vestngauВестник университета биотехнологийVestnik University of biotechnologiy3033-8433Publishing Centre “Zolotoy Kolos” of Novosibirsk State Agrarian University10.31677/2072-6724-2020-57-4-111-117vestngau-1443Research ArticleВЕТЕРИНАРИЯ И ЗООТЕХНИЯVETERINARY MEDICINE AND ANIMAL SCIENCEВлияние эколого-географических условий на концентрацию тяжелых металлов в селезенке герефордского скота, разводимого в условиях Новосибирской области и Алтайского краяThe influence of ecological and geographical conditions on the concentration of heavy metals in the spleen of Hereford cattle bred in the conditions of the Novosibirsk and Altai regionsНарожныхК. Н.NarozhnikhK. N.

кандидат биологических наук, заведующий лабораторией

Новосибирск

Candidate of Biological Sc., Head of the Laboratory

Novosibirsk

nkn.88@mail.ruНовосибирский государственный аграрный университетРоссияNovosibirsk State Agrarian UniversityRussian Federation20203112202004111117Copyright © Нарожных К.Н., 20202020Нарожных К.Н.Narozhnikh K.N.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://vestngau.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1443

Загрязнение пищевой цепи тяжёлыми металлами стало актуальной проблемой в последние годы из-за их потенциального накопления в биосистемах вследствие возросшего антропогенного воздействия. В этом исследовании оценивали уровни кадмия, свинца, меди и цинка у крупного рогатого скота из Краснозерского, Маслянинского, Новосибирского районов Новосибирской области и Целинного района Алтайского края. Цель исследования – оценить влияние эколого-географического фактора на содержание тяжёлых металлов в селезёнке бычков герефордской породы. Пробы селезёнки были взяты от 31 клинически здорового бычка герефордской породы в возрасте 16–18 месяцев. Пробоподготовка осуществлялась в соответствии с ГОСТ 26929–94 и 30178–96. Определение химического состава проб проводили методом атомно-абсорбционной спектрометрии с пламенной и электротермической атомизацией. Медианные значения по содержанию меди, цинка, свинца и кадмия в селезёнке бычков, разводимых в Краснозерском, Маслянинском Новосибирском и Целинном районах, находились в диапазоне 1,6–1,8; 21,0–22,4; 0,06–1,45; 0,01–0,09 мг/кг. Фенотипическая изменчивость уровня меди и цинка была относительно низкой, а свинца и кадмия – высокой. Влияние эколого-географического фактора было характерно только для уровня кадмия. Выявлены значимые отличия по концентрации кадмия в селезёнке у животных, выращенных в Маслянинском районе, от разводимых в Краснозерском и Новосибирском районах. Для меди, цинка и свинца были рассчитаны референсные интервалы – 0,60–2,92; 17,2–26,0; 0,019–0,218 мг/кг соответственно. Они могут служить ориентировочной нормой для скота герефордской породы, разводимого на территориях Краснозерского, Новосибирского, Маслянинского районов Новосибирской области и Целинного района Алтайского края.

Contamination of the food chain with heavy metals has become an urgent problem in recent years due to their potential accumulation in biosystems and is related to increased anthropogenic impact. This study assessed the levels of cadmium, lead, copper and zinc in cattle from the Novosibirsk, Krasnozersk, and Maslyanino regions of the Novosibirsk region and the Tselinny region of the Altai region. The aim of the study is to assess the influence of the ecological and geographical factors on the content of heavy metals in the spleen of Hereford gobies. Spleen samples were taken from 31 clinically healthy Hereford bulls aged 16-18 months. Sample preparation was carried out in accordance with GOST 26929-94 and 30178- 96. The determination of the chemical composition of the samples was carried out by atomic absorption spectrometry with flame and electrothermal atomization. The median values for the content of copper, zinc, lead and cadmium in the spleen of bull calves bred in Krasnozersky, Maslyaninsky, Novosibirsk and Tselinny regions were in the range of 1.6-1.8; 21.0-22.4; 0.06-1.45; 0.01-0.09 mg / kg. The phenotypic variability of the level of copper and zinc was relatively low, while that of lead and cadmium was high. The influence of the ecological and geographical factor was characteristic only for the level of cadmium. Significant differences in the concentration of cadmium in the spleen in animals raised in the Maslyanino region from those bred in the Krasnozersk and Novosibirsk regions were revealed. For copper, zinc and lead reference intervals were calculated - 0.60-2.92; 17.2-26.0; 0.019-0.218 mg / kg, respectively. They can serve as a rough guideline for Hereford cattle bred in the Krasnozersk, Novosibirsk, Maslyanino districts of the Novosibirsk region and the Tselinny district of the Altai region.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.