sections are noted for their particular beauty and duration of flowering. A comprehensive study of the influence of environmental conditions on genetic features of populations, ornamental qualities, flowering biology, morphogenesis, organogenesis, seed production and seed quality, agrotechnology’s of growing the above species of Clarkia, for selecting suitable forms and creating local varieties included in the basic assortment of flower crops for climatic conditions of Western Siberia as well as their introduction into urban gardening is necessary. The article discusses taxonomic markers important for determining the systematic position of Clarkia species from Godetia and Rhodantos sections in the family Onagraceae. Experimental data of genetic and cytological analyses carried out by foreign scientists for the last 100 years are presented, which give an idea of morphological, karyological characteristics and genetic variability in various species in the Godetia section. The mechanisms of inheritance of the flower colour trait and numerous variations in the position of the spot on the petals of different clarkia species have been established. Formation of the list of genes responsible for the Clarkia pigmentation system, location and size of the carmine spot will allow targeted selection for qualitative traits. The study of the pattern of multifactorial inheritance of habitus and flower shape traits among C. amoena subspecies contributes to the passage of the most decorative hybrid forms (varieties) as the starting material. In conclusion, a brief overview of promising species of the genus Clarkia from the Godetia and Rhodantos sections for ornamental plant breeding and selection is given.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.